Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Speech Science > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

(68 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Complex waves:

A

A wave of two or more frequencies.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Aperiodic:

A

Each cycle in the waveform does not take the sameamount of time to occur as every other cycle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Voiced stops

A
  • Short VOT (-20 ms – 20 ms)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Source filter theory:

3 aspects involved in vowel production…

A
  1. Glottal spectrum (source function)
  2. Vocal tract resonator (transfer function)
  3. Sound at the lips (output function)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Harmonic frequencies (harmonics) =

A

whole number multiples of the fundamental frequency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Greater displacement of molecules results in __________

A

more pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Lip rounding –

A

High back vowels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Waveform:

A
  • A graph of pressure as a function of time
  • Pressure changes over time
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

tension increase=

A

frequency increase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

High Vowels:

A
  • Lower F1
  • F1 increases as tongue height decreases
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Source Filter Theory

A

The vocal tract filters the glottal sound wave for vowels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The shorter the period, the

________the wavelength.

A

shorter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

A symmetrical tube:

A

will resonate a narrow range of frequencies.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The higher the pitch:

A

the wider the harmonic spacing.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Each cavity has its own ________________

A

resonating frequency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Frequency (Hz):

A

The number of cycles per second

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Wavelength:

A

The measurement of the distance traveled by thesound wave during one cycle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Continuous spectrum:

A

Displays a range of frequencies thatmake up a complex aperiodic sound using an “envelope”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Tense Vowels are:

A

Long vowels: /i/ /e/ /ae/ /u/ /a/

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Harmonic Spacing:

A

The distance between the harmonic frequencies.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Wideband

A
  • 300-500 Hz
  • Broad horizontal bands
  • Formant Structure
  • Good time resolution
  • Each cycle of vibration – glottal pulse
  • Vertical Striations
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Length increase causes

A

Fundamental freq. increase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

For the voice, the source of a sound is _______________.

A

the Vocal Folds.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Each cavity is an _______________that acts as a _______________and ______________________outside its bandwidth.

A
  • air filled resonator
  • bandpass filter
  • attenuates certain frequencies
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Lax Vowels are
Short vowels, schaw and carrot
26
The Amplified Frequency =
The Formant Frequency
27
Frequency of Energy: Lowest...
500-1500 Hz /p/ and /b/
28
Line spectrum:
Displays the frequency content of aperiodic sound in one instantof time. Each line is a harmonic of the waveform.
29
Period (t):
The time to complete one cycle per second
30
Complex Periodic:
A cycle of two or more frequenciesthat repeat. The frequencies are systematically related.
31
1. Periodic 2. Aperiodic
32
Physiologic Properties of Vowels
* Open oral closed nasal * Low oral airflow * Minimal intraoral pressure
33
When then lips are rounded:
They lengthen the vocal tract, lowers perceived pitch
34
Fundamental frequency (F0) =
the lowest frequencyof the complex sound.
35
3 acoustic features of a stop:
* Silent Gap (interval) * Stop Burst (release burst) * Voice onset time (VOT) to distinguish cognate
36
Wavelength = \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_/\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
speed of sound -------------------------------- Frequency
37
Fricatives are:
CWCL (Cowards worry, Couragous Laugh) 1. Complex aperiodic 2. Wide band of energy distributed over a broadrange of frequencies 3. Continuous 4. Longer durationthan stops 50-200 ms
38
A quarter-wave resonator produces:
multiple frequencies that are odd number multiples of the lowest RF - which are called called “Formants”F1, F2, F3…
39
The higher the frequency, the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_the period.
shorter
40
Periodic:
Each cycle in the waveform takes the same amount oftime to occur as every other cycle.
41
Mass increase =
frequency decrease
42
the longer the period, the ________ the wavelength.
longer
43
F1 relates to :
The volume of the pharyngeal cavity
44
Frequency of Energy Most High
~ 4000 Hz + /t/ /d/
45
Spectrum:
A graph of amplitude and frequency. No time
46
The lower the frequency, the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_the period.
longer
47
Voiceless stops
Long VOT (25 – 100 ms)
48
Front Vowels:
Large F1 – F2 separation Higher F2
49
W =
330 meters per second / Frequency
50
Narrow Band
45-50 Hz Harmonic
51
Three dimensions of a spectragram
1. **time** is the horizontal axis 2. **frequency** is the vertical axis 3. **amplitude** is represented by shades of darkness
52
Complex Aperiodic:
A cycle of two or more frequencies that do not take the same amount of time to occur. Each cycle is different – they do not repeat.
53
Lip retraction –
High front vowels
54
As the tongue moves forward:
F2 moves up in pitch
55
the greater the mass and the less the tension:
,the slower the VF will vibrate
56
F2 relates to:
the volume of the oral cavity
57
Frequency of Energy Most Mid
~1500-4000 Hz /k/ & /g/
58
A line spectrum represents \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_that make up a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_using \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
discrete frequencies complex periodic sound vertical lines
59
Amplitude:
The maximum distance away from rest position that the molecule is displaced
60
Back Vowels
* Small F1 – F2 separation * Lower F2 frequency
61
The higher the frequency, the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ the wavelength.
shorter
62
As the tongue goes down:
F1 moves up in pitch
63
Vowels defined by:
* Tongue height & Tongue advancement * Lip Rounding vs. Lip retraction Tense vs. Lax Tongue * Formant characteristics
64
The human vocal tract is a:
quarter wave resonator
65
High Vowels
* Lower F1 * F1 increases as tongue height decreases
66
Formants are:
* Vocal tract resonances * Their frequencies are formant frequencies * The most amplified harmonic frequencies after filtering
67
An asymmetrical tube:
resonates a broader range offrequencies.
68
Pure tones combine to create:
a complexperiodic sound

Speech Science (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions