Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Neuropsych > EXAM 3 > Flashcards

EXAM 3 Flashcards

brain damage & memory (66 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Precentral Gyrus (primary motor cortex)

A

Controls movement on contralateral side of body. Damage = inability fine finger movement, speed/strength in arms/hands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Precentral Gyrus (primary motor cortex)

A

Controls movement on contralateral side of body. Damage = inability fine finger movement, speed/strength in arms/hands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Premotor Area

A

Rapid serial ordering of movements, DYSDIADOCHOKINESIS (malfunction disorder)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Frontal Eye Fields

A

Regulates eye movements, primarily connected to angular gyrus & superior colliculus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Prefrontal Cortex: 3 REGIONS?

A
  1. Dorsolateral PFC (front, sides, top)
  2. Orbital PFC (just above the eyes)
  3. Medial PFC (between the hemispheres)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

4 basic regions of frontal cortex?

A
  1. Precentral gyrus(primary motor cortex)
  2. Premotor area
  3. Frontal Eye fields
  4. Prefrontal Cortex
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Prefrontal Cortex -

A

Regulates behavior, EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONING, temporal organization of behavior, combines working memory with long term memory, current behavior, and long term goals. Self organizing system.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does the ✊👌✋ fist edge palm test asses?

A

Ability to use invention to guide behavior in learning a new motor task.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Go/no go tasks?

A

Assesses ability to inhibit behavior.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Perseveration: 2 types?

A
  1. Motor
  2. Cognitive
    » Continues wrong behavior when knowing the right one «
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Procedural learning

A

Skills, processes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q 
Declarative leaning 
(Semantic, episodic, autobiographical)
A

LONG TERM

Events, facts, history, personal experiences, world knowledge, etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Emotional memory

A

Fear, attraction, avoidance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Pain memory

A

Learned pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Working memory

A

Auditory, visual, somatosensory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Recall?

A

Ability to recall information that is not currently in conscious awareness.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Recognition

A

Identifying information when it is presented, even when it can’t be recalled.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Relearning (reconsolidation)

A

Quicker leaning because information is ALREADY stored

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Explicit vs. implicit memory?

A

Explicit: conscious, intentional remembering of fact based semantic/episodic memories.

Implicit: (procedural, priming, conditioning) nonconscious, nonintentional learning.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Cerebellum helps what memory?

A

Procedural learning, like learning ton play the piano.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Amygdala helps what memory?

A

Emotional memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Head trauma to the hippocampus results in

A

Anterograde amnesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Trauma to the temporal Lobe results in

A

Retrograde amnesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Loss of conscious head trauma results in

A

Retrograde

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Hippocampal injury results in anterograde amnesia and what else?
Episodic, autobiographical problems, & imagining future events.
26
Parkinson's and memory?
Procedural learning problems
27
Alzheimer's and memory?
Retrograde amnesia worsens Anterograde in early stages, followed by the retrograde (Deteriorating of the temporal lobe early on, followed by the parietal and frontal cortex)
28
INFANTILE AMNESIA?
Inability to recall early childhood, due to development of procedural learning BEFORE episodic learning.
29
Anterograde Amnesia?
Inability to consolidate new memories. Learning is impaired.
30
Retrograde Amnesia
Recall for past events is affected. Inability to recall may range from seconds to years. Old memories affected more than new memories.
31
Korsakoff Syndrome: who's likely to get it?
Common in alcoholics and people with a vitamin B1 deficiency.
32
6 symptoms of Korsakoff Syndrome?
1. Anterograde Amnesia 2. Retrograde amnesia 3. Confabulation 4. Meager conversation content 5. No insight 6. Apathy
33
CONFABULATION
Not just making things up, but an inability to distinguish among correct/incorrect memories
34
Cerebellum involved in
Classical conditioning, motor skills | INTERPOSITUS NUCLEUS
35
Amygdala involved in
Fear conditioning, autonomic responses | Amygdala damage abolishes emotional learning only
36
Penetrating head injuries
Focal injuries from damaged area of brain. | Bullets, shrapnel, tools, etc.
37
CLOSED HEAD INJURIES
Impact Countercoup injury (opposite side of injured brain is damaged) May cause hematoma Rotation of head worsens injury
38
Unconsciousness
Swelling. Comas. | Problems with working memory, speed of thinking, concentration, and executive functioning.
39
Long term effects of head injury?
Increased risk of future injuries, Alzheimer's Recovery takes 6-9 months OR years Personality changed and difficulty with working memory and executive functioning
40
Glasgow Coma Scale?
Measures depth of coma | Eye opening, motor and verbal responses
41
Glasgow Coma Scale range?
3-15 Lower than 9 = Severe Higher than 12 = mild
42
Alzheimer's is characterized by
Amyloid plaques (extracellular deposits that contain a good deal of protein call B amyloid) Neurofibrillary tangles (consist of dying neurons that have dense amounts of abnormal Tau protein)
43
What does an APP Gene found on chromosome 21, // 2 presenilin genes found on chromosome 1 and 14 mean?
Alzheimer's Disease
44
Genetic Alzheimer's sign?
Early onset and rapid progression
45
What main lobes suffer atrophy(deterioration) in Alzheimer's?
Parietal and temporal
46
ApoE €4 allele means what?
Increased risk of Alzheimer's
47
ApoE €4 allele means what?
Deceased risk
48
28% of US has 1 ______?
€4 allele
49
2% of US has 2 copies of ________ allele?
€4
50
2 copies of €2 allele decreases AD risk by _____%?
40%
51
40-50% of AD cases have what allele?
ApoE €4
52
Frontotemporal degeneration
Degeneration of frontal/temporal lobes | most common dementia in ages under 60
53
Aspects examined by MoCa?
Orientation, attention, executive functioning, working memory, short-term delayed recall, naming, language, visuospatial FUNCTIONING, verbal reasoning
54
Ischemic strokes
Restricted blood flow
55
Hemorrhagic strokes
Ruptured vessel
56
Small Vessel Disease
Associated with diabetes, high blood pressure
57
What are stents?
They are used to reinforce weakened walls of a vessel | To prevent stroke
58
Tissue Plasminogen Activator?
Useful for ischemic strokes, must be used early, fatal for hemorrhagic strokes
59
Thrombosis
Clot/blockage at place where blockage has formed
60
Embolism
Clot that has come from elsewhere and blocks an artery or arteriole.
61
Ateriosclerosis
Blockage of and loss of the arteries
62
Transient Ischemic Attacks
Temporary stroke like symptoms
63
Arteriovenous malformations
Abnormalities of structure of vessels. (Clumped together or depriving brain of blood supply) Risk of aneurysms/rupture
64
Aneurysm
Vascular abnormality involving increased elasticity of a blood vessel. Weakness in vessel wall. Can be present without problems
65
Small Vessel Disease involves _____
Lesions of white matter. Caused by small infarcts.
66
Two ways aneurysms treated?
Clipping, coil embolization - SURGICALLY

Neuropsych (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions