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Poultry Production > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

(56 cards)

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1
Q

Eutrophication

A

The process by which a body of water becomes enriched in dissolved nutrients that stimulate the growth of aquatic plant life, usually resulting in depletion of dissolved oxygen

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2
Q

Keratoconjunctivitis

A

Inflammation of the cornea and conjunctiva

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3
Q

Conjunctiva

A

Mucus membrane inner surface of the eyelid

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4
Q

The most critical time for proper management in grow-out

A

The first week

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5
Q

Cargill grow out house dimensions

A

700 ft long by 63 ft wide

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6
Q

Cargill products

A

Whole birds, case-ready products, deli meats, ground turkey, sausages, wings and tenders

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7
Q

How long should feed be withheld from broilers before capturing?

A

8-12 hours

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8
Q

When is the best time to catch birds and why?

A

Early morning or late evening, because it minimizes stress

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9
Q

How long is the ideal trip from grow out to processing plant?

A

No more than 2 hours

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10
Q

Stunning knife purpose and voltage

A

Renders bird unconscious, uses 110 volts

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11
Q

How long does exsanguination take?

A

1.5-3 minutes

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12
Q

What happens if scalding water is too hot or too cold?

A

Too hot - skin will tear in plucker

Too cold - feathers will not loosen

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13
Q

Hard scald

A

138-148 degrees F, 35-75 seconds

Removes outer layer of skin

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14
Q

Soft scald

A

123-130 degrees F, 90-120 seconds

Keeps skin intact

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15
Q

How long does it take a drum plucker to pluck 2-3 birds?

A

Only 30-60 seconds

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16
Q

First step in evisceration

A

Remove head, feet, and oil glands

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17
Q

Which organs to remove during evisceration? Which stays in the body?

A

Intestines, gizzard, proventriculus, esophagus, liver, gallbladder, lungs. Kidneys remain

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18
Q

What should we do to a carcass after evisceration?

A

Thoroughly wash with cool water

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19
Q

Within what time frame should a 4 lb, 4-8 lb, and 8+ lb bird be chilled to 40 degrees F?

A

Within 4 hours for 4 lb bird
Within 6 hours for 4-8 lb bird
Within 8 hours for anything greater than 8 lbs

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20
Q

What are the five welfare freedoms?

A

Freedom from hunger and thirst; from discomfort; from pain, injury, and disease; to express natural behavior; and freedom from fear and stress

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21
Q

Bioethics principles

A

Do no harm and do beneficial things

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22
Q

Ethical goals for agriculture

A

QQP - quantity, quality, price

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23
Q

Animal health and well being for 3 different cage systems

Study These Flashcards
A

Aviary - cannibalization, high mortality, keel bone damage, better bone integrity
Enriched colony - less dirty, best nest use, best hen/day production
Conventional - highest incidence of foot problems, lowest bone quality

24
Q

Food safety and quality of 3 different cage systems

Study These Flashcards
A

Aviary - highest microbial activity, highest coliform content of eggs
Enriched colony - 2nd highest microbial levels
Conventional - egg quality not impacted

25
Environmental impact of 3 different cage systems
Aviary - highest ammonia levels, highest particulate conditions Enriched colony - NSD Conventional - lowest ammonia levels, lowest particulate conditions
26
Worker health and safety of 3 different cage systems
Aviary - short term respiration issues, ergonomic challenge Enriched colony - NSD Conventional - NS
27
Food affordability
Aviary - 179% price increase from conventional Enriched colony - 106% price increase from conventional Conventional - best
28
Critical factors of broiler management
Sanitation, temperature, feed, water, ventilation, lighting, density, vaccination
29
Tunnel ventilation target air speed
600-900 feet/minute
30
Sensible heat loss
Heat dissipated by birds through heat transfer to air; causes increase in house air TEMP (40% of total barn heat)
31
Latent heat loss
Heat lost from bird through evaporation of moisture from its respiratory; causes increase in house HUMIDITY (60% of total barn heat)
32
How foggers and misters work
Water absorbs heat energy and evaporates, reducing the temp
33
Foggers and mister concerns
Saturated barn air, more than 70%; counterproductive to bird's ability for evaporative respiratory cooling; 2500 gal water/day
34
Feeding efficiency concerns
Feed wastage, ingredient separation, feed quality effects, hygienic concerns
35
GRP silo/bin
Glass-fiber reinforced polyester; low maintenance, less condensation, no corrosion, often transparent; high purchase price, prone to chipping, vitamin oxidation
36
Sheet metal silo/bin
Cheap, does not allow sunlight in; higher maintenance, condensation can occur, difficult to see how much food is left
37
Moisture migration
1. Heat loss is prevalent at outside edge of bin 2. Cool air falls, displaces warm air, picks up moisture from warm core as it passes through 3. Warm, moist air begins to cool as it approaches the top, allowing the cycle to continue 4. Spoilage at grain surface is often the result
38
Max number of days food should be stored in silos
7 days
39
What can help condensation problems?
Feed inlet pipe and air outlet pipe; pneumatically conveyed
40
Max exit angle of discharge auger
40 degrees
41
Minimum hopper slope angle
60 degrees
42
One large bin vs. two smaller bins
One large - less expensive Two small - emptied on regular basis, management benefits, one may be empty for cleaning/maintenance while the other is being used
43
Level food trough should be in the grow house and why
At the height of the bird's back; to allow majority of birds to reach but high enough to prevent feed wastage
44
How should feed be delivered in the grow house?
Little and often to maintain a low, even depth
45
Goal of feeding chicks and how that's accomplished
Becoming familiar with feeding system; by using high volumes of feed (accessibility outweighs wastage)
46
Tube feeder
Storage hopper at end of building, overhead conveyer, feed can be distributed almost anywhere in the house; have been replaced by small pan feeders
47
Pan feeders
Storage hopper at end of building, series connection, overhead conveyer
48
Chain feeders
Storage hopper, series connection; more difficult than pan feeders - more pellet breakdown, ingredient separation; can lower FCR when managed properly
49
For the first few days, how much of brooding area should feed be provided over?
20%
50
How much feed is provided and why?
Ad libitum = without restraint; to allow rapid development to market size and ease of management
51
What drugs are used for sedating the birds?
Sodium pentabarbitol, Lidocaine, and Penicillin
52
What equipment is needed for a cecectomy?
A #10 blade on #3 handle, syringe, Iris surgical scissors, hemostats, Allis tissue forceps, tweezers, reverse cutting needle and sutures.
53
How much of Sodium Pentabarbitol is injected into a bird before surgery?
25mg/kg Body weight
54
In what order are the a aesthetics used?
Sodium pentabarbitol first - deep unconscious sleep | Lidocaine 2nd - local anesthesia for skin and muscle
55
How long should the incision be?
1.5-2.0inch long
56
When do you use Penicillin in the cecectomy
Before Suturing and after, intramuscularly, to prevent post operative infection

Poultry Production (2 decks)

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