Exam 3

Question 1

Constriction of afferent arterioles in the kidneys result in:

a. A decrease in GFR
b. An increase in glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure
c. An increase in GFR
d. Answers a and b
e. Answers b and c

Answer 1

a. A decrease in GFR

Question 2

Which of the following correctly distinguishes between the descending loop of henle (DLH) and the ascending loop of Henle (ALH):

a. Na is reabsorbed in the DLH but not in the ALH
b. Water is easily cross the epithelial layer of the ALH but not of the DLH
c. K is secreted in the ALH but not in the DHL
d. The tubular fluid entering theDHL is hyper-osmotic and the tubular fluid leaving the ALH is isotonic
e. None

Answer 2

e. None

Question 3

How many 2 L soda bottles of water do the kidneys in a healthy person filter per day?

a. 1
b. 10
c. 50
d. 90
e. 120

Answer 3

d. 90

Question 4

Which of the following statements regarding protein digestion and absorption is TRUE?

a. Only the exocrine pancreas produces enzymes that can digest proteins.
b. Pepsin digests preotein mainly in small intestine
c. The enzymes that digest protein are secreted in active form.
d. Free amino acids and dipeptides are absorbed from the lumen into small intestinal epithelial cells.
e. none of the above

Answer 4

Free amino acids and dipeptides are absorbed from the lumen into small intestinal epithelial cells.

Question 5

Which gastric product is affected by a positive feedback mechanism>

a. Intrinsic factir
b. CCK
c. bicarbonate
d. pepsin
e. none of the above

Answer 5

d. pepsin

Question 6

What second messenger most directly causes calcium ions to be released from intracellular stores?

a. diacylglycerol
b. adenylul cyclase
c. inositol triphosphate
d. phospholipase A
e. phospholipase C

Answer 6

c. inositol triphosphate

Question 7

Which hormone binds to a membrane receptor that does NOT require activation of a G-protein?

a. thyroxine
b. aldosterone
c. glucagon
d. insulin

Answer 7

d. insulin

Question 8

A hormone can cause more than one response in a target cell because

a. various target cells have different neurotransmitters
b. each hormone knows how it fits into the body’s master plan.
c. various target cells differ in their receptors to the same hormone
d. the circulatory system regulates responses to hormones by routing certain hormones to specific targets.
e. the hormone is chemically altered in different ways as it travels through different branches of the circulatory system.

Answer 8

c. various target cells differ in their receptors to the same hormone

Question 9

Glucagon

a. primary affects the liver
b. causes glycogen to be stored
c. causes blood glucose levels to decrease
d. decreases lipid metabolism
e. performs all of these functions

Answer 9

a. primarily affects the liver

Question 10

Which hormone(s) stimulate(s) food intake via the hypothalamus?

a. insulin
b. ghrelin
c. GIP
d. PYY

Answer 10

b. ghrelin

Question 11

In the gastric phase of the stomach controls

a. the release of gastrin in the stomach is inhibited
b. CCK is secreted from G cells stimulating H production
c. GIP is secreted from chief cells stimulating release of intrinsic factor
d. parietal cells absorb bicarbonate to assists in the digestion of proteins.
e. none of the above

Answer 11

e. none of the above

Question 12

Chylomicrons

a. are synthesized in intestinal epithelial cells
b. enter capillaries in the small intestine
c. help emulsifying fats
d. are a rich source of carbohydrate
e. are synthesized in the lumen of the small intestines.

Answer 12

a. are synthesized in intestinal epithelial cells.