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Music History II > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

(71 cards)

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1
Q

Claude Debussy

A

Leading impressionist, early Wagnerian, Nuage, Prelude a l’après midi d’un faune, chord streaming and planing, chromatic

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2
Q

Sigmund Freud

A

Psychologist impacted Expressionism and Primitivism

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3
Q

Primitivism

A

Underlying influence in the human, primitive ways and ugliness

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4
Q

Richard Strauss

A

Salome based on Wilde, psychosis

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5
Q

Stravinsky

A

Primitivism Russian, Rite of Spring

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6
Q

Sergei Diaghilev

A

Ballet impresario sponsored Stravinsky

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7
Q

Impressionism

A

From Monet’s Impression: Sunrise, captures first glances rather than detail, blurring of light, related to literary Symbolism

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8
Q

Expressionism

A

Ugly, human depths stream of consciousness, clashing, Kandinsky, Schoenberg

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9
Q

Wassily Kandinsky

A

Painted Schoenberg

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10
Q

Synesthesia

A

Mixing senses

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11
Q

Second Viennese School

A

Schoenberg, Berg, atonality

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12
Q

Arnold Schoenberg

A

Twelve tone serialism, Pierrot Lunaire , Sprechstimme, pantonalism

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13
Q

Alban Berg

A

Wozzeck, 5 movement symphony, Schoenberg’s student

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14
Q

Anton Webern

A

Shoenbergs student, serialism in organization from klangfarbenmelodie, musically economical

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15
Q

Charles Ives

A

Insurance clerk, all sounds beautiful, Concord Sonata, American, musical kid

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16
Q

Modernism

A

post WW1, newness and futuristic ideals, serialism, electronic

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17
Q

Neoclassicism

A

return to Classical forms and textures, Satie, late Stravinsky

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18
Q

Les Six

A

neoclassical objectivity and tonality: Louis Durey, Arthur Honegger, Darius Milhaud, Germaine Tailleferre, Francis Pouenc, Georges Auric

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19
Q

Paul Hindemith

A

unified movements (science, modernism, neoclassicism) within his music, spatial chord relationships, Mathis der Maler, German progressivism

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20
Q

Gebrachmusik

A

practical music by Hindemith, also Bartok, pragmatism over self-expression

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21
Q

Bela Bartok

A

first big ethnomusicologist, researched folk tunes and fused with West

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22
Q

socialist realism

A

Shostakovich, Prokofiev, Soviet Union and everybody can listen to good music! Art should appeal to and glorify the common people

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23
Q

Dimitri Shostakovich

A

Lady Macbeth, Symphony no.5,

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24
Q

Dimitri Shostakovich

A

Lady Macbeth, Symphony no.5, tension with Soviets

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25
Nadia Boulanger
French composition teacher, taught Aaron Copland's generation
26
Aaron Copland
American composer, Rodeo, Appalachian Spring, Billy the Kid
27
Martha Graham
choreographed Appalachian Spring
28
William Grant Still
first major African American composer, Afro-American Symphony
29
George Gershwin
classical jazz fusion, American twang
30
Total Control
rigid new music embodied by the limits of total serialism
31
Olivier Messiaen
serial composer, religious themes, avant-garde
32
Musique concrete
early electronic music marked by tape recorders and outside sound collection
33
Musique concrete
early electronic music marked by tape recorders and outside sound collection
34
Darmstadt School
Stockhausen's total control serialism school, Kontra-Punkte for chamber orchestra
35
Karlheinz Stockhausen
total serialism, German serialist and later postmodernist
36
Milton Babbitt
American serial and electronic composer
37
John Cage
indeterminate/aleatoric composer, pushed boundaries of sound
38
intdeterminacy/aleatoric process
giving freedom of certain elements of music, commonly thought as essential to predetermine (form, tone, etc.)
39
postmodernism
accepts a variety of styles and does not accept one over the other, rejecting modernism
40
minimalism
transcendent aesthetic, using the least amount of notes possible to express the idea
41
Ellen Taaffe Zwilich
Peanuts, Symphony No. 1 Pulitzer Prize, postmodernist
42
Steve Reich
minimalist, electronic and live performances, Piano Phase, Come Out
43
Phillip Glass
minimalist, Einstein on the Beach
44
John Luther Adams
minimalist, Nixon in China, The Place Where You Go to Listen, soundscape playing
45
Bebop
virtuosic freedom and liberal harmonies, Charlie Parker, Dizzy Gillespie, Theolonious Monk
46
Cool Jazz
intimate, laid back and blended sound, Miles Davis, Stan Kenton, Dave Brubeck
47
Dixieland
New Orleans, banjo, tuba, double bass, solo winds (inc. clarinet), straightforward harmonies, improv, African American blues influence
48
Big Band Jazz
classic swing, large ensemble, Benny Goodman, Count Basie, Duke Ellington, Billie Holiday, Ella Fitzgerald
49
Second New England School
German influence, American folk and subcultures: George Chadwick, Edward MacDowell, Horatio Parker, Amy Beach, John Knowles Paine, Arthur Foote
50
The Mighty Five
incorporated folk and nationalist styles: Alexander Borodin, Cesar Cui, Mily Balakirev, Modest Mussorgsky, Nicolai Rimsky-Korsakov
51
Verismo
Italian realist opera, lots of stabbing, violent contrasts | -Cavalleria rusticana (Mascagni), I pagliacci, La Boheme (puccini)
52
Johannes Brahms
German composer trained in traditions of Mendelssohn and Schumann, traditional forms and styles on steroids, counterpoint master, anti-New German School poster child
53
Richard Wagner
New German school, gesamtkunstwerk (universal collective artwork), leitmotiv/grundthemen, Oper und Drama, The Ring, Gotterdammerung, Tristan und Isolde
54
symphonic poem
poems expressed in tones rather than words, Lisztian single-movement orchestral works with programmatic material
55
New German School
Lizst and Wagner, expression over structure
56
New German School
Lizst and Wagner, expression over structure
57
Program Symphony
Berlioz, idee fixe, Symphonie fanastique, contains programmatic content with music
58
Felix Mendelssohn
German, orchestral music, concert overture (like opera overture with classical sonata or symphonic poem form)
59
Frederic Chopin
Polish/French, played at salons, incorporated native dances (mazurka, polonaise), lyrical, chromatic harmonic overloading, fluid
60
Franz Liszt
Hungarian piano virtuoso, tours, regulated solo recital
61
Giuseppe Verdi
Romantic Italian opera, librettos from literary sources (Hugo, Byron, Schiller, Shakespeare) and Francesco Piave, emotional situations reflect life (father figure and dead family), La Traviata, Nabucco
62
French Grand Opera
more Romantic, elaborate sets, costumes and stage effects, Meyerbeer, Auber
63
Bel Canto
beautiful singing, embellished melodies and improvisational cadenzas, emphasizes vocal agility and technique
64
Carl Maria von Weber
German Romantic opera, Dresden, Der Freischutz (the free marksman)
65
song cycle
collection of songs unified in theme and progression
66
Robert Schumann
German composer and journalist, Neue Zeitschrift fur Musik (New Music Journal), discusses music and literary form via Davidsbundler
67
Franz Schubert
Viennese composer, piano, chamber, symphony, music=text in lied, Die shone Mulerin, Erlkonig
68
Lied
German art songs, strophic
69
Divertimento
less formal entertainment situations for nobles, small suites
70
Divertimento
less formal entertainment situations for nobles, small suites
71
Divertimento
less formal entertainment situations for nobles, small suites

Music History II (2 decks)

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