Exam 3

Question 1

What is a flashbulb memory?

Answer 1

Memory for the circumstances in which
you first learned about a very surprising
and emotionally arousing event.

Question 2

is there such a thing as true flashbulb memories?

Answer 2

Research shows that memory
for highly emotional events is not more
accurate than ordinary memories

Question 3

The difference between perception vs. mental imagery (top-down vs. bottom-up)

Answer 3

Perception requires both bottom-up and
top-down processing.

Mental imagery and perception are not
the same

Mental imagery is exclusively top-down in
nature.

Question 4

Mental imagery

Answer 4

the mental representation of stimuli when those stimuli are not physically present in the environment.

Question 5

visual imagery

Answer 5

the mental representation of visual stimuli

Question 6

auditory imagery

Answer 6

the mental representation of auditory stimuli

Question 7

Clinical Psychology- Imagery

Answer 7

Create positive images that replace intrusive,
distressing mental images in PTSD

Question 8

STEM disciplines- Imagery

Answer 8

Spatial ability is a type of visual imagery

Using spatial images in reasoning is really
useful in STEM-related fields

Question 9

The history of mental imagery in the field of psychology

Answer 9

Cognitive Revolution – mental imagery
rediscovered BUT:

1. Mental imagery is difficult to study
2. Not directly observable.
3. Imagery fades quickly

Question 10

How to study mental imagery

Answer 10

If a mental image resembles a physical
object, then people should make
judgments about a mental image in the
the same way that they make judgments about the corresponding physical object.

Question 11

Example of how to study mental imagery

Answer 11

Mental Rotation Task

Question 12

Shepard & Metzler (1971) findings

Answer 12

found that reaction times for deciding whether pairs of figures are the same increased the more they had to mentally rotate the image

Question 13

Analog Code

Answer 13

Involves creating a mental image of an object that closely resembles the actual, perceptual image on your retina.

Question 14

Propositional Code

Answer 14

Involves storing mental images in an abstract, language-like form that does not physically resemble the original stimulus.

Question 15

Pylyshyn

Answer 15

mental images are not a necessary component of imagery