Exam 3: Muscle Attatchment and Action Flashcards by Amy Thoby

epicranial aponeurosis → skin of the forehead and eyebrows

Raises eyebrows

Frontal Belly of Occipitofrontalis

Raises eyebrows

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occipital bone → epicranial aponeurosis

Retracts scalp

Occipital belly of Occipitofrontalis

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medial wall of the orbit → skin surrounding eyelids

Closes eye (blink)

Orbicularis Oculi

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encircling the mouth

Compresses and purse lips (kissing)

Orbicularis Oris

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areolar process of the maxilla & mandible → orbicularis oris

Compress Cheek (whistle)

Buccinator

Compress Cheek (whistle)

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zygomatic bone → upper edge of the lips

Raises corners of mouth (smiling)

Zygomaticus

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fascia of deltoid and pectoralis major → skin of cheek and mandible

Pulls lower lips, tense neck skin

Platysma

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zygomatic bone → mandible

Closes jaw (chew)

Masseter

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lateral temporal bone → coronoid process mandible

Closes jaw (chew)

Temporalis

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Superior Attatchment- mandible and mastoid process
Inferior Attatchment- hyoid bone

Elevates hyoid bone
Depresses mandible

Digastric

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Superior Attatchment- internal surface of mandible
Inferior Attatchment- hyoid bone

Elevates hyoid bone as in swallowing

Mylohyoid

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Superior Attatchment- hyoid bone
Inferior Attatchment- sternum & medial clavicle

swallowing

Sternohyoid

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Superior Attatchment- Mastoid process
Inferior Attatchment- Manubrium & medial clavicle

Bilateral: flex head

Unilateral: flex head s. side, turn head opp. side

Sternocleidomastoid

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Superior Attatchment- Cervical transverse process
Inferior Attatchment- Superior surface of 1st & 2nd ribs

Elevates first and second ribs

Scalene Muscles

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Superior Attatchment- Mastoid process, transverse process and spinous process of the cervical thoracic spine
Inferior Attatchment- Iliac crest, sacrum & lumbar spinous process

Unilateral: laterally flex vc
Bilateral: extend vc (maintain posture)

Erector Spinae:
Iliocostalis
Longissimus
Spinalis

Bilateral: extend vc (maintain posture)

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Superficial Attatchment- spinous process of the vertebra 2 to 4 segments above the inferior attachment
Inferior Attatchment- sacrum and transverse process of each vertebraMultifidus

Unilateral: flex and rotate vc
Bilateral: extends vertebral column

Multifidus

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Superficial Attachment- lumbar transverse process
Inferior Attatchment- iliac crust

Unilateral: rotates vc to other side
Bilateral: extends vertebral column

Quadratus Lumborum

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Superficial Attachment- Inferior boarder of superior ribs
Inferior Attatchment- Superior boarder of inferior ribs

Elevates rib cage

External Intercostals

Elevates rib cage

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Superficial Attachment- Superior boarder of inferior ribs
Inferior Attatchment- Inferior boarder of superior ribs

Depresses rib cage

Internal Intercostals

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Superficial Attachment- central tendon
Inferior Attatchment- Xyphoid process internal surface of ribs 7-12, lumbar vertebrae

Increases and decreases thoracic volume

Diaphragm

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Superficial Attachment- Xiphoid process
Inferior Attatchment- Pubic symphysis

Flexes vertebral column & compresses abdominal wall

Rectus Abdominus

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inferior border of a rib 5 – 12 →
linea Alba by aponeurosis

Unilat.: lat. flex and rotate vcExternal Obliques

Bilat.: flex vc & compress abdom. wall

External Obliques

Bilat.: flex vc & compress abdom. wall

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lumbar fascia, inguinal ligament, iliac crest → linea Alba, pubic crest, rib 9 to 12

Same as the external oblique

Internal Oblique

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lumbar fascia, iliac crest, inguinal ligament, rib 7-12→ linea Alba, pubic crest

Compresses abdominal wall

Transversus Abdominus

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* **Superficial Attachment**- coracoid process of scapula * **Inferior Attatchment**- rib 3-5 | protract scapula

