Exam 3 Flashcards
(37 cards)
Rational model versus political
Rational considers effectiveness and behavior of being driven by objective and measurable processes. Political recognizes effectiveness and organizational behavior
Power, influence, authority
Power is a measure of a person’s ability to influence the attitude and behavior of other individuals. Influence Is the actual process of affecting attitude or behaviors.
Authority is formal right to influence a sub ordinate
Five different powers: reward, legit, coercive, expert, referent
Reward power is based on an influencers control over rewards desired by a target. Legit Power is based on position and mutual agreement that an influencer can affect the behavior of a target. Referent Power is based on interpersonal attraction and feelings of identity with an influencer. Information power based on access to and control over the presentation of useful information. Coercive is warn before ounishing, punish in private, inform roles (cause an unpleasant experience for target)
Symbols of power
Ability to intercede for someone in trouble, placements for favored employees, exceeding budget limits, an above average raise
Organizational politics
Use of power and social influence to obtain desired outcome. Rules are informal, often unspoken, and learned indirectly or directly
Political behavior
Any action not sanctioned by the organization that is taken to influence others in order to meet one’s personal goal. Political behavior consists of influence tactics or impression management tactics.
Influence Tactics
Direct means of influencing other by altering their behavior and thoughts.
Compliance: consulation?
Impression management tactics
Self promotion: appear competent. exemplification: appear loyal, dependable. Intimidation: appear aggressive. Supplication: appear weak
POPS: perception of politics
Degree to which people attribute other people’s behavior to self interested motives.
Political Skill
Ability effectively understand others at work, and to use such knowledge to influence others to act in ways that enhance one’s personal/organ. Objective
Political skill consists of 4 dimensions
- Social astuteness: understanding of social dynamics, self awareness
- Interpersonal influence: adapting one’s behavior to meet situational demands
- Networking ability: develop social relations and alliances
- Apparent sincerity: appear authentic
Leadership
Process of influencing others to achieve group goals
Personal traits associated with leadership
Drive, desire to lead, honesty, self-confidence
Contingency theory
Assert that the leadership style must be appropriate for the particular situation in order to enhance worker performance
Fiedler’s Contingency Theory
Leaders are either task-oriented or relationship oriented, and function more or less effectively based on favorableness
Situational Leadership Model
Leader behavior should be adjusted to follower maturity for performing any given task
Path Goal Theory
Leaders can enhance follower satisfaction and performance by clarifying how they can achieve goals, removing barriers to goal completion, and increasing the quantity and variety of rewards for goal completion. Effort–performance behavior–reward
Four types of leadership styles (path goal theory)
Directive: specific guidance/expectations
Supportive: concern for well-being/status
Participative: joint decision making
Achievement: challenging goals, show confidence that employees will exert high effort
LMX (leader member exchange) theory; in-group and out-group
Leaders form different unique relationships with different followers; they dont treat them all the same.
In-group: trust, autonomy/discretion, attention, resources, challenging tasks
Out-group: fewer rewards, less attention, less responsibility
Transactional Leader (TXL)
Engage in mutual exchanges with followers, enforced by rewards & punishments
Transformational leader
Behave according to deeply held values, that can then influence the values and goals of followers, and inspire followers to achieve superior levels of performance
Four Transformantional leader styles
Idealized influence (strong personal qualities, values), inspirational motivation (infusing work with personal meaning), individualized consideration (concern for each follower’s unique goals & needs), intellectual stimulation (challenging followers to take new perspectives)
Charisma
Favor given or gift of grace; associated with charm, kindness, being blessed
Charismatic leadership
Relies on using personal qualities/values to inspire a vision
