Exam 3

Question 1

Heterocysts

Answer 1

• a large, transparent, thick-walled cell found in the filaments of certain blue-green algae and in certain fungi
• Cyanobacteria-can fix nitrogen in specialized cells

Question 2

Protozoa

Answer 2

Lack cell walls

Question 3

Pellicle

Answer 3

Outer covering-thick, elastic membrane

Question 4

Contractile vacuoles

Answer 4

Help pump excess water from the cell and allow Protozoa to live in low-solute environments

Question 5

Amoeba

Answer 5

• Move via pseudopods

- have contractile vacuole

Question 6

Euglenozoa

euglena

Answer 6

• have one or more flagella
• cytosome
• pellicle
• contractile vacuole
• PHOTOSYNTHETIC

Question 7

Paramecium

Ciliates

Answer 7

• contain many cilia around the body
• contractile vacuole
• pellicle
• cytosome

Question 8

Oral groove

Answer 8

Where food is taken in

Question 9

Cytosome

Answer 9

Mouth where food is taken in through

Question 10

Apicomplexa

Answer 10

• Nonmotile, obligate intracellular parasites
• parasitic Protists
• complex life cycle to ensure transmission to new hosts

Question 11

Etiological agent

Answer 11

• Cause of an infectious disease

- microorganisms are wide variety of infectious disease

Question 12

Pathogen/pathogenesis

Answer 12

• Microbes that cause disease

- process of disease initiation and progress

Question 13

Virulence

Answer 13

The degree of pathogenicity

Question 14

Susceptibility

Answer 14

Whether a disease occurs in a host

Question 15

Koch’s postulate

Answer 15

Way to identify a particular organism as the causative agent for a particular disease

Question 16

Koch postulate #1

Answer 16

Same organism must be present in every case of the disease

Question 17

Koch postulate #2

Answer 17

Organism must be isolated from diseased tissue and grown in pure culture in vitro

Question 18

Koch postulate #3

Answer 18

Organism from the pure culture must cause the disease when inoculated into a healthy, susceptible lab organism

Question 19

Koch postulate #4

Answer 19

Organism must again be isolated- this time from the inoculated organism- and must be shown to be the same pathogen as original organism

Question 20

PDA plate

Answer 20

Potato dextrose agar
Used for diseased tomato in our lab
-use lactophenol cotton blue for wet mount

Question 21

Coliforms

Answer 21

• aerobic or facultative anaerobic
• rod shaped
• gram-negative
• non-endospore forming
• ferment lactose with acid and gas production within 48 hours

Question 22

Fecal coliform

Answer 22

Facultative anaerobic 
Rod shaped
Gram negative
Non sporulating bacterium 
Enterococci or E.Coli

Question 23

Endo agar

Answer 23

• Selective (contains sodium lauryl sulfate)
• inhibits growth of gram positive bacterium
• differential (contains lactose)
• positive result: bacteria fermenting lactose will appear as red with green metallic sheen colonies
• tests for E.coli

Question 24

Enterococcus agar

Answer 24

• selective (sodium azide) inhibits growth of gram negative bacteria
• differential (dye TTC- triphenyltetrazolium) used by bacteria to produce pink to red colonies
• tests for enterococci

Question 25

MPN ( most probable number) | Presumptive test

Answer 25

- Number of coliforms is detected by statistical estimation | - coliforms per 100ml of water

Question 26

MUG agar plate | 4-methylumbelliferone glucuronide

Answer 26

- E.coli produce enzyme beta-glucuronidase | - fluorescent compound visible under UV light (positive for E.Coli)

Question 27

Bioremediation

Answer 27

Use of bacteria to eliminate pollutants

Question 28

Bioenhancement

Answer 28

Nitrogen and phosphorus plant fertilizers added

Question 29

Bioremediation agar plate

Answer 29

Hydrocarbon-minimal salts agar

Question 30

Bioremediation enrichment medium

Answer 30

Hydrocarbon-minimal salts broth with soil slurry (gas station, pond, or shed (parking lot) incubated for one week

Question 31

Hydrocarbon used in experiment

Answer 31

- gasoline - enzymes are secreted by bacteria which breakdown hydrocarbon in the agar - positive result: clearings/zones formed around colonies

Question 32

Which prepared organism is a part of the phylum Apicomplexa

Answer 32

Plasmodium

Question 33

Spirogyra

Answer 33

Algae

Question 34

Diatoms

Answer 34

Algae

Question 35

Oscillatoria

Answer 35

Cyanobacteria

Question 36

Volvox

Answer 36

Algae

Question 37

Chlamydomonas

Answer 37

Algae