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Bio141 Exam Review Questions > Exam 3: Chapter 7,8 +9 > Flashcards

Exam 3: Chapter 7,8 +9 Flashcards

1
Q

Photosynthesis is an endergonic process. it requires energy. This energy is provided by
A) food molecules
B) wind
C) H2O
D) CO2
E) sunlight

A

E) sunlight

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2
Q

Which of the following perform photosynthesis?
A) cyanobacteria
B) plants
C) algae
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

A

D) all of the above

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3
Q

Which two colors of light are NOT well absorbed by chlorophyll?
A) yellow and green
B) red and orange
C) blue and red
D) blue and indigo
E) red and violet

A

A) yellow and green

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4
Q

The light-absorbing pigments in plants are chlorophylls and
A) microtubules
B) kinases
C) carotenoids
D) bacteriochlorophylls
E) ATP synthases

A

C) carotenoids

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5
Q

Where are the light-absorbing pigments located in a plant cell?
A) thylakoid membrane
B) endoplasmic reticulum
C) stroma
D) nucleus
E) outer chloroplast membrane

A

A) thylakoid membrane

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6
Q

Which organelles in plants and algae contains the thylakoid membrane and stroma?
A) chloroplasts
B) mitochondria
C) nucleus
D) central vacuole
E) all of the above

A

A) chloroplasts

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7
Q

O2 is generated directly by which molecule during photosynthesis?
A) ATP synthase
B) glucose
C) chlorophyll
D) rubisco
E) water-splitting enzyme

A

E) water-splitting enzyme

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8
Q

During the light reactions of photosynthesis, ATP is generated indirectly, by a process called
A) endocytosis
B) chemiosmosis
C) fermentation
D) cytokinesis
E) mitosis

A

B) chemiosmosis

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9
Q

During the light reactions of photosynthesis, the flow of ___ from high to low concentration provides ATP synthase enzymes with the energy needed to produce ATP.
A) glucose
B) H+
C) O2
D) CO2
E) ADP

A

B) H+

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10
Q

ATP synthases attach a ____ to ADP to make ATP
A) glucose
B) CO2
C) O2
D) phosphate group
E) H+

A

D) phosphate group

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11
Q

The Calvin Cycle reactions consume ___ and ____ produced during the light reactions of photosynthesis in order to synthesize glucose.
A) CO2 and O2
B) CO2 and ATP
C) ATP and NADPH
D) O2 and NADPH
E) ATP and glucose

A

C) ATP and NADPH

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12
Q

During the Calvin Cycle, carbon fixation is performed by an enzyme called
A) ATP synthase
B) kinase
C) mutase
D) Rubisco
E) pyruvate dehydrogenase complex

A

D) Rubisco

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13
Q

Where do the Calvin cycle reactions take place?
A) mitochondrial matrix
B) mitochondrial inner membrane
C) chloroplast stroma
D) thylakoid membrane
E) cytoplasm

A

C) chloroplast stroma

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14
Q

What molecules provides the carbon atoms needed to make glucose during the Calvin cycle reactions?
A) O2
B) CO2
C) NADPH
D) H2O
E) ATP

A

B) CO2

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15
Q

In plants, sucrose, starch, and cellulose are all synthesized directly from
A) deoxyribose
B) O2
C) glucose
D) ribose
E) mannose

A

C) glucose

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16
Q

NADPH is produced during photosynthesis. NADH and FADH2 are produced during aerobic respiration. All three of these molecules each carry two high energy
A) electrons
B) protons
C) neutrons
D) isotopes
E) all of the above

A

A) electrons

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17
Q

Electrons transport chains are involved in
A) photosynthesis
B) aerobic respiration
C) fermentation
D) photosynthesis and aerobic respiration
E) photosynthesis, aerobic respiration and fermentation

A

D) photosynthesis and aerobic respiration

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18
Q

The “universal energy currency” generated during cellular respiration is
A) deoxyribose
B) CO2
C) glucose
D) phospholipids
E) ATP

A

E) ATP

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19
Q

When people diet, they lose weight mainly because they are exhaling which molecules of gas into the air?
A) H2S
B) H2O
C) CO2
D) O2
E) ATP

A

C) CO2

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20
Q

Aerobic respiration is one version of cellular respiration. Unlike other versions of respiration, aerobic respiration requires
A) O2
B) H2O
C) CO2
D) ATP
E) glucose

A

A) O2

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21
Q

Which of the following lists the stages of cellular respiration in the correct order?
A) citric acid cycle, prep reaction, oxidative phosphorylation, glycolysis
B) glycolysis, prep reaction, citric acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation
C) prep reaction, glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, citric acid cycle
D) oxidative phosphorylation, citric acid cycle, glycolysis, prep reaction
E) citric acid cycle, glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, prep reaction

A

B) glycolysis, prep reaction, citric acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation

22
Q

Where does glycolysis take place?
A) in the cytoplasm
B) in the inner mitochondrial membrane
C) in the outer mitochondrial membrane
D) in the mitochondrial matrix
E) in the outer mitochondrial compartment

A

A) in the cytoplasm

23
Q

In eukaryotes, where do the preparatory reactions and the citric acid cycle take place?
A) in the cytoplasm
B) in the inner mitochondrial membrane
C) in the outer mitochondrial membrane
D) in the mitochondrial matrix
E) in the outer mitochondrial compartment

A

D) in the mitochondrial matrix

24
Q

In eukaryotes, where does oxidative phosphorylation take place?
A) in the cytoplasm
B) in the inner mitochondrial membrane
C) in the outer mitochondrial membrane
D) in the mitochondrial matrix
E) in the outer mitochondrial compartment

A

B) in the inner mitochondrial membrane

25
Q

What type of enzymes transfer phosphate groups from one molecule to a different molecule?
A) isomerases
B) kinases
C) mutases
D) dehydrogenases
E) all of the above

