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Psychopharmacology > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

PCPA

A

Irreversible inhibition of TPH

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2
Q

L-DOPA

A

Acts as a precursor to DA, increases synthesis

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3
Q

AMPT

A

Blocks TH, reduces synthesis

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4
Q

Reserpine

A

irreversible, blocks the action of VMAT leading to depletion of 5-HT, DA, and NE and leads to behavioral depression and sedation, can be rescued by administering DOPA

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5
Q

VMAT1

A

Adrenals

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6
Q

VMAT2

A

Int the brain, packages monoamines into vesicles

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7
Q

VAChT

A

packages ACh into vesicles

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8
Q

Vesamicol

A

Stops ACh from getting into vesicles

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9
Q

Paracholroamphetamine

A

drug based on the structure of amphetamine that can stimulate 5-HT release

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10
Q

MDMA/Ecstasy

A

a synthetic amphetamine that effects the release of 5-HT by blocking/reversing SERT (and DAT) and interrupting VMAT2

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11
Q

Fenfluramine

A

based on the structure of amphetamine, a dietary suppressant that blocks/reverses SERT and interupts VMAT2

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12
Q

Single-spiking mode

A

DA firing pattern where action potentials occur at irregular intervals (tonic release)

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13
Q

Burst mode

A

trains of 2-20 spikes at higher frequency (phasic release) lead to transmitter release that is faster than it can be cleared from the synapse, causes EPSP

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14
Q

Varicosities

A

Along the lengths of axons, swellings filled with NT vesicles

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15
Q

Amphetamine (adderall)

A

Blocks reuptake of DA and NE

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16
Q

Methylphenidate (ritalin)

A

blocks reuptake of DA and NE

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17
Q

Tricyclic antidepressants

A

Blocks NE and 5-HT transporters

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18
Q

Cocaine

A

blocks reuptake of all three monoamines

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19
Q

Hemicholinium-3

A

Inhibitor of the choline transporter

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20
Q

5-HIAA

A

Serotonin metabolite

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21
Q

HVA

A

DA metabolite

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22
Q

MHPG

A

NE metabolite in CNS

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23
Q

VMA

A

NE metabolite in PNS

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24
Q

AChE G4

A

soluble enzyme that can float inside of cells

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25
AChE membrane-bound G4
anchored in membrane by tether
26
AChE A12 form
found in neuromuscular junction; collagen tail embeds enzyme into extracellular matrix
27
Nigrostriatal tract
DA axons ascend from substantial nigra to the dorsal striatum; related to motor control and habit formation
28
Mesolimbic dopamine pathway
VTA to limbic system, nucleus accumbens (ventral striatum); reward pathway
29
Mesocortical dopamine pathway
VTA to cortex
30
Tuberohypophyseal DA path
connections from hypothalamus to pituitary gland; regulate the release of hormones
31
6-OHDA lesions
Damage DA pathways
32
Raphe nuclei
dorsal raphe nucleus and median raphe nucleus give rise to most of the seratonergic fibers in the forebrain
33
Cholinergic PNS neuromuscular junction
causes muscles to contract
34
Cholingergic PNS ANS
interneurons for both sympathetic and parasympathetic; activating NT for parasympathetic at organs
35
Cholinergic CNS Striatum
Interneurons for movement regulation
36
Cholinergic CNS Basal forebrain
innervation of cortex, hippocampus, and amygdala; plays a role in cognition (memory and learning)
37
Cholinergic CNS LDTg and PPTg
REM sleep facilitation
38
5-HT3
Ionotropic
39
5-HT1A autoreceptor
auto receptor on soma in raphe nuclei
40
5-HT1A postsynaptic receptor
Hippocampus, amygdala, cortex, septum, BNST
41
5-HT1B or 5-HT1D
auto receptors on the terminal
42
5-HT2A
agonism produces hallucinogenic effects
43
Desensitization
caused by prolonged excitation, receptor becomes inactive; re-sensitizes passively
44
Depolarization block
after prolonged depolarization the membrane potential is lost
45
Sinemet
L-DOPA + carbidopa (peripheral inhibition of AADC); used to treat Parkinsons
46
Apomorphine
D1 and D2 agonist; causes behavioral activation
47
Quinpirole
D2/D3 receptor agonist; increases locomotion
48
Haloperidol and SCH22390
D2 antagonist that causes catalepsy
49
Aripiprazole
antagonist on the postsynaptic neuron and agonist on presynaptic neuron
50
NE locus coeruleus
behavioral arousal/vigilance and enhancement of memory
51
NE PVN
stimulation of feeding
52
NE ANS
Control of internal organs
53
Yohimbine
competitive alpha2 antagonist; increases opioid withdrawal symptoms
54
Clonidine
alpha2 agonist; helps with opioid withdrawal, can treat hypertension
55
Phenylephrine
alpha1 agonist injected into lateral hypothalamic area that increased awake time in rats; had an additive effect with beta agonist isoproterenol
56
Clonidine or guanfacine
enhanced working memory in monkeys
57
Midodrine and metaraminol
alpha1 agonists that treat hypotension
58
Prazosin
alpha1 antagonist; treats hypertension by dilating blood vessels
59
Alpha stimulation
constricts blood vessels in internal organs
60
Beta stimulation
Relaxes smooth muscles of the lungs
61
Albuterol and levalbuterol
beta2 agonists that treat asthma and COPD
62
Propranolol
beta antagonist that treats hypertension, GAD and PTSD
63
5-HT behavioral effects; mood; depression
depressed mood rated greater after dietary depletion of tryptophan
64
5-HT behavioral effects; mood; anxiety
5HT1A KOs increased anxiety like behavior; ontogenetic excitation of dBNST decreases anxiety behavior and vice versa
65
5-HT behavioral effects; mood; aggression
aggression increased in TPH2 knockout mice
66
Fen-Phen
weight loss drug that caused hypertension and heart valve problems
67
NPY neurons
release alpha-MSH hormone that agonizes MC3/4 receptors in PVN; causes anorexigenic effects
68
AgRP neurons
release AgRP that blocks effect of alpha-MSH on MC3/4 receptors causing orexigenic effects
69
Lorcaserin
selective 5-HT2C agonist; developed for the treatment of obesity
70
PNS muscarinic receptors
heart slows (M2) but smooth muscles contract (M3)
71
role of M5 receptors in morphine reward
have a role in activating the reward pathway; administering an M5 negative allosteric modulator decreases voluntary ethanol consumption in rats
72
Atropine
competitive antagonist at M1-M5, stop muscles from contracting; can be used to avoid lethal effects of AChE inhibitors
73
Immunotoxin 192 IgG-saporin
binds selectively to Ash neurons and causes degeneration; suggests ACh is involved in attention
74
Physostigmine
AChE inhibitor leading to depolarization block
75
Neostygmine and pyridostigmine
treats myasthenia gravis, allowing diminished muscle response to be enhanced
76
Sarin
permanent AChE inhibitors
77
Midazolam
defense against seizures
78
Oximes
breaks phosphorylated bond with AChE
79

Psychopharmacology (2 decks)

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