Pectoralis Minor

* **Superficial Attachment**- anterior medial border of scapula * **Inferior Attatchment**- anterior rib 1- 8 | protracts scapula

Serratus Anterior | protracts scapula

* **Superficial Attachment**- *Medial: Occiput, spinous process of C7-T12 * **Inferior Attatchment**- *Lateral: medial boarder of scapula | Middle: retracts scapula Lower: depress scapula Upper: elevates scapula

Trapezius

* **Superficial Attachment**- *Medial: spinous process of C5-T5 * **Inferior Attatchment**- *Lateral: medial boarder of scapula | Retracts scapula

Rhomboids | Retracts scapula

* **Superficial Attachment**- Transverse process of C1-4 * **Inferior Attatchment**- Superior medial boarder of scapula | Elevates Scapula

Levator Scapulae

* **Proximal Attachment**- T7-12 SPs, lower ribs, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia * **Distal Attatchment**- Intertubercular sulcus (humerus) | extends, adducts, medially rotates arm

Latissimus Dorsi

* **Proximal Attachment**- Clavicle and Sternum * **Distal Attatchment**- Intertubercular sulcus (humerus)Pectoralis Major | flexes, adducts & medially rotates arm

Pectoralis Major

* **Proximal Attachment**- Lateral clavicle, acromion & spine of scapula * **Distal Attatchment**- Deltoid Tuberosity (humerus)Deltoid | Mid: abducts arm Post: extends arm Ant: flexes arm

Deltoid

* **Proximal Attachment**- Coracoid process of scapula * **Distal Attatchment**- Middle humerus | Flexes & adducts arm

Coracobrachialis

* **Proximal Attachment**- inferior lateral scapula * **Distal Attatchment**- Intertubercular sulcus | Extends, medial rotates and adducts arm

Teres Major

* **Proximal Attachment**- Infraglenoid tubercle (scapula) * **Distal Attatchment**- Olecranon Process | Extends, adducts arm

Triceps Brachii (long head)

* **Proximal Attachment**- L: coracoid process S: supraglenoid tubercle (scapula) * **Distal Attatchment**- Radial Tuberosity | Weakly flexes arm

Biceps Brachii

* **Proximal Attachment**- Supraspinous Fossa * **Distal Attatchment**- Greater Tubercle (humerus) | Abducts arm

Supraspinatus

* **Proximal Attachment**- Infraspinatus Fossa * **Distal Attatchment**- Greater Tubercle (humerus) | Laterally Rotates arm

Infraspinatus

* **Proximal Attachment**- Lateral Border Scapulae * **Distal Attatchment**- Greater Tubercle (humerus) | Laterally Rotates arm

Teres Minor

* **Proximal Attachment**- Subscapular Fossa * **Distal Attatchment**- Lesser Tubercle | Medially Rotates arm

Subscapularis

* **Proximal Attachment**- distal anterior surface of humerus * **Distal Attatchment**- tuberosity coronoid process of ulna | Forearm Flexion (Elbow flexion)

Brachialis

* **Proximal Attachment**- L: coracoid process S: supraglenoid tubercle (scapula) * **Distal Attatchment**- Radial Tuberosity | Flexes and the supinates forearm

Biceps Brachii

* **Proximal Attachment**- lateral supracondylar Ridge of humerus * **Distal Attatchment**- styloid process of radius | Forearm Flexion

Brachioradialis

* **Proximal Attachment**- L: Infraglenoid tubercle (scapula) L & S: superior posterior humerus * **Distal Attatchment**- Olecranon of ulna | Extends forearm Extends arm (Long head only)

Triceps Brachii

* **Proximal Attachment**- medal epicondyle of humerus * **Distal Attatchment**- Olecranon of ulna | Pronates Forearm

Pronator Teres

* **Proximal Attachment**- Distal ulna * **Distal Attatchment**- distal radius | Pronates Forearm

Pronator Quadratus

* **Proximal Attachment**- lateral epicondyle of humerus * **Distal Attatchment**- Anterior lateral surface of radius | Supinates Forearm

Supinator

* **Proximal Attachment**- medial epicondyle of humerus * **Distal Attatchment**- base of metacarpals 2nd and 3rd | Flexes wrist, abducts hand

Flexor Carpi Radialis

* **Proximal Attachment**- medial epicondyle of humorous * **Distal Attatchment**- Palmer aponeurosis | Flexes wrist

Palmaris Longus

* **Proximal Attachment**- medial epicondyle of humerus * **Distal Attatchment**- Pisiform, hamate, metacarpal 5th | Flexes wrist, adducts hand

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

* **Proximal Attachment**- medial epicondyle of humerus * **Distal Attatchment**- middle phalanges 2- 5 | Flexes fingers (2-5) and wrist

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

* **Proximal Attachment**- anterior shaft of radius * **Distal Attatchment**- distal phalanx of thumb | Flexes Thumb (MP & IP joint)

Flexor Pollicis Longus

* **Proximal Attachment**- anterior medial surface of ulna * **Distal Attatchment**- Distal phalanges of fingers 2-5 | Flexes fingers (2-5) and wrist

Flexor Digitorum Profundus

* **Proximal Attachment**- Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus * **Distal Attatchment**- base of metacarpal II | Extends Wrist

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

* **Proximal Attachment**- lateral epicondyle of humerus * **Distal Attatchment**- base of metacarpal III | Extends Wrist

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis

* **Proximal Attachment**- lateral epicondyle of humerus * **Distal Attatchment**- distal & middle phalanges of fingers 2-5 | Extends Fingers

Extensor Digitorum

* **Proximal Attachment**- lateral epicondyle of humerus * **Distal Attatchment**- proximal phalanx of finger 5 | Extends Little Finger

Extensor Digiti Minimi

* **Proximal Attachment**- lateral epicondyle of humerus * **Distal Attatchment**- Base of Metacarpal V | Extends Wrist

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

* **Proximal Attachment**- posterior surface of ulna * **Distal Attatchment**- distal phalanx of thumb | Extends Thumb (MP & IP joints)

Extensor Pollicis Longus

* **Proximal Attachment**- posterior surface of radius * **Distal Attatchment**- proximal phalanx of thumb | Extends Thumb (MP joint)

Extensor Pollicis Brevis

* **Proximal Attachment**- T12-L5 Vertebrae * **Distal Attatchment**- Lesser Trochanter | Flexes thigh

Psoas Major

* **Proximal Attachment**- Iliac fossa * **Distal Attatchment**- Lesser Trochanter | Flexes thigh

Iliacus

* **Proximal Attachment**- ASIS * **Distal Attatchment**- Quadriceps tendon to Patella and then Patella ligament to tibial tuberosity | flexes thigh; extends leg

Rectus Femoris

* **Proximal Attachment**- ASIS * **Distal Attatchment**- Tibial tuberosity, medial side | Flexes thigh, flexes & medially rotates leg

Sartorius

* **Proximal Attachment**- proximal dorsal surfaces of radius and ulna * **Distal Attatchment**- lateral metacarpal I | Abduct Thumb

Abductor Pollicis Longus

* **Proximal Attachment**- posterior surface of ulna * **Distal Attatchment**- tendon of extensor digitorum | EXTENDS FINGER 2 (MP, PIP, DIP JOINTS)

Extensor Indices

* **Proximal Attachment**- Pubis & Ischial Tuberosity * **Distal Attatchment**- Linea aspera (femur) & Adductor Tubercle | Adducts & flexes thigh

Adductor Magnus

* **Proximal Attachment**- Pubis * **Distal Attatchment**- Linea aspera (femur) | Adducts & flexes thigh

Adductor Longus

* **Proximal Attachment**- Pubis * **Distal Attatchment**- Upper Linea aspera (femur) | Adducts & flexes thigh

Adductor Brevis

* **Proximal Attachment**- Pubis * **Distal Attatchment**- Upper medial surface of tibia | Adducts & flexes thigh

Gracilis

* **Proximal Attachment**- Iliac Crest & ASIS * **Distal Attatchment**- Iliotibial Tract | Flexes and abducts thigh

Tensor Fasciae Latae

* **Proximal Attachment**- Iliac crest * **Distal Attatchment**- Lateral condyle of tibia

