exam 3 Flashcards
(22 cards)
What is ageism?
stereotype/discrimination against people that are older.
EX: elders are not being treated for urinary incontinence, people are commenting about an older adult being confused because they’re old, issues related to driving because their old, cognition is assumed to be related to elder
What elderly individual will you most likely encounter?
- White Female
- Widowed
- 65 and older
- Women often marry older men
- life exp. is highest in white women
Todays older people are ususally…..
- children of the great depression
- parents of the baby boomers
- most had illnessess such as measles, mumps, chicken pox, whooping cough
- many have a pigeon chest due to a low vitamin D deficiency
- have a goter or myxedema due to iodine deficiency
What are the 4 elder subgroups and why do they matter?
Young old- 65-74
Middle old- 75-84
Old old- 85-99
Elite old- 100 +
- Subgroups do not necessarily matter when providing care to a paient, however they help to determine the activities of daily living that one may be able to accomplish.
- Functional aging is a more essential measurement than chronological aging
Elderspeak
- Talking to an elder assuming they may be hard of hearing so you shout or raise your voice and talk slower to them.
- Using phrases such as “hey sweetie or honey”
- Ignoring an elder and talking to others as if the elder was not present
Biological Theory includes:
Error theories (wear and tear, cross linkage and oxidative stress free radicals)
programmed aging (neuroendocrine, immunity)
Neuroendocrine theory
aging is a programmed decline in function of nervous, endocrine system, immune system..Cells do not die but they do not replicate or reproduce
Immunity theory
accumulation of damage or decline in the function of the immune system
EX: autoimmune disorders like rheumatoid arthritis
BE SURE TO PROMOTE HEALTHY AGING BY:: MINIMIZING POTENTIAL FOR INFECTION BY IMMUNIZATION OR WASHING HANDS!
Example of programmed aging theory
rheumatoid arthritis
Error theory examples
wear and tear, cross linkage theory, oxidative stress
Wear and tear theory
cell errors are a result of wearing out over time and through continued use.
Progressive decline in cellular function of death cells.
What might we see with the wear and tear theory? (example)
knee issues from being an athlete when they were younger
osteoarthritis
BE SURE TO PROMOTE HEALTHY AGING BY::: EXERCISING ON SOFT SURFACES, GOOD BODY MECHANICS
Cross linkage theory and an example
result from errors and cross linked proteins (too much buildup…
buildup of collagen with your skin, cholesterol building up on arteries, cataracts, atherosclerosis, etc.
PROMOTE HEALTHY AGING BY::: AVOIDING SKIN DRYNESS, JOINT STIFFNESS, WATCH FOR EFFECT OF UNSATURATED FATS ON HEALTH
Oxidative stress theory
exposure to free radicals and damage occurs because of it. Nurse might promote vitamins and exercise.
PROMOTE HEALTHY AGING BY::: AVOIDING STRESS AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS AS WELL AS UNNECESSARY RADIATION
Jung;s Theory of Personality
person moves from focusing on their external environment and their accomplishments to focusing more on their acceptance of themselves. It focuses on both accomplishments and challenges of a lifetime and can be found in oneself.
Search for personal meaning, spiritual self
Erikson: integrity vs despair
sense of completeness and cohesion of self, process of bringing into balance feelings of integrity and despair
Coming to terms with the life they have lives thus far
Erkson: generativity vs stagnation
establishing oneself and contributes in meaningful ways for future generations
Peck
one must develop the ability to redefine self, let go of occupational identity, rise above body discomforts and establish meanings that go beyond the scope of self-centeredness.
PECK: ego differentiation vs work role preoccupation
person no longer defines themselves by life work role but by individual personhood
thoughts about who you are after you retire
retirement
PECK: body transcendence vs body preoccupation
body and changes accepted as part of life rather than source of identity/focus
able to move away from all the aches and pains versus being concerned about body changes
PECK: ego transcendence vs ego preoccupation
able to move beyond self and be a apart of society versus being self centered.
Person sees oneself as part of greater whole rather than individual requiring special attention
death, preparing the life of others after death
Tornstam (theory of gerotranscendence)
aging viewed as movement from birth to death and maturation towards wisdom.
Achieve wisdom through life experiences and personal transformation
Time becomes less important as do superficial relationships, spiritual self and spiritual world take on new meanings.
