EXAM 3 Flashcards
1
Q
Name branches from the internal carotid artery that supply areas of the face?
A
SUPRAORBITAL; Internal carotid typically supplies the brain
supratemporal
2
Q
The middle meningeal artery is a branch of what major artery?
A
Maxillary Artery
3
Q
List components of the circle of Willis
A
Two internal carotids and two vertebral arteries
4
Q
Which meningeal space is associated with the spinal cord but not the brain?
A
Epidural space
5
Q
Describes the diaphragma sellae?
A
dura mater that separates the cerebral cavity from the hypophyseal fossa
6
Q
Name the dural sinuses that drain into the confluence of sinuses.
A
Straight sinus and superior sagittal sinus
7
Q
Which sinus receives blood from the superior sagittal sinus?
A
Transverse (right)
8
Q
Cerebrospinal fluid circulates in which of the meningeal spaces?
A
Subarachnoid
9
Q
the anterior spinal artery is an unpaired artery that supplies part of the upper region of the spinal cord. describe its origin?
A
Vertebral artery
10
Q
Olfactory fibers making up the olfactory nerves pass from the olfactory mucosa to the olfactory bulbs through which structure?
A
cribriform
11
Q
List structures that pass into the orbit through the superior orbital fissure.
A
CN III, IV, VI, and V1
12
Q
the origin of the axons that make up the optic nerve originate from which cells?
A
Retinal ganglion cells
13
Q
identify extrinsic muscles of the eye NOT supplied by the oculomotor nerve?
A
Superior oblique (CN IV) and lateral rectus (CN VI)
14
Q
which cranial nerves supplies motor innervation to the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles.
A
CN XI
15
Q
List structures that exit the cranial cavity through the jugular foramen.
A
CN IX, X, XI
16
Q
Which of cranial nerve supplies extrinsic and intrinsic muscle of the tongue?
A
CN XII: hypoglossal
17
Q
The spinal accessory nerve exits the cranial cavity through which of the following foramen?
A
Jugular foramen
18
Q
Parasympathetic fibers that control the shape of the lens and pupil are carried by which nerve?
A
CN III: occulomotor
19
Q
The infraorbital, anterior superior alveolar, zygomatic, palatine, nasal, and posterior superior alveolar nerves are all branches of which nerve?
A
CN V2: maxillary branch
20
Q
The mandibular branch of the trigeminal exits the cranial cavity through which foramen?
A
Foramen ovale
21
Q
After passing through the body of the mandible, the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve exits the mandibular canal via which foramen?
A
Foramen ovale
22
Q
What nerve exits the cranial cavity through the foramen rotundum?
A
Maxillary; V2
23
Q
Cell bodies of sensory neurons carrying general sensory information from the dura of the middle and anterior cranial fossae, the external surface of the ear drum, and the anterior two-thirds of the tongue are located in which cranial ganglion?
A
Geniculate nucleus
24
Q
Special visceral motor (SVM) modality supplies the stylopharyngeus muscle via which cranial nerve?
A
CN IX
25
The chorda tympani carries branches of which nerve inside the petrous portion of the temporal bone?
CN VII
26
Which of the cranial nerves innervates the anterior belly of the digastric muscle?
CN V; trigeminal nerve; (I pharyngeal arch)
27
Taste sensation from the posterior third of the tongue is carries by which of the following cranial nerves?
CN IX
28
Which of the following is the major parasympathetic nerve to thoracic and most abdominal organs?
Vagus nerve CN X
29
Which specific structure associated with the semicircular canals is responsible for detecting rotational acceleration?
Ampulla and crista ampullaris and vesticubular apparatus
30
The supraorbital and supratrochlear nerves are branches of which branch of the opthalamic nerve?
frontal nerve
31
Of the three auditory ossicles, which one is attached to the tympanic membrane?
malleus
32
Most of the roof of the orbit is formed from which bone?
frontal
33
The crista galli is an extension of which of bone?
ethmoid
34
Parasympathetic supply to the lacrimal gland is via which nerve?
CN VII
35
Cell bodies of the parasympathetic preganglionic fibers to the ciliary ganglion (source of cell
bodies of postganglionic fibers to the sphincter pupillae muscle) are located where?
