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General Psychology > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Health Psychology

A

integrates psychology with medicine

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2
Q

Stress

A

tension, discomfort and physical symptoms when a situation strains

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3
Q

Stress Response

A

fight or flight (physical and psychological) mobilizes to fight or leave

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4
Q

Holmes and Rahe Social Readjustment Rating Scale

A

score for each life event added together to equal a stress score of life

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5
Q

Hassles

A

minor annoyance/nuisance that strains our ability to cope

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6
Q

General Adaptation Syndrome

A

Hans Selye
stress response system
Alarm, Resistance and Exhaustion

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7
Q

Alarm Phase

A

excites the autonomic nervous system and releases adrenaline and produces physical symptoms of anxiety

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8
Q

Resistance Phase

A

adapt to stressor and find ways to cope

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9
Q

Exhaustion Phase

A

damage to organs, depression and anxiety, immune system breakdown

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10
Q

Sleep

A

7-10 hours for an adult, 60% get less

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11
Q

REM Sleep

A

brain most active, vivid dreaming

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12
Q

Interpreting Dreams (Sigmund Freud)

A

1900 book, manifest and latent content

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13
Q

Manifest Content

A

details of the dream

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14
Q

Latent Content

A

the true meaning of the dream

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15
Q

Activation-Synthesis Hypothesis

A

Hobson, McCarley. dreams reflect brain activation in the pons during sleep while the cortex weaves it into a story

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16
Q

Sleep Disorders

A

30-50% of people have one

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17
Q

Narcolepsy

A

rapid and unexpected onset of sleep

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18
Q

Insomnia

A

difficulty falling or staying asleep

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19
Q

Sleep Apnea

A

blockage of the airways during sleep

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20
Q

Need-To-Belong Theory

A

biological need for interpersonal interactions

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21
Q

Attribution

A

process of assigning causes to behavior

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22
Q

Internal Attributions (Dispositional)

A

enduring characteristics, personality, attitude, intelligence, ext.

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23
Q

Fundamental Attribution Error

A

tendency to over estimate the impact of internal forces on other’s behavior

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24
Q

Conformity

A

tendency to alter beliefs as a result of group pressure

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25
Asch's Studies
wrong sized line in a group setting, everyone said the wrong line, and tested to see it the "subject" would conform to the groups view
26
Obedience
following the instruction of someone with more authority
27
Milgram's Studies
fake shock to a person delivered by a subject under pressure
28
Deindividuation
tendency to engage in uncharacteristic behavior when stripped of their usual identities
29
Stanford Prison Experiment (Zimbardo)
2 weeks of guards and prisoners, ended 8 days early
30
Prosocial Behavior
behavior intended to help others
31
Altruism
helping others for unselfish reasons
32
Bystander Effect
less likely to offer aide when others are around
33
Diffusion of Responsibility
not responsible if other people are around
34
Why we help or not...?
do you know they bystander effect? people who are extraverted or a medical worker are more likely to help
35
Attitude
behavior plus an emotional component
36
Cognitive Dissonance Theory
unpleasant mental tension resulting from 2 conflicting beliefs
37
Groupthink
emphasis on group unanimity at the expense of critical thinking and good decision making
38
Prejudice
drawing conclusions prior to evaluating any evidence
39
Ingroup Prejudice
favor those in our group over those out of it
40
Outgroup Prejudice
all those in the outgroup are similar
41
Discrimination
negative behavior towards those in the outgroup
42
Sterotypes
belief that a characteristic is present in all members of a group
43
Personality
stable tendency's that influence how we respond to our environment
44
Twin Studies
identical twins are much closer to each other than fraternal twins, same if they were raised together or apart
45
Personality Traits
relatively enduring predisposition that influences our behavior
46
The Big Five
5 most common traits of personality
47
OCEAN
``` openness to experiences conscientiousness extraversion agreeableness neuroticism ```
48
Psychic Determinism
the assumption that all psychological events have cause
49
Id
most primitive impulses, sex/aggression
50
Ego
executive/principal decision maker
51
Superego
sense of morality
52
Conscious
contact with the outside world
53
Unconscious
difficult to retrieve, below the surface of consciousness
54
Defense Mechanism
unconscious maneuver intended to minimize anxiety
55
Repression
motivated forgetting of emotionally threatening memories and impulses
56
Denial
motivated forgetting of experiences
57
Projection
unconscious attribution of our negative qualities to others
58
Rationalization
reasonably sounding explanation for unreasonable behavior
59
Social Learning View of Personality
thinking is the cause of our personality
60
Locus of Control
reinforcers and punishers that lay inside and outside our control
61
Internal Locus of Control
life events happen due to our action
62
External Locus of Control
life events happen due to chance or fate
63
Humanistic Psychology
believes in free will
64
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
bottom needs need to be fulfilled before any higher needs can be
65
Self Actualization
drive to achieve ones fullest potential
66
Carl Rogers
humanistic theorist 1902-1987
67
Conditions of Worth
expectations of ourselves for appropriate and inappropriate behavior
68
Statistical Rarity of Mental Illness
schizophrenia is uncommon while things like depression are common, so it is hard to tell
69
Subjective Distress
some but not all mental illnesses show distress
70
Impairment
most interfere with some day to day activities to some degree
71
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
continual worry, anxiety, physical tension and irritability
72
Panic Disorder
repeated and unexpected attacks marked by constant concerns about the future
73
Agoraphobia
fear of a situation where escape would be difficult or embarrassing
74
Phobia
intense fear that's greatly out of proportion to the actual threat
75
Social Phobia
fear of public appearances where embarrassment is possible
76
Claustrophobia
fear of no escape or small spaces
77
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
at least one hour per day repeated and lengthy obsessions of compulsions
78
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
emotional disturbances after severely stressful event
79
Major Depressive Disorder
weight loss, sleep loss, depressed mood and diminished interest in pleasurable activities
80
Bipolar Disorder
at least one manic episode and 90% have another
81
Schizophrenia
disorder of thoughts and emotions because of loss of reality
82
Delusions
strong fixed beliefs with no basis in reality
83
Hallucinations
sensory perception with no external stimuli
84
Disorganized Speech
skips topics disjointly, word salad

General Psychology (3 decks)

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