Exam #3: Endocrine Disorders Flashcards
(44 cards)
With Iodide Transport Defects (ITD)…
- What is the status of iodide?
- What is the status of T4/T3?
- What is the status of TRH?
- What is the status of TSH?
- Low iodide
- Low T4/T3
Lack of negative feedback…
- High TRH
- High TSH
With Grave’s Disease…
- What is the status of T4/T3?
- What is the status of TRH?
- What is the status of TSH?
- High T4/T3
Increased negative feedback…
- Low TRH
- Low TSH
Low uptake of iodide causes what condition?
Hypothyroidism
High uptake of iodide causes what condition?
Hyperthyroidism
What condition involves deficiency of iodide due to low dietary intake? Is this hypo- or hyperthyroidism?
Iodide Transport Defects (ITD)
- Hypothyroidism
What condition involves autoantibodies bind to TSH receptor and stimulate thyroid gland (act like TSH)? Is this hypo- or hyperthyroidism?
Grave’s Disease
- Hyperthyroidism
What is another name for Conn’s Syndrome? What is the cause?
Primary Hyperaldosteronism
- Aldosterone-secreting tumor
What is another name for Primary Hyperaldosteronism? What is the cause?
Conn’s Syndrome
- Aldosterone-secreting tumor
What four findings are seen with Conn’s Syndrome/Primary Hyperaldosteronism?
- HTN
- Hypokalemia
- Alkalosis
- Hypernatremia
What three steroids are LOW with 17alpha-hydroxylase deficiency?
- Cortisol
- Androgens
- Aldosterone
Why is aldosterone low with 17alpha-hydroxylase deficiency?
HTN → NO renin secretion
- RAAS not activated = low aldosterone
What is another name for Addison’s Disease? What is the cause?
Primary Adrenocortical Insufficiency
- Autoimmune destruction of adrenal gland
What is another name for Primary Adrenocortical Insufficiency? What is the cause?
Addison’s Disease
- Autoimmune destruction of adrenal gland
What is HIGH with Addison’s Disease/Primary Adrenocortical Insufficiency? What three findings are LOW?
HIGH: ACTH
- LOW: aldosterone, cortisol, androgens
How does low aldosterone affect BP? How does high aldosterone affect BP?
- Low aldosterone: hypotension
- High aldosterone: hypertension
How does low aldosterone affect K+? How does high aldosterone affect K+?
- Low aldosterone: hyperkalemia
- High aldosterone: hypokalemia
What condition involves hyperpigmentation of skin on elbows, knees, nipples, scars? What causes this, and which gene more specifically?
Addison’s Disease/Primary Adrenocortical Insufficiency
- Due to high ACTH, as alpha-MSH gene = melanocyte-stimulating
Differentiate secondary and tertiary Adrenocortical Insufficiency. What three findings are LOW? Which is normal?
- Secondary: difficulty secreting ACTH
- Tertiary: low CRH so low ACTH
LOW ACTH, cortisol and androgens
- Normal aldosterone
With Cushing’s, how can you differentiate syndrome from disease? What findings is HIGH for both?
- SYNDROME: low ACTH
- DISEASE: high ACTH
BOTH have high cortisol
What four symptoms are seen with Cushing’s Syndrome/Disease?
- Hyperglycemia
- Abnormal fat distribution (buffalo hump, moon face)
- HTN
- Muscle atrophy
What two steroids are LOW with 21beta-hydroxylase Deficiency?
- LOW aldosterone
- LOW cortisol
Why is ACTH high with 21beta-hydroxylase Deficiency?
No cortisol feedback = HIGH ACTH
What condition involves masculine features in child and adult females; newborn females can have male-type external genitalia?
21beta-hydroxylase Deficiency
What causes Cleidocranial Dysplasia?
Mutation in Runx2 gene
- Critical in bone development and osteoblast differentiation