Edinger-Westphal
36
Which extrinsic muscle of the eye abducts the eyeball?
Lateral rectus
37
Which cranial nerve supplies parasympathetic innervation to the parotid gland?
CN IX
38
Name the structures that form the nasal septum?
Septal cartilage, vomer, perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone
39
The maxillary sinuses open into which spaces/recesses via the semilunar hiatus?
Middle meatus
40
Name the muscles that elevate the mandible.
Masseter, medial pterygoid, and the temporalis muscle
41
Identify the communication pathway between the infratemporal fossa and the orbit?
Inferior orbital fissure
42
The maxillary artery is divided into three parts with reference to its branching pattern. Which structure is used to demarcate the three parts?
Lateral ptreygoid muscle
43
Name the arterial branches from the third part of the maxillary artery?
Posterior superior alveolar , infraorbital, desending palatine, artery to ptreygoid canal
44
The middle meningeal artery enters the cranial cavity via which foramen?
Foramen spinosum
45
Which of the hypaxial muscles is attached to the hyoid bone but is not part of the infrahyoid group?
Geniohyoid
46
Which of the scalene muscles attaches to the second rib?
Posterior
47
The anterior belly of the digastric nerve is derived from the first pharyngeal arch and is
innervated by which nerve?
CN V
48
Identify the muscles that consists of two bellies, originating from the body of the hyoid and the superior border of the scapula?
Omohyoid
49
Branches off the external carotid artery are grouped into terminal, anterior, posterior, or medial, depending on which direction they branch from the external carotid. Name these branches.
Anterior: lingual, facial, superior thyroid (lowest branch of external carotid)
Posterior: occipital and posterior articular Medial: ascending pharyngeal
Terminal: superficial temporal and maxillary
50
The nerve branch to the geniohyoid originate from C1 and runs partly with which cranial nerve?
CN XII
51
Ventral rami from which levels of the spinal cord make up the cervical plexus?
C1-C4
52
Name infrahyoid muscles supplied by the ansa cervicalis.
Sternothyroid, omohyoid, and sternohyoid
53
Identify the spinal cord levels of origin for the phrenic nerve.
C3-C5
54
Postganglionic fibers from which region of the sympathetic trunk supply all the smooth muscles and glands of the head?
Superior cervical ganglion
55
Which structure enters the pharynx by passing between the base of the cranium and the superior edge of the superior pharyngeal constrictor?
Auditory tube
56
Describes the location of the vallecular recesses.
Located on either side of the median glossoepiglottic fold
57
What is the narrowest part of the laryngeal cavity?
Rima glottis
58
Which pair of laryngeal cartilages are able to rotate in order to change the tension on the vocal ligaments (cords)?
Arytenoids
59
Name the part of the dura mater that separates the cerebral cavity from the hypophyseal fossa.
diaphragma sella
60
Identity the dural sinus that DOES NOT connect directly with the confluence of sinuses.
inferior sagital sinus
61
In what space does cerebrospinal fluid circulate?
subarachnoid space
62
Name the arterial branch from the vertebral arteries that supplies the upper part of the spinal cord
Anterior spinal artery
63
Foramina for olfactory nerves are part of which bone?
cribiform plate
64
What is the origin for the axons that form the optic nerve?
retinal ganglion cells
65
Which extrinsic muscle of the eye is supplied by the abducens nerve?
Lateral rectus muscle (abducts)
66
Which extrinsic muscle of the eye is supplied by cranial nerve IV?
superior oblique muscle
67
what is the motor innervation for the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles?
CN XI: spinal accessory nerve
68
What cranial nerve supplies extrinsic and intrinsic muscles of the tounge?
CN XII: hypoglossal
69
Parasympathetic fibers that control the shape of the lens and pupil are carried by which cranial nerve?
CN III: occulomotor
70
Which CN passes through the foramen ovale?
CN V3: mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve
71
Cell bodies of sensory neurons carrying general sensory information from the dura of the middle and anterior cranial fossa, the external surface of the ear drum, and the anterior two thirds of the tounge are located in which cranial ganglion?
geniculate ganglion is associated with the facial nerve
72
Special visceral motor (SVM) modality supplies the stylopharyngeus muscle via which cranial nerve?
