Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Geology > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

(49 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

In which type of dip-slip (inclined) fault does the hanging-wall block move DOWNWARD, relative to the footwall block?

A

Normal Faults

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

In which type of dip-slip (inclined) fault does the hanging-wall block move UP relative to the footwall block?

A

Reverse fault

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Roughly parallel fractures separating blocks that show no displacement

A

Joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which well known strike-slip fault in California forms the boundary between the North American and pacific plates

A

San Andreas fault

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which area and type of terrain result from active or recently active, normal faulting? Where is it located in the US?

A

Basin and range province of Nevada Utah and California

Western USA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How would you describe a thrust fault

A

LARF

Low angle reverse fault

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is a Horst

A

An UPRAISED block found between two normal faults

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Describes the geology for the Black Hills, SD

A

Dome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The Michigan geologic map shows older Paleozoic strata in roughly circular patterns surrounding a core area of Pennsylvania rocks. What is this structure?

A

Basin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The great Rift Valley of east Africa is characterized by what active geologic process?

A

Normal faulting and tension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which term describes the initial rupture point of an earthquake

A

Focus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

True statements describing P waves

A

1) first waves recorded primary
2) capable of moving through liquid
3) weakest of the waves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How would you best describe the mercalli scale?

A

Scale which measures intensity in roman numerals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the instrument that records earthquake waves (magnitude) and who invented it?

A

Seismograph

Charles richter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Who formulated the elastic rebound theory and after what earthquake

A

Reid

1906 San Francisco

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Define focus:

A

The location within the earth where the earthquake originated
(Where the fault first breaks)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The term for the location on the surface of the earth directly above the focus

A

Epicenter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

A direct measure of the distance between a seismic recording station and the focal point of a distant earthquake

A

Time difference between arrival of P and S waves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What term best describes the tendency of a foundation material to lose its internal cohesion and fail mechanically during earthquake shaking

A

Liquefaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Which parameter is directly related to the richter earthquake magnitude rating

Study These Flashcards
A

Power and amplitude

21
Q

Which foundation would most readily fail and undergo liquefaction during ground shaking

22
Q

Who vigorously promoted the idea of continental drift to the scientific community in the early decades of the 20th century

Study These Flashcards
A

Alfred Wegner

23
Q

Deep-focus earthquakes are associated with only one type of plate boundary. Which is it?

Study These Flashcards
A

Convergent plate boundary

24
Q

What was Pangea? When did it form and when did it break apart?

Study These Flashcards
A

Late Paleozoic and early Mesozoic super continent. End of Triassic

25
Deep-ocean trenches are surficial evidence for what?
Subduction of oceanic lithosphere
26
Volcanic island arcs are associated with what kind of plate boundary?
Ocean-ocean convergent plate boundary
27
What kind of plate boundary lies between India and Eurasia?
Continent-continent convergent plate boundary
28
Which phenomenon most completely outlines the edges of lithospheric plates?
Earthquakes
29
Which term denotes the temperature at which rocks and other materials lose their permanent magnetic characteristics
Curie point
30
Evolutionary process of sea-floor spreading
African Rift Valley, Red Sea, Atlantic Ocean | (Afrat)
31
What is the late Paleozoic, aquatic reptile whose fossil remains are found only in southeastern Brazil and Southern Africa?
Mesosaurus
32
What description best characterizes the Sierra Nevada, CA, and Grand Teton, WY mountain ranges?
fault block mountains
33
What term denotes the concept that rocks of the crust and mantle are in a state of flotational, gravitational equilibrium?
Isostasy
34
Which of the following is an example of an isostatic movement?
Glacier rebound
35
Folded limestones occur high in the Himalayas. Where were these rocks originally deposited as sediments?
Shallow sea between India and Eurasia
36
Where are accretionary wedges formed?
Landward side of a subduction zone, or at convergent plate boundary
37
Where might the severed part of a Jurassic seamount occur as a distinctive small terrane on a continent?
Convergent plate boundary, Accretionary wedge
38
Which mountain ranges are geologically old?
Appalachians and Urais
39
Which statement concerning topographically high-standing, mountainous areas is true?
greater than average thickness
40
Since the early Mesozoic, which continental margins have been passive?
East Atlantic Gulf Coast Atlantic West Coast of Europe All the coasts of Australia Most coasts of Africa
41
What percent of the worlds total annual energy production does the US use?
23-24%
42
What source supplies the largest percentage of energy consumed in US
petrollym
43
Of the following fossil fuels, which one is likely to have the lowest sulfer content when burned
natural gas
44
which accounts for the majority of the coal burned annually
electricity
45
which element and isotope is the main fuel used in nuclear fission reactors to produce electricity
uranium 235
46
which mineral is used in pencils and as a solid lubricant
graphite
47
the first large scale commercial geothermal electric power generated facility in the US was brought into production when and where
geysers, california 1960
48
where was the worlds largest tidal electric power generation facility constructed and placed into production
rance river, france
49
which mineral and element used in the manufacture of fiber optic glasses and computer chips
quartz, silicon

Geology (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions