Exam 3 Materials

Question 1

Why do cells divide?

Answer 1

To replace old cells, reproduction and growth

Question 2

Define Mitosis

Answer 2

division of one cell = entire new organism (eukaryote)

Question 3

Define Binary Fussion

Answer 3

Division of one cell = entire new organism in prokaryotes

Question 4

Define Mitosis

Answer 4

Division of one cell contributes to development, growth, repair of complex systems

Question 5

Sexually reproducing organisms make haploid gametes through what process?

Answer 5

Meiosis

Question 6

Interphase consists of what stages?

Answer 6

G1, S and G2

Question 7

Mitotic phase consist of

Answer 7

Mitosis and cytokinesis

Question 8

G1 stands for

Answer 8

a growth phase called the first gap

Question 9

S stands for

Answer 9

synthesis where DNA is replicated

Question 10

G2 stands for

Answer 10

Second gap growth phase

Question 11

Mitosis

Answer 11

one diploid parent cell becomes two genetically identical daughter cells

Question 12

cytokinesis

Answer 12

where the cells are actually splitting

Question 13

Genome

Answer 13

all the genetic material in the cell

Question 14

Chromosome

Answer 14

how DNA molecules are packaged in the cell

Question 15

Gene

Answer 15

unit of heredity; passed down from parent to offspring. Usually “codes” for pheontype

Question 16

Prophase

Answer 16

condensing of the chromosomes and the nuclear envelope dissolves

Question 17

Metaphase

Answer 17

chromosomes line up on the metaphase plate

Question 18

metaphase plate

Answer 18

a plane midway between the spindles two poles

Question 19

Anaphase

Answer 19

the chromosomes start to separate

Question 20

Telophase

Answer 20

chromosomes are on opposite ends of cell, nuclear envelope starts to form

Question 21

cytokinesis

Answer 21

pinching of the cell membrane

Question 22

cleavage furrow

Answer 22

see in animal cells in cytokinesis

Question 23

cell plate

Answer 23

see in plant cells in cytokinesis

Question 24

Cell division is regulated by

Answer 24

internal and external controls

Question 25

_________ occur throughout the cell cycle that tell a cell to divide, grow or do nothing

Answer 25

checkpoints

Question 26

_________ are involved in the checkpoints

Answer 26

regulatory proteins

Question 27

cancer cells

Answer 27

do not respond normally to the body control mechanisms. Cancer cells can grow uncontrolled and can spread to other parts of the body

Question 28

tumor

Answer 28

abnormal growth of tissue

Question 29

benign tumor

Answer 29

cells remain at original site

Question 30

malignant tumor

Answer 30

cells invade the surrounding tissue