CN IX: glossopharyngeal
73
The chorda tympani is associated with which cranial nerve? (In the middle ear chamber)
CN VII: facial nerve
74
Taste sensation from the posterior third of the tounge is carried by which CN?
CN IX: glossopharyngeal
75
What is the major parasympathetic nerve to thoracic and most abdominal organs?
CN X: vagus nerve
76
Which auditory ossicle is attached to the oval window?
stapes
77
Which auditory ossicle is attached to the tympanic membrane (ear drum)?
malleus
78
Most of the roof of the orbit is formed from which bone?
frontal
79
The crista galli is part of which bone (above)? (Below: nasal septums)
ethmoid
80
Which CN carries parasympathetic supply to the lacrimal gland?
CN VII: facial nerve
81
Cell bodies of the parasympathetic preganglionic fibers to the ciliary ganglion originate from which nucleus?
Edinger-Westphal nucleus
82
Which CN supplies parasympathetic innervation to the parotid gland?
CN IX: glossopharyngeal
83
The maxillary sinuses open into which space/recess via the semilunar hiatus?
middle meatus
84
Which opening represents the communication pathway between the infratemporal fossa and the orbit?
Inferior orbital fissure
85
Which structure divides the maxillary artery into two parts with reference to its branching pattern?
lateral pterygoid muscle
86
The middle meningeal artery enter the cranial cavity via which foramen?
foramen spinosum
87
Which hypaxial muscle is attached to the hyoid bone but is not part of the infrahyloid group?
geniohyoid; genio = chin; elevates the rest depress
88
Which scalene muscle attaches to the second rib
posterior scalene
89
What is the innervation of the anterior belly of the digastric nerve?
CN V: trigeminal nerve (I pharyngeal arch)
90
What is the innervation of the posterior belly of the diagstric nerve?
CN VII: facial nerve (II pharyngeal arch)
91
What muscle consists of two bellies originating from the body of the hyoid and the superior border of the scapula?
omohyoid (not hypaxial)
92
Name a medial branch off the external carotid? (Know anterior etc as well)
ascending pharyngeal
93
The nerve branch to the geniohyoid originates form C1 and runs partly with which CN?
CN XII: hypoglossal
94
What are the spinal cord levels for the cervical plexus?
C1-C4
95
What infrahyloid muscle is NOT supplied via the Ansa cervicalis?
thyrohyloid
96
What is the spinal cord level of origin for the phrenic nerve?
C3, C4, C5
97
What part of the sympathetic trunk supplies all Smooth muscles and glands of the head?
superior cervical ganglion
98
What is the narrowest part of the laryngeal cavity?
Rima glottidis
99
What pair of laryngeal cartilages rotate to change tension on the vocal cords?
arytenoids
100
Supraorbital is the branch of which artery?
Internal carotid artery
101
Maxillary artery is a branch of which meningeal artery?
Middle meningeal artery
102
Two internal carotids and two vertebral arteries are components of and form what?
Circle of Willis
103
Epidural space is associated with the ___ ____ but not the ____.
Associated with the spinal cord but not the brain
104
The dura mater thats separates the cerebral cavity from the hypophyseal fossa.
Describe what?
Diaphragms sella
105
Straight and superior sinuses drain into what?
Confluences of sinus
106
Transverse (right) receives blood from where?
Superior sagitall sinus
107
Subarachnoid contains/circulates what fluid?
Cerebrospinal fluid
108
Vertebral artery has what unpaired artery that supplies part of the upper region of the spinal cord?
Anterior spinal artery
109
The cribiform plate is the passage for factory neurons to go where?
Olfactory nerves pass from the olfactory mucosa to the olfactory bulbs
110
Cranial III, IV, VI, and V1 (1st branch of trigeminal nerve) pass through which fissure?
Superior orbital fissure
111
Retinal ganglion cells make up the axons of what nerve?
Optic nerve
112
Superior oblique (CN IV) and lateral rectus (CN VI) muscles are the two extrinsic muscle not supplied by what?
Occulomotor nerve
113
Cranial nerve XI supplies motor innervation to which to muscles?
Sternocleidomastoid and trapezius
114
Cranial nerves IX X XI cranial cavity through what?