Iliotibial Tract (Not a Muscle)

* **Proximal Attachment**- Iliac Crest, sacrum, Coccyx * **Distal Attatchment**- iliotibial tract, linea aspera and gluteal tuberosity | Extends & laterally rotates thigh

Gluteus Maximus

* **Proximal Attachment**- posterior iliac Crest * **Distal Attatchment**- Greater trochanter | Abducts, medially rotates thigh

Gluteus Medius

* **Proximal Attachment**- lateral surface of ilium * **Distal Attatchment**- Greater trochanter | Abducts, medially rotates thigh

Gluteus Minimus

* **Proximal Attachment**- L: Ischial Tuberosity S: Linea Aspera * **Distal Attatchment**- Fibula Head | Flexes leg, extends thigh

Biceps Femoris (Long & short head)

* **Proximal Attachment**- Ischial Tuberosity * **Distal Attatchment**- Medial Proximal Tibia | Flexes leg, extends thigh

Semitendinosus

* **Proximal Attachment**- Ischial Tuberosity * **Distal Attatchment**- Medial Proximal Tibia | Flexes leg, extends thigh

Semimembranosus

* **Proximal Attachment**- AIIS * **Distal Attatchment**- Quadriceps tendon to Patella and then Patella ligament to tibial tuberosity | Extends Leg, flexes thigh

Rectus Femoris

* **Proximal Attachment**- Greater Trochanter & Linea Aspera * **Distal Attatchment**- Quadriceps tendon to Patella and then Patella ligament to tibial tuberosity | Extends Leg

Vastus Lateralis

* **Proximal Attachment**- Intertrochanteric Line and Linea Aspera * **Distal Attatchment**- Quadriceps tendon to Patella and then Patella ligament to tibial tuberosity | Extends Leg

Vastus Medialis

* **Proximal Attachment**- Proximal Anterior Lateral Thigh * **Distal Attatchment**- Quadriceps tendon to Patella and then Patella ligament to tibial tuberosity | Extends Leg

Vastus Intermedius

* **Proximal Attachment**- Lateral Condyle & proximal shaft of tibia * **Distal Attatchment**- Metatarsal I & 1st Cuneiform | Dorsiflexes & inverts foot

Tibialis Anterior

* **Proximal Attachment**- Lateral condyle of tibia, anterior surface of a fibula * **Distal Attatchment**- distal phalanges of toes 2-5 | Extends toes; dorsiflexes foot

Extensor Digitorum Longus

* **Proximal Attachment**- anterior surface of fibula * **Distal Attatchment**- distal phalanx of great toe | Extends hallux; dorsiflexes foot

Extensor Hallucis Longus

* **Proximal Attachment**- head and the shaft of fibula * **Distal Attatchment**- Base of the metatarsals | Plantar flexes & everts foot

Fibularis Longus & Brevis

* **Proximal Attachment**- Lateral and Medial Condyles of Femur * **Distal Attatchment**- Calcaneus (via calcaneal tendon) | Flexes leg; plantar flexes foot

Gastrocnemius

* **Proximal Attachment**- Proximal Tibia and Fibula * **Distal Attatchment**- Calcaneus (via calcaneal tendon) | Plantar flexion (Foot)

Soleus

* **Proximal Attachment**- Fibula, tibia, interosseous membrane * **Distal Attatchment**- metatarsals, navicular bone, cuboid bone, all cuneiforms | Plantar flexes & Inverts foot

Tibialis Posterior

* **Proximal Attachment**- lateral condyle femur * **Distal Attatchment**- posterior proximal tibia | Flexes Knee (unlocks the knee)

Popliteus

* **Proximal Attachment**- posterior medial tibia * **Distal Attatchment**- Distal phalanges of toes 2-5 | Flexes toes, plantar flexes foot

Flexor Digitorum Longus

* **Proximal Attachment**- posterior lower tibia * **Distal Attatchment**- Distal phalanges of great toe | Flexes hallux, plantar flexes foot

Flexor Hallucis Longus

Exam 3: Muscle Attatchment and Action Flashcards

(92 cards)