Exam #3 MOAs

Question 1

MOAs of ALL sex hormones (steroids)?

Answer 1

Bind nuclear receptors

- Involves DNA processing so TAKES TIME

Question 2

MOA of Mifepristone?

Answer 2

Progesterone/glucocorticoid receptor antagonist

Question 3

MOA of Anastrozole?

Answer 3

Inhibit estrogen synthesis ONLY (not other steroids)

- Aromatase Inhibitors

Question 4

MOA of Tamoxifen and Clomiphene?

Answer 4

SERM (selective estrogen receptor modulator)

- Antiestrogens

Question 5

MOA of Finasteride (Propecia)?

Answer 5

Inhibition of 5alpha-Reductase (no DHT)

Question 6

MOA of Raloxifene?

Answer 6

SERM (selective estrogen receptor modulator)

Question 7

MOA of Yaz (Drospirenone specifically)?

Answer 7

Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist

Question 8

MOA of Glucagon?

Answer 8

Increase blood glucose levels by mobilizing hepatic glycogen WHEN AVAILABLE (must be well-controlled diabetic)

Question 9

MOA of Diazoxide?

Answer 9

Non-diuretic thiazide

Question 10

MOA of Metformin (be specific)?

Answer 10

Decrease glucose levels in an insulin-independent manner

- Increase glucose removal from blood via AMPK

Question 11

MOA of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists?

Answer 11

Resistant to DPP-4 degradation

Question 12

MOA of DPP-4 Inhibitors?

Answer 12

Inhibit breakdown of incretins BY DPP-4 (DPP-4 inhibited)

Question 13

MOA of SGLT-2 Inhibitors?

Answer 13

Inhibit sodium-glucose co-transporter (SGLT-2) = glucose excreted in urine

Question 14

MOA of TZDs (be specific)?

Answer 14

Lower insulin resistance via PPARgamma receptor

- Insulin-like effects within cell

Question 15

MOA of Acarbose, Miglitol?

Answer 15

Inhibit alpha-glucosidases in small intestine → delayed breakdown of complex carbs

Question 16

MOA of SUs?

Answer 16

Block ATP-sensitive K+ channels → increase Ca influx → increased insulin release

Question 17

MOA of Repaglinide?

Answer 17

Same as SUs

- Block ATP-sensitive K+ channels → increase Ca influx → increased insulin release

Question 18

MOA of Colesevelam?

Answer 18

UNKNOWN

- Bile acid binding resin

Question 19

MOA of Bromocriptine?

Answer 19

Dopamine Agonist = quick release

Question 20

MOA of Pramlintide?

Answer 20

Synthetic analog of Amylin so works with insulin to regulate postprandial glucose
- Amylin-like Peptide

Question 21

MOA of Ergonovine maleate?

Answer 21

Alpha agonist (contracts uterine smooth muscle)

Question 22

MOA of Tranexamic acid?

Answer 22

Anti-fibrinolytic → inhibits plasminogen activation

- Allows for clotting

Question 23

MOA of Nifedipine?

Answer 23

CCB

- Inhibit Ca influx via L-type channels

Question 24

MOA of Indomethacin?

Answer 24

NSAID

- Inhibits COX enzyme → Inhibits PG synthesis

Question 25

MOA of Methimazole, PTU? Additional MOA of PTU?

Answer 25

Inhibit T4 synthesis | - PTU also inhibits peripheral conversion of T4 to T3

Question 26

MOA of Iodide?

Answer 26

Decrease synthesis/release of T4 and T3

Question 27

MOA of Propranolol?

Answer 27

Inhibit peripheral conversion of T4 to T3

Question 28

MOA of Calcitonin (2)?

Answer 28

- Inhibit osteoclasts | - Antagonize PTH

Question 29

MOA of Teriparatide? What does this cause?

Answer 29

INTERMITTENTLY binds to RG receptor | - Increases osteoblast activity (builds bone)

Question 30

MOA of Abaloparatide? What does this cause?

Answer 30

Binds to RG receptor | - Increases osteoblast activity (builds bone)

Question 31

MOA of rhPTH? What does this cause?

Answer 31

Binds to R0 receptor | - Increases osteoclast activity (breaks down bone)

Question 32

MOA of Denosumab?

Answer 32

Ab to RANKL = inhibits RANKL (no osteoclast activity)

Question 33

MOA of Alendronate, Risedronate, Ibandronate, Zoledronic Acid?

Answer 33

Incorporates PO4 into bone → Inhibits osteoclast activity

Question 34

MOA of Ketoconazole?

Answer 34

Inhibits steroid synthesis at high doses | - Antifungal agent

Question 35

MOA of Spironolactone?

Answer 35

Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist