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KIN 345 > Exam 3 Cram > Flashcards

Exam 3 Cram Flashcards

(66 cards)

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1
Q

How many DOF do the distal, middle, and proximal phalanges have, and what kind of joint?

A

1 degree of Freedom (Flex/Ext of the toes), it is a hinge joint

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2
Q

How many DOF do Metatarsal Phalangeal joints have, and what kind of joint?

A

2 degrees of freedom (Flex/Ext) (Abd/Add), it is a condular joint.

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3
Q

How many DOF do Intertarsal joints have, and what kind of joint?

A

Zero degrees of freedom, it is a gliding joint.

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4
Q

How many DOF do the Subtalor joints have, and what kind of joint is it?

A

1 degree of freedom (Inv/Eversion of the foot), it can either be a pivot or hinge joint.

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5
Q

How many DOF does the Talocrural Joint (ANKLE) have, and what kind of joint is it?

A

1 degree of freedom (DORSI/PLANTAR), it is a hinge joint.

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6
Q

How many DOF does the Tibiofibular joint have, and what kind of joint is it?

A

Zero degrees of freedom, they are syndesmotic joints.

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7
Q

How many DOF does the Patellatibular joint have, and what kind of joint is it?

A

Zero Degrees of freedom, it is a gliding joint.

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8
Q

How many DOF does the Tibiofemoral joint have, and what kind of joint is it?

A

Two degrees of freedom (Flex/Ext) and (IN ROT/EX ROT), it is a condular joint

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9
Q

How many DOF does the Hip joint have, and what kind of joint is it?

A

3 degrees of freedom (Hip Flex/ext, Abd/Add, IN ROT/EX ROT), it is a ball and socket joint.

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10
Q

What muscles will invert the Subtalor joints?

A

Gastroc, Soleus, Plantaris, Tib Pos, Flexor Hallucis longus, Flexor digitorum longus, Tib Ant

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11
Q

What muscles will evert the Subtalor joints?

A

Peroneus Longus, Brevis, and Tertius

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12
Q

What MTCs will cause torque to plantar flex in the Talocrural joint?

A

Gastroc, soleus, plantaris, Post Tib, Flexor Hallucis longus, Flexor Digitorum Longus, Peroneus Longus, and Brevis.

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13
Q

What MTCs will cause torque to dorsiflex in the Talocrural jount?

A

Tib Ant, Extensor Hallicus Longus, Extensor Digitorum Longus, and Peroneus Tertius.

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14
Q

What MTCs will cause torque to extend the tibiofemoral joint?

A

Rec Fem, Vast Med, Vast Lat, and Vas Inter (Quads)

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15
Q

What MTCs will cause torque to flex the tibiofemoral Joint?

A

Bic Fem, Semimembranosus, Semitendinosus, and Gastro, Gracillis, Sartorius, and Popliteus.

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16
Q

What MTCs will cause torque to internally rotate the tibiofemoral Joint?

A

Semimembranosus, Semitendinosus, Gracillis, Sartorius, and Popliteus

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17
Q

What MTCs will cause torque to externally rotate the tibiofemoral joint?

A

Bicep Fem

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18
Q

What MTCs will cause torque to extend the hip joint?

A

Glut Max, Bic Fem, Semimem., Semitend., and adductor magnus

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19
Q

What MTCs will cause torque to flex the hip joint?

A

Ilacus, Psoas Major, Rec fem, Sartorius, Tensor Fascia Latae

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20
Q

What MTcs will cause torque to adduct the hip joint?

A

Pectineus, adductor brevis, adductor longus, adductor magnus, and Gracillis

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21
Q

What MTCs will cause torque to abduct the hip joint?

A

Glut Medius, Tensor Fascia Latae, and Glut Minimus

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22
Q

What MTCs will cause torque to ER the hip joint?

A

Glut Max, Piriformis, Glut Med, and Sartorius

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23
Q

What MTCs will cause torque to IR the hip joint?

A

Pectineus, Adductor Brevis, Adductor Longus, and TFL

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24
Q

What are the external forces when lifting?