Jugular foramen
115
CN XII: hypoglossal supplies extrinsic and intrinsic muscle of the what?
Tongue
116
CN III: occulomotor nerve controls the shape of the lens and pupil by what type of fibers?
Parasympathetic
117
Which trigeminal branch exits the foramen ovale?
Mandibular branch
118
Maxillary branch : V2 exits through which cranial cavity?
Foramen rotundum
119
Geniculate nucleus carries what kind of general sensory information from what?
From the dura of the middle and anterior cranial fossa
The external surface of the ear drum
Anterior two thirds of the tongue
120
CN IX supples Special visceral motor(SVM) to which muscle ?
Stylopharyngeus muscle
121
CN IX supplies which modalities to the stylopharyngeus muscle?
SVM special visceral motor
122
CN VII is carried inside the patrons portion of the temporal bone by what?
Chorda tympani
123
CN VII is carried by the chorda tympani inside what?
Petrous portion of the temporal bone
124
CN V; trigeminal nerve (1 pharyngeal arch) innervates what?
Anterior belly of diagnostic muscle
125
CN XI (glossopharyngeal) innervates what part of the tongue?
Posterior third part of tongue
126
Vagus nerve; CN X is the major parasympathetic nerve to what?
Thoracic and most abdominal organs
127
Ampulla, crista ampullaris and vestibular apparatus is responsible for what?
Detecting rotational acceleration
128
What are the branches of the Frontal nerve?
Supra orbital and supratrochlear nerves
129
The malleus is attached to what?
Typmpanic membrane
130
Frontal bone forms what?
Most of the roof of the orbit
131
What is the extension of the ethmoid?
Crista Galli
132
CN VII; facial nerve provides parasympathetic supply to what gland?
Lacrimal gland
133
What is located in Edinger-westphal?
Cell bodies of parasympathetic preganglionic fibers to ciliary ganglion
(Source of cell bodies of postganglionic fibers to the sphincter papillae muscle)
134
Lateral rectus is an extrinsinc muscle that does what?
Abducts the eyeball
135
CN IX supplies parasympathetic innervation to what gland?
Parotid gland
136
Septal cartilage, vomer, perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone form what?
Nasal septum
137
By way of the semilunar hiatus, what opens into The Middle meatus.?
Maxillary sinuses
138
The masseter, medial pterygoid, and the temporalis muscle elevates what?
Elevate the mandible
139
Inferior orbital fissure is the communication pathway between what?
The infratemporal fossa and the orbit
140
Lateralptreygoid muscle divides what artery into three parts?
Maxillary artery
141
Posterior superior alveolar, infraorbital, descending palatine, artery to ptreygoid canal are branches from the third part of which artery
Maxillary artery
142
Foramen spinosum has what artery that runs through it?
Middle meningeal artery
143
Geniohyoid is a hypaxial muscle that is attached to the hypoid bone but not apart of what group?
Infrahyoid group
144
Posterior scalene muscle attaches to what rib?
Second rib
145
CN V; trigeminal, supplies _______ belly of the diagastric nerve?
Anterior belly of the diagstric nerve
146
Which arch does the anterior belly of the diagastric nerve come from?
First pharyngeal arch
147
Where does CN XII: hypoglossal nerve originate?
C1
148
Ventral rami of C1-C4 make up what?
Cervical plexus
149
Sternothyroif, omohyoid, and sternohyoid are supplied by what?
Ansa cervicalis
150
Spinal cord levels C3-C5 are the origin of what?
Phrenic nerve
151
What do the Superior cervical ganglion supply?
All smooth muscles and glands of the head
152
Where does the Auditory tube pass?
Between the base of cranium and the superior edge of the superior pharyngeal constrictor
153
What is located on either side of the median glossoepiglottic fold?
Vallecular recesses
154
Rima glottis is what?
The narrowest part of the laryngeal cavity
155
What is the function of the Arytenoids?
To rotate in order to change the tension on the vocal ligaments (cords)
156
Diaphragma sella is apart of the dura mater that separates what?
Separates the cerebral cavity from the hypophyseal fossa
157
Inferior Sagittal sinus does not connect directly with what?
Does not connect directly with. The confluence of sinuses