A

B) kinases

26
Q

What stage of cellular respiration makes pyruvate, NADH, and ATP?
A) oxidative phosphorylation
B) preparatory reaction
C) glycolysis
D) citric acid cycle
E) every stage

A

C) glycolysis

27
Q

What stage of cellular respiration makes ATP, CO2, NADH, and FADH2?
A) oxidative phosphorylation
B) preparatory reaction
C) glycolysis
D) citric acid cycle
E) every stage

A

D) citric acid cycle

28
Q

What stage of cellular respiration makes acetyl-CoA, NADH, and CO2?
A) oxidative phosphorylation
B) preparatory reaction
C) glycolysis
D) citric acid cycle
E) every stage

A

B) preparatory reaction

29
Q

What stage of cellular respiration involves and electron transport chain and produces ATP indirectly?
A) oxidative phosphorylation
B) preparatory reaction
C) glycolysis
D) citric acid cycle
E) every stage

A

A) oxidative phosphorylation

30
Q

During cellular respiration, what happens to the oxygen (O2) we inhale?
A) electrons are added to it to convert it to carbon dioxide
B) electrons are added to it to convert it to water
C) electrons are added to it to convert it to glucose
D) electrons are removed from it to convert it to carbon dioxide
E) electrons are removed from it to convert it to water

A

B) electrons are added to it to convert it to water

31
Q

Glycolysis produces a net gain of how many ATP molecules per glucose?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 8

A

B) 2

32
Q

Which of the following organisms carry out ethanol fermentation?
A) protists
B) humans
C) yeast
D) plants
E) all of the above

A

C) yeast

33
Q

The bacteria used to make yogurt, sour cream, cheese, and other foods carry out fermentation in which pyruvate is converted to what molecule?
A) acetone
B) lactic acid
C) ethanol
D) acetyl-CoA
E) fructose

A

B) lactic acid

34
Q

In prokaryotes (like bacteria), cellular division is called
A) chemiosmosis
B) binary fission
C) mitosis
D) cytokinesis
E) carbon fixation

A

B) binary fission

35
Q

Under optimal conditions, bacteria like E. Coli typically carry out cellular division about once every
A) 20 milliseconds
B) 20 seconds
C) 20 minutes
D) 20 days
E) 20 hours

A

C) 20 minutes

36
Q

Programmed cell death (“cell suicide”) is also called
A) apoptosis
B) chemiosmosis
C) isomerization
D) cytokinesis
E) denaturation

A

A) apoptosis

37
Q

During one round of cellular reproduction, 1 parent cell divides into
A) 1 daughter cell
B) 2 daughter cells
C) 3 daughter cells
D) 4 daughter cells
E) 5 daughter cells

A

B) 2 daughter cells

38
Q

Most eukaryotic cells are diploid. This means they normally contain how many sets of chromosomes?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5

A

B) 2

39
Q

During the eukaryotic cell cycle, cells spend most of their time in ____, which consists of G1, S, and G2
A) mitosis
B) apoptosis
C) chemiosmosis
D) interphase
E) cytokinesis

A

D) interphase

40
Q

During which segment of the eukaryotic cell cycle are each of the chromosomes copied?
A) G1
B) G2
C) S
D) mitosis
E) cytokinesis

A

C) S

41
Q

The two identical copies of a chromosome that are held together by a centromere are called
A) ribosomes
B) centrioles
C) nuclei
D) daughter chromatids
E) sister chromatids

A

E) sister chromatids

42
Q

The two identical copies of a chromosome that are held together by a centromere are called
A) ribosomes
B) centrioles
C) nuclei
D) daughter chromatids
E) sister chromatids

A

E) sister chromatids

43
Q

Some cells, including brain cells, enter a long resting state by exiting the cell cycle at
A) G1
B) S
C) G2
D) mitosis
E) cytokinesis

A

A) G1

44
Q

What is the correct sequence of events during mitosis?
A) prophase, late prophase, anaphase, telophase, metaphase
B) telophase, prophase, late prophase, metaphase, anaphase
C) anaphase, metaphase, prophase, late prophase, telophase
D) prophase, late prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
E) metaphase, telophase, anaphase, prophase, late prophase

A

D) prophase, late prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

45
Q

During which stage of mitosis do the chromosomes start to condense and the nuclear envelope break apart?
A) metaphase
B) prophase
C) telophase
D) anaphase
E) late prophase

A

B) prophase

46
Q

During which stage of mitosis do the sister chromatids start moving towards opposite sides of the cell?
A) metaphase
B) prophase
C) telophase
D) anaphase
E) late prophase

A

D) anaphase

47
Q

During which stage of mitosis do the sister chromatids line up along the center of the cell?
A) metaphase
B) prophase
C) telophase
D) anaphase
E) late prophase

A

A) metaphase

48
Q

The mitotic spindle moves chromosomes during mitosis. It is made up of centrosomes and ____.
A) cellulose
B) microtubules
C) collagen
D) microfilaments
E) intermediate filaments

A

B) microtubules

49
Q

The division of the cytoplasm is called
A) mitosis
B) cytokinesis
C) apoptosis
D) oxidative phosphorylation
E) chemiosmosis

A

B) cytokinesis

50
Q

The cell cycle is tightly controlled; it can pause at ____ if conditions are not normal.
A) checkpoints
B) chromosomes
C) centromeres
D) centrioles
E) chromatids

A

A) checkpoints

51
Q

Which protein, serving as a tumor suppressor, may delay a cell’s entry into S phase or trigger apoptosis?
A) rubisco
B) ATP synthase
C) p53
D) Ras
E) histone

A

C) p53

Bio141 Exam Review Questions (4 decks)

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