A

Gravity and Intertial Forces

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25
A deeper squat will do what to the moment arms?
Will create larger moment arms and require more torque on joints
26
How does trunk positioning relate to moment arms?
The upright position will dec moment arm at the hip, inc at the knee, and dec at the ankle.
27
What are the two rules for lifting safely?
Keep load close to spine and keep curves of spine
28
What are the three ways to pick something up from the ground?
Squat (Cost most energy), Stoop (Deadlift), and Golfer's Pick up (For lighter loads)
29
What joints is the functional spinal unit made up of?
Interbody Joint and the right/left zygapophysial (FACET) joint
30
The regional differences and spinal mobilities are more responsible for what joint?
Facet Joints
31
What are the motions of the thoracolumbar spine?
Flex, Ext, Lateral Flex and bending, Rotation
32
What are the motions of the craniocervical spine?
Flexion, Ext, and rotation
33
What makes up the shoulder complex?
SC Joint, AC Joint, Glenohumeral Joint, and Scapularthoracic articulation
34
How many DOF does the SC joint have and what kind of joint is it?
Has two degrees of freedom (Elevation/depression) (Protraction/Retraction), saddle joint
35
How many DOF does the AC joint have and what kind of joint is it?
It has one degree of freedom (Upward/Downward rotation of scapula), gliding joint
36
What type of motion does the Scapulothoracic articulation have?
Protraction, retraction, elevation, depression, downward rotation of thorax, or upward rotation of thorax.
37
How many DOF does the Glenohumeral joint have and what kind of joint is it?
It has three degrees of freedom (Flex/Ext, Abd/Add, IR/ER), Ball and socket joint
38
What makes up total shoulder motion?
Glenohumeral joint motion and scapulothoracic motion.
39
What are the 3 different types of arm elevation?
Flexion, Scaption, and abduction
40
What makes up the Elbow complex?
Humeralradial joint and Humeralulnar joint
41
How many DOF does the Elbow complex have and what kind of joint is it?
1 Degrees of freedom (Flex/Ext) Hinge joint
42
How many DOF do the Radioulnar joints have and what kind of joint is it?
1 Degrees of freedom (Pronation/Supination) Pivot Joint
43
How many DOF do the Wrist complex have and what kind of joint is it?
2 degrees of freedom (Flex/Ext, Radial Deviation/Ulnar Deviation) Condular Joint
44
How many DOF do the Carpometacarpal and Intercarpal joints have and what kind of joint is it?
Zero degrees of freedom, gliding joint
45
How many DOF does the first 1st CMC joint (THUMB) have and what kind of joint is it?
2 Degrees of freedom (Flex/Ext, Abd/Add), Saddle joint
46
How many DOF do the MCP (Fingers) joints have and what kind of joint is it?
2 degrees of freedom (Flex/Ext, Abd/add), Saddle joints
47
How many DOF do the interphalangeal joints have and what kind of joint is it?
1 Degree of freedom (Flex/Ext), Pivot Joint
48
What MTCs act on the Scapulothoracic Articulation (SC+AC joint motion)
Protraction - Serratus Anterior Retraction - Mid Trap, Rhom, Low Trap Elevation - Up Trap, Lev Scap, Rhom Depression - Low Trap, Pec Minor, Subclavius Upward Rotation - Serratus Anterior, Up Trap, Low Trap Downward Rotation - Rhom, Pec minor
49
What MTCs act on the Glenohumeral Joint?
Flexion - Ant Delt, Pec Major, Coracobrachialis, and biceps brachii Extension - Lats, Teres Major, Post Delt Abduction - Supraspinatus, Ant Delt, Mid Delt Adduction - Lats, Teres Major, Pec Major IR - Pec Major, Lats, Teres Major, Subscapularis ER - Infraspinatus, Teres Minor
50
What MTCs act on the Elbow complex?
Extension - Triceps and Anconeus Flexion - Biceps brachii, Brachialis, and Brachioradialis
51
What MTCs act on the radioulnar joint?
Supination - Biceps brachii, Supinator, Brachioradialis Pronation - Pronator Teres, Pronator Quadratus, and Brachioradialis
52
What MCTs act on the Wrist complex?
Flexion - Extension Carpi Radialis Longus Extensions Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Extensor Digitorum Extension - Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Flexor Digitorum Profundus Plamaris Longus Radial Deviation - Flexor Carpi Radialis Extension Carpi Radialis Longus Extension Carpi Radialis Brevis Ulnar Deviation - Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
53
What is motor abundance?
If we have more DOF for the elemental variables than performing variables there will be many solutions for a problem.
54
What is compensatory motion?
If one of the elemental variables is lacking then the other elemental variables will make up for it.
55
When both segments are rotating in the SAME direction at submaximal speed and maximal speed?
Submaximal - Swing pattern Maximal - Whip pattern
56
When the segments are rotating in opposite directions and moving further away from the origin what is it called?
An extension Pattern
57
When the segments are rotating in opposite directions and moving closer to the origin what is it called?
A flexion pattern
58
What kind of pattern happens during gait?
Spring-loaded inverted pendulum. Depending on how stiff will determine if it is walking or running
59
What happens in a torso rotation?
Shoulder and pelvic separation
60
What type of Energy transfers are there?
Link to Link Joint to link Joint to Joint Link to Joint
61
Why do we want to maximize something or minimize something?
Improve performance and reduce injury risk by modifying technique or equipment
62
What are the classes of movements?
Discrete - Point A to be Point B Cyclic - Repeated action Serial - Chain two or more discrete tasks
63
What are the phases of movements?
For discrete - 3 phases = Preparatory, propulsion, and braking Cyclic - 2 phases = Propulsion phase and recovery
64
What are critical elements?
These are things that we can observe and they determine the outcome of the performance.
65
What type of constraints are there?
Organismic (Intrinsic) - Someone's ROM, power, height, and etc. Whatever shapes the way they perform Environmental - External factors Task - Rules of the game Mechanical - Rules of physics
66
What are some common identifying faults?
Stretch-Shortening Cycle Sequence and timing of movements Maximize the time/distance over which a force is applied

KIN 345 (4 decks)

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