Exam 3

Question 1

What are formal powers (presidency)?

Answer 1

powers granted by the constitution

Question 2

What are asserted powers (presidency)?

Answer 2

president can do it, but there may be pushback

Question 3

What does it mean by head of state (presidency)?

Answer 3

imperial qualities (like a king)

Question 4

What is the constitutional base of the president in the military? What’s the limit?

Answer 4

commander in chief and head of intelligence communications; only Congress can declare war

Question 5

What is the constitutional base of the president judicially?

Answer 5

grant reprieves, pardons, amnesties to individuals and groups ( get out of jail card)

Question 6

What is the constitutional base of the president diplomatically?

Answer 6

receive ambassadors = recognizing countries

Question 7

Which cases expanded the powers of the president? (2)

Answer 7

Curtis Wright (1936)
US vs Pink (1942)

Question 8

What was the ruling in Curtis Wright (1936)?

Answer 8

foreign policy powers can be delegated to the president that’s not accepted domestically

Question 9

What came out of US vs. Pink (1942)?

Answer 9

executive agreements

Question 10

What are executive agreements?

Answer 10

has weight of treaty without the approval of the senate

Question 11

What limited the president’s “imperial power”?

Answer 11

War Powers Act (1973)

Question 12

What was the War Powers Act (1973)?

Answer 12

after 60 days, need congressional approval of certain military activity

Question 13

As head of government, what are the powers/ responsibilities of the president? (3)

Answer 13

ensure all laws are faithfully executed
appoint, remove, supervise executive officers
appointing judges

Question 14

As head of government, what are the powers/ responsibilities of the president in the military? (3)

Answer 14

call national guard
declare state of emergency
provide emergency funding

Question 15

As head of government, what are the powers/ responsibilities of the president in the legislative? (2)

Answer 15

agenda setting
veto a bill

Question 16

Explain the legislative period (1800-1933). (3)

Answer 16

congress more powerful than president
president only in charge of expanding interstate commerce
president couldn’t communicate with citizens technologically

Question 17

What changes happened during the legislative period? (3) What did the changes do?

Answer 17

nominating the president went from a caucus to convention (more democratic voting)
introduction of telegrams and radio helped build coalition
industrial revolution helped build coalition

applied pressure

Question 18

What set off the pressures during the legislative period?

Answer 18

the depression

Question 19

What are formal resources?

Answer 19

legal right

Question 20

What are informal resources?

Answer 20

not stem from the law

Question 21

What are the formal resources of the president? (5)

Answer 21

patronage
cabinet
white house staff
executive office
vice president

Question 22

What is patronage? What are the ways of it? (presidency)

Answer 22

make political appointments; giving people jobs
pick people linked to constituency or advance agenda

Question 23

What is the cabinet? (presidency) Who are the members?

Answer 23

subset of patronage; consist of heads of major departments
department of defense, treasury, etc.

Question 24

Who are the white house staff?

Answer 24

specialized people who are with the president the longest; advisors

Question 25

Who are the people in the executive office?

Answer 25

people who are at the white house permanently; office of management and budget; national security council

Question 26

Who does the office management and budget consists of?

Answer 26

accountants

Question 27

What is the national security council concerned over?

Answer 27

foreign policy

Question 28

What are the two jobs of the vice president?

Answer 28

preside over the senate (part of the senate) wait for the president to pass

Question 29

What are the informal sources of the president? (6)

Answer 29

elections initiative access to media president party groups mass popularity

Question 30

How are elections an important informal resource for the president?

Answer 30

can be a big source of power if win big

Question 31

What is the importance of the initiative as an informal resource?

Answer 31

introduce legislation/policy; initiate action; office management and budget is apart of it - oversee national spending

Question 32

What happens to the president's popularity over time? During a foreign crisis?

Answer 32

decreases; increases

Question 33

What can be said about congress?

Answer 33

1st among equals; independent/unique

Question 34

What was congress's representation of citizen's in 1850? After 1930s?

Answer 34

greater than president; less than the president

Question 35

What's the social composition of congress? (3)

Answer 35

overly protestant more minority rep., but proportionally less compared to society consists of wealthy people (doctors, lawyers, etc.)

Question 36

What's case work?

