Exam 3

Question 1

Cognition

Answer 1

Thinking

Question 2

Semantics

Answer 2

refers to the process by which we derive meaning from morphemes and words

Question 3

Tolerance

Answer 3

is linked to physiological dependence, and it occurs when a person requires more and more drug to achieve effects previously experienced at lower doses

Question 4

Confirmation Bias

Answer 4

is the tendency to focus on information that confirms your existing beliefs

Question 5

Functional Fixedness

Answer 5

is the tendency to focus on information that confirms your existing beliefs

Question 6

Hindsight Bias

Answer 6

leads you to believe that the event you just experienced was predictable, even though it really wasn’t. In other words, you knew all along that things would turn out the way they did.

Question 7

Semantic Encoding

Answer 7

the process of converting information into meaningful representations in long-term memory

Question 8

Acoustic Encoding

Answer 8

is the encoding of sounds

Question 8

Retrieval

Answer 8

The act of getting information out of memory storage and back into conscious awareness

Question 9

Perception

Answer 9

refers to the way sensory information is organized, interpreted, and consciously experienced

Question 10

Sensation

Answer 10

When sensory information is detected by a sensory receptor

Question 11

Misinformation Effect Paradigm

Answer 11

after exposure to additional and possibly inaccurate information, a person may misremember the original event

Question 12

Retrograde Amnesia

Answer 12

is loss of memory for events that occurred prior to the trauma

Question 13

Anterograde Amnesia

Answer 13

you cannot remember new information, although you can remember information and events that happened prior to your injury

Question 14

Physical development

Answer 14

involves growth and changes in the body and brain, the senses, motor skills, and health and wellness

Question 15

Object permanence

Answer 15

is the understanding that even if something is out of sight, it still exists

Question 16

Fine motor skills

Answer 16

focus on the muscles in our fingers, toes, and eyes, and enable coordination of small actions

Question 17

Gross motor skills

Answer 17

focus on large muscle groups that control our arms and legs and involve larger movements

Question 18

Negative reinforcement

Answer 18

an undesirable stimulus is removed to increase a behavior

Question 19

Secure attachment style

Answer 19

the toddler prefers his parent over a stranger

Question 20

Avoidant attachment style

Answer 20

the child is unresponsive to the parent, does not use the parent as a secure base, and does not care if the parent leaves

Question 21

Developmental milestones

Answer 21

crawling, walking, writing, dressing, naming colors, speaking in sentences, and starting puberty

Question 22

Amygdala

Answer 22

is involved in our experience of emotion and in tying emotional meaning to our memories