Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Animal Nutrition > Exam 3 content > Flashcards

Exam 3 content Flashcards

(80 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Explain how proper beef cattle nutrition midigates risk

A

less money is spent of veterinary costs for nutrition related disorders, and the improved meat quality improves resieliency to market fluctuations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The most critical periods for a Beef cow are ____ days before calfing and _ days after calving

A

30

90

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Two benifits of proper nutrition during breeding season

A

devreased days open

increased birth/weaning weights

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How much more feed do dursing cows need compared to non-nursing beef cows?

A

50% more feeed than normal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Some signs of inadequate pasture

A
  • decreased milk production
  • slow heifer growth
  • requiers supplementation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the expected amount of weight loss during winter grazing in beef cattle?

A

15% of autumn weight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How should feed be adjusted for cold stress in beef cattle?

A

the feed should increase by 1% for every degree below 20F

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Why does offering 1/2 ration of feed in the evening during winter promote day calving?

A

Calving lowers the cow’s body tempature. Feeding in the evening raises their core body tempature at night which prevents night calving.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Advantages of creep feeding

A
  • heavier weaning weights
  • better calf uniformity
  • less weight loss among cows
  • will gain an additional 30-50lbs a day
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

disadvantages of creep feeding

A
  • will requier an additional 8-10lbs of feed per lb gained
  • extra labor costs
  • negative effects on replacement heifers
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The most stressful period of a beef calfs life is …

A

Weaining

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The main goal of this kind of operation is to focus on muscle/bone growth and rumen development

A

stocker cattle programs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

List two common ionophores

A
  • Rumensin (monensin)
  • Bovatec ( lasilocid)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The two ideal forage : concentrait ratios

A
  • 60:40
  • 80:20
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

This operation holds cattle for 3-4 months for rapid weight gain using protein and energy concentraets and have shorter adjustment times

A

Short Yearling Operations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

This operation hold cattle for 6-12 months to focus on compensatory gain and can rely of seasonal forages and adaptive managment to achive greater weight gain

A

Long Yearling Operations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

This operation focuses on rapid weight gain for finishing for market

A

Feedlot cattle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What considerations must be made for energy and protein needs in feedlot cattle?

A

Energy will increase to encourage rapid weight gain fat buildup and protein requierments will decrease as age increases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What considerations must be made regarding vitamins and minerals in feedlot cattle?

A

A proper Ca:P ratio must be maintained in order to prevent the formation of baldder stones and supplementation of vitamins A and E can give meat a longer shelf life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Feeding approach where the cows eat everything given before being refilled

A

clean bunk approach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Feeding approach where the bunk is refilled when there is still a little feef left over

A

slick bunk approach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

These feed additives encourage muscle tissue building

A

beta-antagonists

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

The ideal body condition score range

A

5-7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What nutritional dissorder is caused by a rumen pH under 5