Answer 36

politician helps with a citizen's problems

Question 37

What are 2 types of direct patronage? (congress)

Answer 37

wasteful program helps district but not country intervention with federal agencies

Question 38

What's the difference between representation of the house and senate?

Answer 38

House: smaller than senate; focus more on local issues Senate: bigger than house; focus more on national issues

Question 39

In the house political party, who selects the minority leader?

Answer 39

majority speaker

Question 40

In the senate political party, who selects the minority leader?

Answer 40

majority leader

Question 41

What's a distinct political party characteristic?

Answer 41

less discipline; more individuality

Question 42

What are the 5 tools of party discipline?

Answer 42

1. access to floor (leadership controls) 2. whip system (enforcer) 3. committee assignments 4. logrolling (vote for each other's bills 5. presidency

Question 43

In the committee system, how are the bills assigned to them?

Answer 43

by subject matter

Question 44

What are 5 characteristics of the committee system?

Answer 44

1. has own membership, staff, jurisdiction 2. jurisdiction= subject matter 3. committees mirror executive level departments 4. subject matter jurisdiction; with leadership descreption 5. each committee unique, not representative of all congress

Question 45

Who are apart of the staff system in congress? (3)

Answer 45

personal committee agencies

Question 46

Who are apart of the agencies in congress staff system? (3)

Answer 46

congressional research service government accountability office - oversee investigations congressional budget office - give insight on spending effects

Question 47

What's the percentage of bills that die in committee?

Answer 47

95%

Question 48

What other congressional powers does congress have? (2)

Answer 48

oversight - hold hearing about people, agencies, etc advice and consent - approve treaties by 2/3 vote; approval for top appointments

Question 49

What does it mean by open rule?

Answer 49

anything can be added

Question 50

What does it mean by close rule? Why is it important?

Answer 50

only stick with the bill; required for bills to pass

Question 51

What does it mean by filibuster?

Answer 51

talk a bill to death

Question 52

What is cloture? How many votes are needed?

Answer 52

override filibuster; 3/5

Question 53

What are the 2 types of laws?

Answer 53

statutory and common

Question 54

What's common law?

Answer 54

judge-made law

Question 55

What's statutory law?

Answer 55

law passes by legislature

Question 56

Who is the plantiff in civil and criminal cases?

Answer 56

civil - individual is plantiff criminal - state is plantiff

Question 57

What are the 2 types of courts?

Answer 57

original jurisdiction and appelate court

Question 58

Describe an original jurisdiction court.

Answer 58

decide the facts; have juries

Question 59

Describe an appelate court.

Answer 59

decide issues of law; no jury

Question 60

What 3 things have to happen in order for something to be called a dispute in court?

Answer 60

1. need to be a case of controversy 2. show injury to self 3. issue can't be mute (already solved)

Question 61

True or False. Most cases happen in state courts.

Answer 61

true

Question 62

Describe a district court (federal jurisdiction)

Answer 62

trial level; have juries; decide facts

Question 63

Describe a circuit court (federal jurisdiction)

Answer 63

appealate court; 3-15 judges; appointed by president

Question 64

Describe the supreme court (federal jurisdiction)

Answer 64

9 justices; has to agree to hear case

Question 65

What's judicial review?

Answer 65

supreme court can review lower court decisions and acts of congress

Question 66

What's state action?

Answer 66

supreme court can review state actions due to supremecy clause

Question 67

How often does original jurisdiction happen in the supreme court? What does it usually involve?

Answer 67

less often; cases between states, foreign ambassadors

Question 68

What are the 2 ways that cases can go to the supreme court?

Answer 68

1. writ of certiorari (cert) 2. writ of habeas corpus

Question 69

Describe writ of certiorari

Answer 69

most cases come by this; usually circuit disputes; 4/9 agree to hear case

Question 70

Describe writ of habeas corpus

Answer 70

criminal appeal; "show me the body"

Question 71

What's opinion writing?

Answer 71

writing the law

Question 72

What are the 2 ways to determine who writes the opinion writing?

Answer 72

1. majority chief justice chooses 2. majority senior member chooses

Question 73

What's the dissenting opinion?

Answer 73

not in majority; roadmap for lawyers to overturn laws

Question 74

Who's the solicitor general? What does that person do?

Answer 74

3rd in command in dept of justice; determines the cases of which supreme court review will be sought by the govt