Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology > Exam 3: Antiprotozoal/Antihelmintic > Flashcards

Exam 3: Antiprotozoal/Antihelmintic Flashcards

1
Q

What is the DOC for an invasive amebiasis infection caused by Entamoeba histolytica?

A

Metronidazole + Luminal amebicide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What protozal form is infective and inactive?

A

Cyst

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What protozal form is active and can invade tissues?

A

Trophozoite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What causes a patient to have symptoms from an Entamoeba histolytica infection?

A

If the cyst forms into trophozoites that invade the tissue of the intestinal wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the DOC for an asymptomatic amebiasis infection caused by Entamoeba histolytica?

A

Luminal amebicide (Iodoquinol or Paraomomycin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the DOC for a giardiasis infection caused by Giardia lamblia?

A

Metronidazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the most common cause of non-bacterial diarrhea in North America?

A

Giardia lamblia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the DOC for a trichomoniasis infection caused by Trichomoniasis vaginalis?

A

Metronidazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How are amebiasis and giardiasis infections transmitted?

A

Contact with contaminated feces, food, or water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How is a trichomoniasis infection transmitted?

A

Sexually transmitted

Men often asymptomatic, tx both partners

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the DOC for a toxoplasmosis infection caused by Toxoplasma gondii?

A

Pyrimethamine + Sulfadiazine + Folinic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What pathogen is common in cats and can cause serious fetal infection?

A

Toxoplasma gondii

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the DOC for a pneumocytosis infection caused by Pneumocystis jirovecii?

A

Trimethoprim + Sulfamethoxazole + Folinic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Is Pneumocystis jirovecii a protozoa?

A

No, it is a yeast-like fungus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What infection is a major cause of death in AIDs patients?

A

Pneumocytosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What can be given as a prophylaxis treatment as apart of HIV therapy to prevent pneumocytosis infections?

A

Trimethoprim + Sulfamethoxazole + Folinic acid

17
Q

What are the tissue amecicide drugs?

A

Metronidazole
Tinidazole
Emetine and Dehydroemetine

18
Q

What are the luminal amecicide drugs?

A

Iodoquinol
Paramomycin
Diloxanide furoate
Tetracycline and Erythromycin

19
Q

What is the MOA of metronidazole?

A

Reacts with ferrodoxin (found only in anaerobes)

Metronidazole metabolites are taken up into DNA and form unstable molecules

20
Q

What is metronidazole DOC for?

A

Invasive entamoeba histolytica (with a luminal amebocide)
Giardia lamblia
Trichomonas vaginalis

21
Q

What are the toxicities associated with metronidazole?

A

Dysgeusia (metalic taste)

Disulfiram-like reactiin

22
Q

What can Tinidazole be used to treat?

A

Alternative to metronidazole for tx of:
Invasive entamoeba histolytica (with a luminal amebocide)
Giardia lamblia
Trichomonas vaginalis

23
Q

What can Emetine and Dehydroemetine be used to treat?

A

Alternative to metronidazole for tx of severe intestinal or systemic entamoeba histolytica infections

24
Q

What are the toxicities associated with Emetine and Dehydroemetine?

A

Cardiotoxicity
GI effects
Teratogenic

25
Q

What are contraindication of Emetine and Dehydroemetine?

A

Cardiac disease
Renal disease
Pregnancy

26
Q

What is Iodoquinol DOC for?

A

Asymptomatic entamoeba histolytica

Invasive entamoeba histolytica (with a tissue amebocide)

27
Q

What is Paraomomycin DOC for?

A

Asymptomatic entamoeba histolytica
Invasive entamoeba histolytica (with a tissue amebocide)

Can also be used to treat giardia lamblia and trichomonas vaginalis

28
Q

What are the toxicities associated with Iodoquinol?

A

High iodine content (enlarged thyroid)

Optic neuritis and optic atrophy that can lead to blindness

29
Q

What can Diloxanide furoate be used to treat?

A

Alternative to Iodoquinol or Paromoycin for treatment of invasive entamoeba histolytica (with a tissue amebocide)

30
Q

What can Tetracycline and Erythromycin be used to treat?

A

Alternative for treatment of amebiasis and giardiasis

31
Q

What can is an alternative drug an HIV patient can take instead of Trimethoprim + Sulfamethoxazole for treatment of P. pneumonia?

Why would you not use this drug as a first choice?

A

Pentamidine

Not as effective, more expensive, more toxicities

32
Q

What are the DOC for treatment of a roundworm (nematode) infection?

A 
Albendazole or mebendazole
Pyrantel pamoate (OTC)
33
Q

What drug is an alternative for treatment of a roundworm (nematode) infection?

A

Ivermectin

34
Q

What is the DOC for a fluke (trematode) infection?

A

Praziquantel

35
Q

What is the DOC for a tapeworm (cestode) infection?

A

Praziquantel

36
Q

What drug is an alternative for treatment of tapeworm (cestode) infection?

A

Albendazole

37
Q

What is the MOA of Albendazole or Mebendazole?

A

Inhibits microtubules polymerization by binding to b-tubulin, preventing glucose uptake

38
Q

What is the MOA of Pyrantel pamoate?

A

Cholinesterase inhibitor; produces depolarizing neuromuscular bloackade

39
Q

What is the MOA of Ivermectin?

A

Paralyzes the parasite; intensifies GABA mediated transmission of signals in peripheral nerves

Pharmacology (25 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions