Exam 3

Question 1

What is metabolic syndrome?

Answer 1

A group of risk factors that increased the chance of CVD, Stroke, and Diabetes

Question 2

What are the risk factors for metabolic syndrome?

Answer 2

-high blood sugar
-High blood pressure
-high triglycerides
-excess fat around waist

Question 3

What criteria is needed to diagnose metabolic syndrome?

Answer 3

must meet 3 of the following
-waist size >40 in men >35 in women
-treating triglycerides >150
-HDL <40 in men <50 in women
-Blood pressure > 130/85
-Fasting blood sugar >100

Question 4

What is Nissen Fundoplication?

Answer 4

Surgery to treat GERD

Question 5

What is the greatest concern after surgery?

Answer 5

pneumothorax, patient will have absent breath sounds

Question 6

What would you teach to prevent a GERD exacerbation?

Answer 6

-Do not eat late
-no spicy food
-do not lay flat
-no fatty foods
-no smoking

Question 7

What is the risk of using a proton pump inhibitor (-prozle) long term?

Answer 7

may develop cdiff

Question 8

What are your nursing interventions for Cdiff?

Answer 8

-Contact MD
-Check vitals
-treat fevers
-Give antibiotics
-place on contact precautions

Question 9

What is a CEA test?

Answer 9

Measures chances of cancer returning
-high level of CEA in the blood indicates chance for return (even after being surgically removed)

Question 10

Your patient had GI surgery, what does post op care consist of?

Answer 10

-observe for bleeding
-monitor for infection
-auscultate for active bowel sounds

Question 11

What are signs of infection?

Answer 11

-redness
-warmth
-swelling
-drainage
-odor

Question 12

What is IGm used to treat?

Answer 12

Active hepatitis

Question 13

What is IGg used to treat?

Answer 13

recovering/chronic hepatitis

Question 14

How is hepatitis A transmitted?

Answer 14

Through fecal or oral route

Question 15

How is hepatitis B transmitted?

Answer 15

Through bodily fluid

Question 16

What do you educate to your patients with Hepatitis B?

Answer 16

-do not share personal hygiene products
-encourage rest
-eat small frequent meals

Question 17

What are the two types of cirrhosis?

Answer 17

alcoholic + nonalcoholic (fatty liver disease)

Question 18

How can your patient avoid cirrhosis?

Answer 18

-stop drinking alcohol

Question 19

What are the signs and symptoms of acute pancreatitis?

Answer 19

-Sudden abdominal pain
-n/v
-fever
-tachycardia
-hypotension
-hyperglycemia
-AMS
-rigid abdomen

Question 20

What is grey turners sign?

Answer 20

subcutaneous discoloration of the flank

Question 21

How do you assess a patient for grey turners sign?

Answer 21

turn the patient over to see if sides are grey

Question 22

What is cullen’s sign?

Answer 22

Bruising around the belly button

Question 23

What can a UAP do in the middle of surgery?

Answer 23

gather and assist handing supplies
vitals
i/o
ambulate

Question 24

What can an LPN do?

Answer 24

-wound care
-medication (no iv meds)
-peg tube feeding

Question 25

What can an RN do?

Answer 25

Evaluate, Assess, Educate

Question 26

If a patient is NPO, and then upgraded, what diet is recommended?

Answer 26

Clear and cold liquids

Question 27

What is the best nursing intervention to return bowel function after surgery?

Answer 27

Ambulation

Question 28

Who should receive the flu vaccine that is inactivated?

Answer 28

-Elderly -pregnant -immunocompromised -those with HIV

Question 29

What is allergic rhinitis?

Answer 29

inflammation of mucous membranes in nose

Question 30

How does your patient avoid allergic rhinitis?

Answer 30

-avoid triggers (pollen, pet dander, dust, etc)

Question 31

What kind of procedure is suctioning?

Answer 31

sterile procedure

Question 32

Who is more susceptible to influenza?

Answer 32

Smokers, they need vaccinated

Question 33

what are risk factors for larynx cancer?

Answer 33

smoking and alcohol use

Question 34

What should you teach your patient w/ acute sinusitis?

Answer 34

Take a hot shower do not use nasal decongestants for longer than 3 days

Question 35

If the patient is unconscious what is the best positioning?

Answer 35

side lying

Question 36

If a patient has pneumonia, What is the best positioning?

Answer 36

Dependent lung down (ex. if has left lobe pneumonia, place on right side)

Question 37

What is epistaxis?

Answer 37

nose bleed

Question 38

Nursing intervention for epistaxis?

Answer 38

Pinch nose, lean forward, apply ice

Question 39

What is given for oral fungal infection?

Answer 39

Nystatin (swish and swallow after given)

Question 40

How to screen for lung cancer?

Answer 40

get a CT scan

Question 41

When do we intubate a patient?

Answer 41

When respirators are very low or very high (normal 12-20)

Question 42

What are nursing interventions for acute respiratory failure?

Answer 42

-elevate hob -ambulate -humidification

Question 43

What does humidification do?

Answer 43

keeps nasal cavities moist

Question 44

what are complications of ARDS?

Answer 44

Infection SOB Sepsis Blood clots acute renal failure urine output <30ml/hr

Question 45

What are signs and symptoms of ARDs?

Answer 45

Sepsis signs, any changes to vitals organs such as heart, lungs or kidneys

Question 46

What is an early indicator for hypoxemia?

Answer 46

Mental status change

Question 47

What is the first nursing action for hypoxemia?

Answer 47

Check SPO2 level

Question 48

What is a tension pneumothorax?

Answer 48

Air building up in the lung due to a hole in the chest wall, putting pressure on the lung causing it to collapse

Question 49

What are signs and symptoms of tension pneumothorax?

Answer 49

Tracheal deviation absent breath sounds

Question 50

What is the treatment for tension pneumothorax?

Answer 50

Chest tube or needle decompression

Question 51

What is a pulmonary embolism?

Answer 51

Blood clot in the lung

Question 52

What is the priority nursing intervention for pulmonary embolism?

Answer 52

Administer o2

Question 53

How do we prevent ventilator associated pneumonia?

Answer 53

hand hygiene HOB 30-45° Oral care w/ CHG assess for extubation daily stress ulcer prophylaxis Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis

Question 54

What is the mechanism of action of Nifedipine (Procardia)?

Answer 54

It’s a calcium channel blocker that is used to treat pulmonary Hypertension

Question 55

When is an indicator that nifedipine could be given?

Answer 55

Patient is short of breath

Question 56

How do we evaluate the effectiveness of Procardia?

Answer 56

Patient states they can breathe better