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Forms & Functions > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the period of cardiovascular relaxation called?

A

Diastole

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2
Q

Which fibers extend to the apex of the heart and stimulate ventricular contraction?

A

Purkinji fibers

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3
Q

What part of the heart does the sinoatrial node activate?

A

Atrium

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4
Q

Which layer of the pericardium serves as the toughest and most external?

A

Fibrous

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5
Q

Which heart valves sits between the right atrium and the right ventricle?

A

Tricuspid

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6
Q

Which layer of the heart wall is composed of muscle tissue?

A

Myocardium

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7
Q

What is the main component of plasma?

A

Water

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8
Q

Erythrocyte is another name for what cell type?

A

Red blood cell

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9
Q

As adoposity increases, what hormone also increases in its concentration in the body?

A

Leptin

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10
Q

Which hormone increase blood glucose?

A

Glucagon

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11
Q

What endocrine gland does Dr. Crosswhite refer to as the lame duck?

A

Posterior pituitary

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12
Q

What category of adrenal gland hormone is cortisol in?

A

Glucocorticoids

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13
Q

Which hormone is called by 2 different names because it has 2 very distinct jobs?

A

Vasopressin

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14
Q

Which mineral is involved in thyroid hormone production?

A

Iodine

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15
Q

How many hormones are produced from the 5 different cell populations of the anterior pituitary?

A

6

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16
Q

What is the primary function of the hypothalamus?

A

Control the pituitary

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17
Q

Which gland is responsible for the secretion of melatonin?

A

Pineal gland

18
Q

What is it called when one hormone stimulates the release of another?

A

Positive feedback

19
Q

How do peptide hormones bind?

A

Second messengers

20
Q

How many categories are there of hormones when you identify them by biochemical structure?

A

3

21
Q

Which is not a location of hormone receptors?

A

Mitochondria

22
Q

Where do protein hormones bind on a target cell?

A

Cell membrane

23
Q

What is it called when one hormone stimulates the release of another?

A

Positive feedback

24
Q

Which is an example of a glucocorticoid?

A

Cortisol

25
Q

What cell types release glucagon?

A

Alpha

26
Q

What hypothalamic hormone stimulates the release of estrogen from the ovaries?

A

GnRH

27
Q

Which organ detects oxygen levels carrying capacity of the blood?

A

Kidney

28
Q

Which layer of the pericardium is the same as the most exterior layer of the heart wall?

A

Visceral

29
Q

Which is the only layer of the heart that is composed of muscle tissue?

A

Myocardium

30
Q

What is the largest artery in the body?

A

Aorta

31
Q

What cells initiate muscle contraction?

A

Pacemaker cells

32
Q

What is the period of cardia relaxation referred to as?

A

Diastole

33
Q

As blood flows from the heart, the vascular network gets?

A

Smaller

34
Q

What is the other name for vasopressin?

A

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

35
Q

What are the two functions of vasopressin?

A

Enhances retention of H2O in the kidneys (ADH effect)

Causes contraction of arteriolar smooth muscles (vasopressor effect)

36
Q

Posterior pituitary stores and releases what 2 peptide neurohormomes?

A
  • Vasopressin

* Oxytocin

37
Q

Growth hormone synthesizes, stores and releases what peptide hormone?

A

Somatotropin

38
Q

Thyroid hormone synthesizes, stores and releases what peptide hormone?

A

Thyrotropin

39
Q

What are the 5 different cell populations of the anterior pituitary?

A
  • growth hormone
  • thyroid- stimulating hormone
  • adrenocorticotropic hormone
  • prolactin
  • gonadotropins
40
Q

Gonadotropins synthesize, store and release what peptide hormones?

A
  • follicle stimulating hormone

* luteinizing hormone

41
Q

What is it called when one hormone inhibits the release of another ?

A

Negative feedback

Forms & Functions (8 decks)

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