Exam #3 & #4: Infection Process

Question 0

What is the abnormal state in which all or part of the body does not function correctly?

Answer 0

Disease

Question 1

What is the study of disease that emphasizes the relationship of the pathogenic & physiologic aspects of the disease and the fundamentals of treatment?

Answer 1

Pathophysiology

Question 2

What is the cause or origin of the disease?

Answer 2

Etiology

Question 3

What are self originating/ without known cause?

Answer 3

Idiopathic

Question 4

What is the range of occurrence & tendency to affect certain groups (e.g gender, geographical location)?

Answer 4

Incidence

Question 5

What is severe but usually short lasting?

Answer 5

Acute

Question 6

What is less severe but long lasting or recurring?

Answer 6

Chronic

Question 7

Smsmsms

Answer 7

,ALS,sl

Question 8

What can be transmitted from one individual to another?

Answer 8

Communicable

Question 9

What effects many people in the same regions at the same time?

Answer 9

Epidemic

Question 10

What continuously affects some people in a particular regions?

Answer 10

Endemic

Question 11

What is prevalent through out an entire country, continent, or the world?

Answer 11

Pandemic

Question 13

SHORT ANSWER

What are hospital healthcare acquired infection?

Answer 13

Nosocomial infection

Question 14

SHORT ANSWER

What is community acquired infection?

Answer 14

An infection that occurs outside a healthcare facility or is present upon admittance.

Question 15

What is the most surgical infections occur due to contamination during the procedure & staphylococcus aureus is the pathogen that leads in percentage?

Answer 15

Surgical site infection (SSI)

Question 16

What is the conditions noted by the PT (subjective)?

Answer 16

Symptoms

Question 17

What are conditions noted by the healthcare provider (objective)?

Answer 17

Signs

Question 18

What are factual information concerning the PT (e.g laboratory studies, diagnostic imaging)?

Answer 18

Tests

Question 19

What is the prediction of the probable outcome of the disease (based on the CONDITION of the patient & the expected COURSE of the disease)?

Answer 19

Prognosis

Question 20

What contamination of a person or objects by another person or object?

Answer 20

Cross contamination

Question 21

What is the primary source of airborne bacteria?

Answer 21

Airborne

Question 22

What kind of infection would it be of an OR light handle drops into an open wound?

Answer 22

Direct contact transmission

Question 23

What is antisepsis?

Answer 23

Most but not all microorganisms located on animate objects are destroyed.

Question 24

What is disinfection?

Answer 24

Process in which most but not all microorganisms including spores on inanimate objects are destroyed.

Question 25

What is Sterilization?

Answer 25

Destruction of all microorganisms including spores on inanimate objects are destroyed.

Question 26

What is the #1 recommended method to stop spread of infection?

Answer 26

Hand washing

Question 27

What is when microbes & infection are absent?

Answer 27

Sterile

Question 28

What is the multiplication of organisms in tissue?

Answer 28

Infection

Question 29

What is often referred to as the "final line of defense?"

Answer 29

Immune system

Question 30

What is an bloodbourne pathogen that puts healthcare workers at risk?

Answer 30

Hepatitis C

Question 31

What is normally resides in the lumen of the intestine?

Answer 31

Escherichia Coli

Question 32

What is the physical removal if body fluids, blood & gross debris from B inanimate object?

Answer 32

Mechanical cleaning of inanimate objects

Question 33

What should be used when stainless steel instruments are manually cleaned to avoid scratching the surface of the instruments?

Answer 33

Back and forth motion

Question 34

Prior to the end of the case instruments should ____ be soaked in; saline will put the stainless steel?

Answer 34

NOT

Question 35

What can be used as a presto along solution but one limitation: it is ineffective at removing dried debris?

Answer 35

Water

Question 36

What product is a type of chemical cleaner that is least corrosive to Surgical instruments?

Answer 36

Neutral pH product

Question 37

What is usually used as a soaking solution & is a catalyst used to aid in breakdown of organic material such as?

Answer 37

Enzyme; blood & tissue

Question 38

What in the OR suite has higher pressure inside that outside the OR in order to force microbes out?

Answer 38

Positive air pressure

Question 39

What is the process by which bacteria divide?

Answer 39

Binary fission

Question 40

What classification that is given to bacteria that can survive in an environment with or with out oxygen?

Answer 40

Facultative anaerobes

Question 41

What requires oxygen to sustain life?

Answer 41

Aerobic bacteria

Question 42

What bacteria grown best in high concentration of carbon dioxide?

Answer 42

Caprophiles

Question 43

What is identified by their shape and form?

Answer 43

Bacteria

Question 44

What are portals if entry for organisms?

Answer 44

Insect bites

Question 45

What is the most common infections occur due to contamination during the procedure & staphylococcus aureus is the pathogen that leads in percentage?

Answer 45

Surgical site infection (SSI)

Question 46

***SHORT ANSWER*** | What is a Surgical Site Infection?

Answer 46

An infection due to break in sterility during surgery

Question 47

The surgical site should be shaved with clippers instead of a razor which creates microscopic cuts in the skin that can harbor microbes?

Answer 47

Nosocomial Infection

Question 48

What contamination of a person or object by another person or object?

Answer 48

Cross contamination

Question 49

Who is the primary source of airborne bacteria in the OR?

Answer 49

Surgical Team '

Question 50

What method is used to prevent contamination of the sterile field?

Answer 50

Sterile technique

Question 51

What is the basis for the practice of strict adherence to sterile technique?

Answer 51

Surgical conscience

Question 52

What is recommended to be avoided?

Answer 52

Immediate use sterilization

Question 53

What are suture scissors or implants?

Answer 53

Critical

Question 54

What are vaginal speculum?

Answer 54

Semi-critical

Question 55

What are mayo stands, blood pressure cuffs, and infant incubator?

Answer 55

Non critical

Question 56

What are influences the efficiency of disinfectant?

Answer 56

1. Contact time | 2. Amount of bioburden

Question 57

What is the # of microbes or organic debris that exist at a given time?

Answer 57

Bioburden

Question 58

What is the process that ensures that all microorganisms, including spores, are killed?

Answer 58

Sterilization

Question 59

What may be appropriate for semi-critical items & low level disinfection may be appropriate for non-critical items?

Answer 59

Intermediate level disinfection

Question 59

What are the 3 physical factors that affect the efficiency of disinfection?

Answer 59

1. Temperature 2. Bioburden 3. Time

Question 59

What requires a minimum exposure time of 20 mins to disinfect an item?

Answer 59

Glutaralhyde

Question 59

What are 6 factors that increase the risk of surgical site infections?

Answer 59

1. Age 2. Health 3. Obesity 4. Smoking 5. Malignancy 6. Infections

Question 59

What bacteria resides naturally within the human body, and cause no disease unless the opportunity arises?

Answer 59

Opportunist

Question 59

When do both organisms benefit from & depend on one another to a certain extent?

Answer 59

Mutualism

Question 60

When is it when one organism benefits & the host is harmed?

Answer 60

Parasitism

Question 61

what are microbes that live on the skin & inside the human body?

Answer 61

Indigenous

Question 62

What is a non living particle that is completely reliant on the host cell for survival?

Answer 62

Virus

Question 63

Surgical masks should? (3)

Answer 63

1. Should be on or off 2. Should be changed between all cases 3. Should be handled by the strings

Question 64

What should not be worn if the PT is latex sensitive?

Answer 64

Latex gloves

Question 65

What is used when prepping PTs skin for urinary catheterization?

Answer 65

Open-glove technique

Question 66

What are types of good coverings?

Answer 66

Caps & hoods

Question 67

Instrument preparation begins after decontamination & involves the following steps?

Answer 67

1. Inspection 2. Reassembly 3. Preparation

Question 68

What is a dormant structure that some bacteria form to survive adverse environmental conditions?

Answer 68

Spore

Question 69

What provides a large table, sterile area for initial preparation & stage of drapes, supplies, irrigation, medicines and instruments?

Answer 69

Back table

Question 70

What can be thrown away?

Answer 70

Torn or perforated or west disposable supplies

Question 71

What is used to remove small organic particles & soul from areas of instruments that are difficult to clean manually?

Answer 71

Ultrasonic washer also known as a mechanical decontamination unit

Question 72

What would be the best suites for processing those instruments that have been exposed to clostridium?

Answer 72

Pre-vac ( pre-vacuum sterilization)

Question 73

What operates @ a minimum cycle time of 4 mins @ 270 degrees F for wrapped items?

Answer 73

Dynamic air removal steam sterilizer

Question 74

What enters the sterilization chamber during exposure phase of Pre-vacuum steam sterilization?

Answer 74

Steam

Question 75

What must be done To prevent the formation of condensation rested basins?

Answer 75

Separate the basins with a towel

Question 76

What does NOT render instrument sterile?

Answer 76

Washer decontaminator

Question 77

What are advantages to using non woven materials?:

Answer 77

1. Excellent barrier properties 2. Impervious to moisture 3. Lint free

Question 78

After laundering, woven fabrics should be stored at a temperature of _____ a and humidity of _____ for at least ___ hours to rehydrate the fabrics?

Answer 78

* 68-70 degrees F * 30-60% * 2 hours

Question 79

The ____ date should be used when preparing packages for sterilization?

Answer 79

Julien | Ex: Feb 27th= 58 & Mar 5th= 64