Exam 3 Flashcards
(16 cards)
An Internal Validity threat in which a factor other than the one measured creates a second independent variable
Design Confound
An Internal Validity threat in which two groups have intrinsically different motivations or factors, i.e. a dieting group that chooses which group (control or experimental) to join.
Selection Effect
An Internal Validity threat in which a group may have factors from a previous method that affects their results; Carries over.
Order Effect
An Internal Validity threat in which a group naturally improves over time.
Maturation
An Internal Validity threat in which a group naturally improves over time due to an outside event or factor.
History
An Internal Validity threat in which an experimental group with extreme test scores averages out over time due to outside/other factors
Regression to the Mean
An Internal Validity threat in which an experimental group only because the outliers drop out
Attrition
An Internal Validity threat that is a type of order effect that occurs because of repeated types of _____.
Testing
An Internal Validity threat in which a group improves over time but only because what is used to measure the outcome(s) becomes more accurate over time.
Instrumentation
An Internal Validity threat in which a group does better than another one because of the person measuring them/what they expect them to get.
Observer Bias
An Internal Validity threat in which a participant guesses what is being measured and changes their answers to fit that narrative.
Demand Characteristic
An Internal Validity threat in which a participant believes they are part of the experimental group so they show conversion disorder-type improvements
Placebo Effect
Type of error - not enough power in experiment to detect difference
Type II Error
Formula for comparing two independent variables
t = (M1 - M2)/SE
Independent group design
Between group design
Dependent group design
Within group design
