exam 3 (glycogen + gluconeogenesis)

Question 1

what is glycogen used for

Answer 1

short term storage

Question 2

glycogenolysis

Answer 2

breaking glycogen

Question 3

glycogenesis

Answer 3

generating glycogen

Question 4

what is the primary bond used in a glycogen

Answer 4

1-4 linkage

Question 5

what is the bond used in glycogen when branching

Answer 5

1-6 linkage

Question 6

glycogenesis in the liver key word

Answer 6

“well fed”

Question 7

glycogenesis in the liver enzyme

Answer 7

glycogen synthase

Question 8

glycogenesis in muscles key word

Answer 8

“at rest”

Question 9

glycogenesis in muscles enzyme

Answer 9

glycogen synthase

Question 10

what regulates the enzyme used in glycogenesis

Answer 10

insulin

Question 11

glycogenolysis in the liver key word

Answer 11

“fasting”

Question 12

glycogenolysis in the liver enzyme

Answer 12

glycogen phosphorylase

Question 13

glycogenolysis in muscles key word

Answer 13

“exercising”

Question 14

glycogenolysis in muscles enzyme

Answer 14

glycogen phosphorylase

Question 15

glycogenolysis is regulated by _____ in the liver

Answer 15

glucagon

Question 16

glycogenolysis is regulated by _____ in muscles

Answer 16

epinephrine

Question 17

What is the predominant form of glucose formed by glycogenolysis

Answer 17

Glucose-1- phosphate

Question 18

What enzymes are used in glycogenesis

Answer 18

Glucokinase, phosphoglucomutase, glycogen synthase, branching enzyme

Question 19

Glucokinase

Answer 19

Converts glucose to glucose-6-p

Question 20

Phosphoglucomutase

Answer 20

Glucose-6-p to glucose-1-p

Question 21

Glycogen synthase

Answer 21

Convert glucose-1-p + UTP to UDP-glucose + PPi

Question 22

What kind of bond does glycogen synthase make

Answer 22

1-4 bond

Question 23

Branching enzyme

Answer 23

Breaks 1-4 bonds + makes 1-6 bonds

Question 24

What enzymes are used in glycogenolysis

Answer 24

Phosphoglucomutase, glycogen phosphorylase, debranching enzyme, glucosidase

Question 25

Phosphoglucomutase

Answer 25

Converts glucose-1-p to glucose-6-p

Question 26

Glycogen phosphorylase

Answer 26

Breaks 1-4 bond

Question 27

Debranching enzyme

Answer 27

Breaks a 1-4 bond and makes a 1-4 bond

Question 28

Glucosidase

Answer 28

Breaks a 1-6 bond

Question 29

Enzymes in gluconeogenesis

Answer 29

Glucose-6-phosphatase, fructose-1,6-bp, DHAP, phosphoglycerate kinase, PEP carboxykinase, pyruvate carboxylase

Question 30

Glucose-6-phosphatase

Answer 30

Converts glucose-6-p to glucose

Question 31

Fructose-1,6-bp

Answer 31

Converts f-1,6-bp to f-6-p

Question 32

DHAP

Answer 32

Converts glyceraldehyde-3-p to f-1,6-bp

Question 33

Phosphoglycerate kinase

Answer 33

Converts 3-phosphoglycerate to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate

Question 34

PEP carboxykinase

Answer 34

Converts OAA to phosphoenol-pyruvate

Question 35

Pyruvate carboxylase

Answer 35

Converts pyruvate to OAA

Question 36

What process uses glycogen synthase? (Glycogenolysis or glycogenesis)

Answer 36

Glycogenesis

Question 37

What process uses glycogen phosphorylase? (Glycogenolysis or glycogenesis)

Answer 37

Glycogenolysis