A

acidosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What nutritional disorder causes blue tinged mucus membranes?
Nitrate Poisoning
26
# mi Milk volume make up ....% of total milk
15-25
27
List the milk components and how much they make up
* butter fat (3-5%) * protein (2.8-3.6%) * other solids
28
Things to consider during dairy cattle pregancy
* fetal programing * birth and growth rates * colostrum qualituy * age at first calfing * replacement heifer quality
29
Carbohydrates make up how much of a Dairy cows needs?
60-70%
30
3 major VFAs and their function
1. Acetate - milk fat production 2. propinate - glucose production 3. butyrate - rumen wall
31
Fats make up how much of a Dairy cattles nutritional needs?
3-5%
32
What is the relationship between fat and fiber digestion
High fat levels reduce fiber digestion
33
Early lactation requierments ## Footnote Earley lactation day length
* highest energy needs/ negative energy balance * 1.72-1.75 NEL ## Footnote 0-70 days
34
Peak Lactation Requierments ## Footnote Peak lactation day length
* maintaing milk productions * 1.68-1.72 NEL ## Footnote 70-100 days
35
Mid-lactation requierments ## Footnote Mis-lactation day length
1.62-1.68 NEL ## Footnote 140-200 days
36
Late lactation requierments ## Footnote late lactation day length
* low energy * run the risk of over conditioning ## Footnote 200+ days
37
The far off period lasts ... The close up period lasts ... before calving
* 60-21 days * 20-0 day
38
Body condition score range for dairy cattle and the ideal score
1-5 3
39
List the four assesment points of dairy cattle BCS
1. tail head 2. loin area 3. pelvis 4. short ribs
40
Ideal score for the drying off period
3.25-3.75
41
Ideal score for calving
3-3.25
42
Ideal BCS for early lactation
0.5-1 loss as long as it dosen't fall below 2.75
43
Ideal BCS for mid-lactation
3-3.25
44
Ideal BCS for late lactation
3-3.5
45
How is the preformance of dairy cattle effected if the BCS is below 2.5
* lowered conceptionrates * heat weakness * extended calving intervals
46
How is the preformance of dairy cattle effected if the BCS is above 4
* increased risk oc calving difficulties * ketosis * poor conception * retained plecenta
47
Advantages of a TMR feeding system
* maxmize feed efficencies * better rumen health * easy management of large head
48
Disadvantages of the TMR feeding system
* daily mixing * higer investment in equipment
49
Advantages if component feeding
* lower equipment costs * good for smaller herds * less investment
50
Disadvantages of Component feeding
* selevtive feeding * harder management * more labor requiered
51
Advantages of Pasture Based systems
* lower costs * better milk product * lower housing costs * animal welfare
52
Disadvantages of Pasture base systems
* weather dependant * seasonal challanges * land needed * nonvariable nutrients
53
This disorder is caused by low calcium in the blood after giving birth
Milk Fever
54
The proper DCAD should be _ in order to be healthy
negative
55
List the primary energy sources for swine
* corn * grain sorgum * wheat
56
List the essiential amino acids necessary for swine
* K * M * W * T
57
The energy source that has the least Lysine
Corn
58
The energy source that is 95% the energy value of corn
Grain Sorgum
59
The protiene source is 44-48%CP and has anti-nutritional factors
Soybean meal
60
The energy source that has a higher protiene level than corn and as a result is more expensive
Wheat
61
This protiene source has 27-30%CP
DDGS
62
This protiene source is mostly used in nursery diets for its excelent amino acid profile
Fish meal
63
Two mthods of Feed processing
* Grinding * Peleting
64
An antibiotic used to treat respiratory illnesses
Tylosin
65
An antibiotic used to treat infections
Chlortetracyclie
66
An antibiotic used to treat gut health
Virginiamgcin
67
Three common probiotics
* Lactobacillus * Bacilla * Saceharomyces
68
This enzyme saves on phosphours supplementation
Phytase
69
This enzyme breaks down fiber
Carbohydrase
70
This enzyme aids in protitene digestion
Protase
71
What are some reasons a pig may refuse to eat
* food contamination * rancid * improper mixing * health issues
72
This phase lasts from weaning til 50lbs gained and relies on a complex feeding transition 4-6x daily
Nursery phase
73
This phase lasts from 50lbs to 130lbs and relies on at will feedingand a reduction of protein
Grower Phase
74
At this phase the pig is 125lbs and the focus is on feed effiencey
Finnisher Phase
75
Gestating sows have _ feeding
controled
76
Lactating Sows have _ feeding
at-will
77
Body condition score range for pigs Ideal body score
1-5 3
78
Benefits of pelleting
- 4-6% improved feed efficiency - 20-30% less waste - better flow
79
Benefits of grinding
Feed efficiency improved by 1.2% Digestibility improved by 1%
80
This disease is caused by a vitamin E/selenium deficiency and causes blue tinged skin
Mulberry heart disease

Animal Nutrition (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions