Exam 3: Anemia

Question 0

Characteristics of the RBC so it doesn’t get destroyed in microcirculation

Answer 0

Discoid and pliable

Question 1

Average life span of RBC?

Answer 1

100-120 d

Question 2

LC of RBC

Answer 2

EPO
Bone Marrow makes them 
Maturation by iron and folate
120 d
Destruction by spleen

Question 3

What determines anemia in lab findings?

Answer 3

HbG count less than
130 males
120 females

Question 4

What are the problems before and during RBC production?

Answer 4

Hypoproliferative

Maturation disorders

Question 5

What are the problems after RBC released from marrow?

Answer 5

Hemolysis and hemorrhage

Question 6

In hypoproliferative anemia, all are the possible causes except:
A. No EPO released from kidneys
B. Bone marrow failure (aplastic anemia)
C. Iron deficiency
D. Chronic inflammatory states
F. Liver failure (inc cytokines) marrow cannot use iron

Answer 6

F

Question 7

In maturation disorders, all are the causes except:
A. Cytoplasmic defects due to iron deficiency (microcystic and hypochromic)
B. Nuclear defects (macrocytic RBCs)
C. Chronic iron overdose
D. Folate/vita. B12 deficiency

Answer 7

C

Question 8

2 main causes of hemolysis:
A. Intracorpuscular defects
B. Extracorpuscular defects
C. Both

Answer 8

C

Question 9

Membrane abnormalities (spherocytosis) and enzymopathy (G6PD) are examples 
A. Intracorpuscular defects
B. Extracorpuscular defects

Answer 9

A

Question 10

In extracorpuscular defects the problem is due to the structure of the RBCs. T/F

Answer 10

False.

Question 11

Vasculitis due to autoimmune diseases can cause

Answer 11

Extracorpuscular defects

Question 12

Anemia in SLE. Antibodies stick to RBCs and immune system kills the RBCs is an example of intracorpuscular defect. T/F

Answer 12

False

Question 13

Symptoms of anemia include all except: 
A. Fatigue
B. Breathlessness
C. Pink conjunctiva
D. Loss of stamina

Answer 13

C

Question 14

On PE for anemia look for: 
A.Pallor
B. Tachycardia (esp on effort) due to dec oxygen. Compensation
C. Murmur (valvular) 
D. Hypotension orthostasis
E. Dec urine output (renal failure)

Answer 14

C. It’s a flow murmur. Does not have anything to do with value defect

Question 15

Which lab exam is mainly used for diagnosing anemia?

Answer 15

CBC

Question 16

What is a possible cause if WBC and platelets are also low with anemia?

Answer 16

Bone marrow

Question 17

Anemia and high number of immature reticulocytes. Comment on the bone marrow.

Answer 17

Bone marrow is working hard and fast. But no time to mature

Question 18

Anemia and mature RBCs. Comment on the bone marrow

Answer 18

Bone marrow is not making new RBCS

Question 19

Nuclear material in RBC means:
A. RBC is more mature
B. RBC is immature

Answer 19

B

Question 20

Classify anemia by: 
A. Reticulocyte count
B. WBC
C. Platelet
D. Shape 
E. RBC count

Answer 20

A

Question 21

Name some drugs that dec levels of Vit B12 and B6

Answer 21

Isoniazid and chemo drugs

Question 22

75 YO male. Palor, hypotension, weakness, 3 days melena, low HGB. Diagnose

Answer 22

If longer to develop, longer to present symptoms

Upper GI bleed from NSAID induced peptic ulcer

Question 23

45 YO female. Pallor. Easy fatiguability when doing chores. Diagnose

Answer 23

Abnormal uterine bleed from myoma uteri

Question 24

35 YO male. Elevated BP, doesn't want to eat for 1 month, palor in nail beds and palms, bipedal edema, and easy fatiguability. Diagnose

Answer 24

Chronic kidney disease secondary to chronic glomerulonephritis

Question 25

23 YO female prolonged heavy menstrual bleeding and pallor. Diagnose

Answer 25

Aplastic anemia

Question 26

What conditions can cause so much EPO secretion?

Answer 26

Kidney reactivity to heart and lungs. -chronic lung dse -Heart failure. Mixing of oxygenated and unoxygenated. Congenital and shunting tumor secreting EPO

Question 27

What common clinical conditions can cause apparent polycythemia symptoms. Because water leaves, inc apparent red count

Answer 27

Dengue, Ebola, viral and bacterial infections, burns

Question 28

Symptoms of polycythemia

Answer 28

Asymptomatic Hyper viscosity Underlying disease

Question 29

Which symptoms of polycythemia vera can cause neurological symptoms (feeling high, lightheaded): A. Asymptomatic B. Hyperviscosity C. Underlying disease

Answer 29

B

Question 30

Condition in which the bone marrow just feels like making sooo many cell lines. And presents with hyperviscosity

Answer 30

Polycythemia Vera