Exam 3 -- chap 10 -- emotion and motivation Flashcards
(30 cards)
motivation (def)
the want or needs that direct behavior toward a goal
what makes us to what we do
what are the 2 types of motivation:
intrinsic
extrinsic
what is intrinsic motivation?
doing something for internal factors
- ex. learning for the sake of learning
- ex. Jerry Seinfeld and comedy
what is extrinsic motivation?
pursuit of an activity because of external factors
- ex. pursuing acting or sports for money or fame
what is the over justification effect?
causes extrinsic motivation to overwhelm intrinsic motivation
external incentive decreases a person’s intrinsic motivation to perform a task
describe Maslow’s Heirarchy of Needs:
we are motivated by needs not being met, from bottom and working upward to self-actualization
what is the top of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs?
self-actualization
describe Maslow’s hierarchy of needs from top to bottom
physiological
security
social
esteem
self-actualization
what are some criticisms against Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?
individual needs vary
lack of empirical support
what is the drive (reduction) theory of motivation?
homeostasis –> if we deviate from homeostasis, we drive to address and reduce that need –> return to homeostasis
organisms seek to exist in a state of homeostasis (an optimal balance) w/in various biological needs
if we deviate from homeostasis, we will experience a drive to address and reduce that need
what is primary drive in drive (reduction) theory of motivation?
those that are biological and innate
what is secondary drive in drive (reduction) theory of motivation?
those that are conditioned and learned
what is optimal arousal theory?
we are motivated to maintain an optimal level of physiological and psychological arousal
underaroused –> bored
overaroused –> stressed and overwhelmed
what is the self-determination theory?
motivated by intrinsic goals –> want to feel like we are in control of our destiny
focused on autonomy, competence, and relatedness within social groups
___ are an important component of motivation
goals
goals are an important component of ___
motivation
to enhance motivation, goals should be ___ and ___
specific and acheivable
if goals are not specific…
hard to define a course to achieve
if goals are not achievable, can lead to…
frustration, giving up
continued frustration can lead to…
learned helplessness
what is learned helplessness?
a self-fulfilling prophecy in which you learn you have no self-efficacy, and act accordingly
ex. I can’t do it anyway so I’m going to give up
what are approach goals?
goals we seek or aspire toward
ex. trying to become good at a sport
what are avoidance goals?
goals we want to avoid
ex. avoiding public embarrassment, financial ruin
what are performance goals?
performing well in front of others, being judged well
ex. hitting off the first tee of a golf course
