Exam 3

Question 1

What is biotechnology?

Answer 1

Biotechnology is the modifications of organisms, cells, and their molecules for practical benefits

Question 2

What are the three applications of biotechnology?

Answer 2

Agricultural, medicine, environmental

Question 3

What are the two cancer vaccines?

Answer 3

Hepatitis B vaccine, cervarix and gerdasil

Question 4

What are the three biotechnology techniques?

Answer 4

DNA extraction, polymerase chain reaction (pcr), and gel electrophoresis

Question 5

What is DNA extraction?

Answer 5

Involves breaking the nucleus in order to isolate DNA

Question 6

Polymerase chain reaction

Answer 6

It is DNA replication in a tube

Question 7

Gel electrophoresis

Answer 7

Separate DNA based on size, DNA is partially negative and runs towards positive end of the gel

Question 8

What is rDNA?

Answer 8

rDNA is when two different DNA from two different sources are joined

Question 9

Example of rDNA?

Answer 9

Insulin

Question 10

What is restriction enzyme ?

Answer 10

DNA cutting enzyme, recognizes specific short sequences/target audience

Question 11

Genetic modification

Answer 11

Methods used to alter the genetic composition of an organism

Question 12

Genetic engineering

Answer 12

Genetic modification that involves the intentional introduction of a new gene sequence

Question 13

What is the universal receiver?

Answer 13

Type ab

Question 14

What blood type is the universal donor?

Answer 14

Type O

Question 15

Where does meiosis take place?

Answer 15

In the reproductive cells only

Question 16

What does meiosis produce?

Answer 16

Gametes, sperm and egg

Question 17

What is meiosis used for?

Answer 17

Sexual reproduction

Question 18

Number of cells generated in meiosis?

Answer 18

4

Question 19

Is the daughter cell identical?

Answer 19

No

Question 20

When does meiosis occur ?

Answer 20

After sexual maturity

Question 21

What is meiosis regulated by?

Answer 21

Sex hormones

Question 22

When does crossing over occur?

Answer 22

Prophase

Question 23

End result of telophase and cytokinesis?

Answer 23

2 haploid cells with 3 duplicated chromosomes

Question 24

End result of second round meiosis?

Answer 24

4 haploid cells, with 3 unduplicated chromosomes

Question 25

Autosomal dominant genetic disease?

Answer 25

Heterozygous or homozygous dominant will have disease,homozygous recessive will not

Question 26

Autosomal recessive, genetic disease?

Answer 26

Only homozygous recessive will have the gene, heterozygous are carriers

Question 27

What is incomplete dominance ?

Answer 27

One allele is not completely dominant over another

Question 28

What is the result of incomplete dominance?

Answer 28

Blended phenotype, purple flower + white flower = lavender flower

Question 29

What is codominance?

Answer 29

Both alleles are fully expressed

Question 30

Type A

Answer 30

A antigens, B antibodies

Question 31

Type B

Answer 31

B antigens, A antibodies

Question 32

Type ab

Answer 32

A and B antigens, neither antibodies

Question 33

Type o

Answer 33

Neither antigens, both A and B antibodies

Question 34

Epigenetic

Answer 34

Involves tags on genomes that act as switches, causing changes in gene expression