Exam 3 Chapters 12-15 Flashcards
(52 cards)
According to the text, what human activities contribute to desertification in vulnerable areas?
-Planting more trees
-Implementing sustainable agricultural practices
-Overgrazing by livestock
-Drought-resistant farming techniques
Overgrazing by livestock
How do desert animals survive harsh conditions according to the video?
-By swimming in the scarce water sources
-By staying above ground during the day
-By burrowing into the cool ground
-By migrating to cooler regions
By burrowing into the cool ground
How does the Coriolis effect affect the rotation of ocean gyres on Earth?
-Causes them to be stationary
-None-to-minimal impact on ocean gyres
-Turns them clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and counterclockwise in the Southern Hemisphere
-Causes them to rotate uniformly in both hemispheres
Turns them clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and counterclockwise in the Southern Hemisphere
In desert valleys that do not drain out, what is the term for the dry lake bed formed by water evaporation?
-Alluvial fan
-Bajada
-Playa
-Inselberg
Playa
What are the primary causal factors of deserts, according to the text?
-Ocean currents and the Earth’s rotation
-Solar energy, atmospheric circulation, and the Earth’s rotation
-Latitude and prevailing winds
-The Coriolis effect and the Equator
Solar energy, atmospheric circulation, and the Earth’s rotation
What causes the dry air to sink back to the Earth at approximately 30° latitude?
-Prevailing winds
-Polar vortex
-Coriolis effect
-Combination of global circulation effects
Combination of global circulation effects
What geological process caused the lithosphere of the Great Basin to stretch over the past 30 million years?
-Subsidence
-Compression
-Crustal extension
-Plate tectonics
Crustal extension
What human activities can lead to desertification?
-Planting more trees
-Responsible agriculture
-Excessive water usage
-Implementing sustainable irrigation methods
Excessive water usage
What is the main agent of weathering in desert climates?
-Wind
-Ice
-Water
-Gravity
Water
What is the term for large moving boulders along flat surfaces in deserts that leave trails behind them?
-Inselbergs
-Yardangs
-Sliding stones
-Ventifacts
Sliding stones
What process moves sand grains by lifting them into the moving air and carrying them a short distance before dropping them onto the surface dislodging other sand grains?
-Creep
-Saltation
-Bedload
-Suspended load
Saltation
What unique weathering product is found in deserts, characterized by thin dark brown layers of clay minerals and iron and manganese oxides?
-Loess
-Desert varnish
-Haboob
-Yardang
Desert varnish
Which subregion is mentioned as an extension of the Great Basin from Utah to California?
-Sonoran Desert
-Mojave Desert
-Basin and Range
-Chihuahua Desert
Basin and Range
Which type of desert is located in the Arctic and Antarctic?
-Subtropical
-Semiarid
-Coastal
-Polar
Polar
Why does the Atacama Desert receive very little precipitation?
-Due to its proximity to the Equator
-Because of the westerly winds from the Pacific
-The presence of the Andes Mountains
-The cool, dry air descending onto the desert
The cool, dry air descending onto the desert
How are erosional landforms created by glaciers formed?
-By the addition of material
-By volcanic eruptions
-By the melting of ice
-By the removal of material
By the removal of material
How do cool summers affect a glacier’s budget?
-Promote glacial retreat
-Promote glacial advance
-Do not impact the glacier
-Cause the glacier to stagnate
Promote glacial advance
What are the three orbital changes that affect short-term cycles of warming and cooling, leading to glaciations?
-Drumlins, kames, eskers
-Precession, obliquity, eccentricity
-Moraines, till, outwash plains
-Tarns, cols, horns
Precession, obliquity, eccentricity
What area of a glacier is called the zone of accumulation?
-Where ice is melting
-Where snow accumulation exceeds melting
-Where ice is breaking off
-Where ice is sliding downhill
Where snow accumulation exceeds melting
What does a glacier’s budget show when there is more income (snow accumulating in winter) than expense (melting snow and ice in summer)?
-Glacial growth
-Glacial retreat
-Glacial stagnation
-Glacial deformation
Glacial growth
What is a glacier?
-A huge mass of hot lava
-A huge mass of ice that moves slowly over land
-A big pile of sand
-A type of mountain
A huge mass of ice that moves slowly over land
What is the largest type of glacier?
-Mountain glaciers
-Valley glaciers
-Continental glaciers
-Plains glaciers
Continental glaciers
What is the most important resource provided by glaciers?
-Sand and gravel
-Fish
-Freshwater
-Concrete
Freshwater
What is the term for a long ridge of till located at the end or terminus of a glacier?
-Ground moraine
-Terminal moraine
-Recessional moraine
-Lateral moraine
Terminal moraine
