exam 3: nutrition principles (protein)

Question 1

if synthetic amino acids are added properly, they can reduce ___________ and maintain ____________

Answer 1

feed costs
pig performance

Question 2

what 2 feed-grade amino acids are commonly added to swine diets

Answer 2

lysine
methionine

**supplemental lysine can reduce the amount of SBM needed

Question 3

what is the by-product from various tissues obtained from packing plants

Answer 3

meat and bone meal (non-porcine)

Question 4

poultry meal

Answer 4

by product from viscera and various tissue from poultry packing

Question 5

spray-dried egg

Answer 5

by-product of egg industry (B eggs)

**show benefits to improve health in recently weaned pigs

Question 6

what diets is whey products most commonly

Answer 6

nursery

Question 7

derived from milk curdling during production of cheese and yogurt

Answer 7

whey

Question 8

whey is a source of what two things

Answer 8

protein
lactose

Question 9

dried whey has a ________CP compared to soybean meal and high _________ concentration

Answer 9

low
lactose

Question 10

Whey protein concentrate has a _________ CP concentrate, _________ lactose concentration and is used in the __________ industry limiting its use in swine diets

Answer 10

high
low
food (human protein powder)

Question 11

fish meal is a product obtained by processing

Answer 11

whole fish or fish waste

** typically herring
**common in nursery diets

Question 12

fish meal has _______ concentrations of CP and lysine, favorable __________ profile and ___________ fatty acids

Answer 12

high
AA
omega-3

Question 13

fish meal in swine diets enhance ____________ and feed intake

Answer 13

palatability

Question 14

spray dried blood products are by-products obtained from _________ and ________ harvesting plants

Answer 14

swine
bovine

Question 15

what are the 2 products classified as spray-dried blood products

Answer 15

blood meal (81%CP)

Plasma protein (75% CP)

Question 16

the concentration of methionine and isoleucine in spray dried blood products is ________ but CP/lysine content is ________

Answer 16

low
high

Question 17

most common animal protein

Answer 17

spray dried blood products

Question 18

cottonseed meal is the by-product of

Answer 18

oil extraction from cotton seeds

Question 19

what antinutritional factor is in cottonseed

Answer 19

gossypol, found in the pigment of cottonseed

needs to be heated to inactivate

toxic; not allowed over 100ppm in complete diets for swine

Question 20

what is bad about heating gossypool

Answer 20

allows free gossypol to bind to lysine and reduces lysine digestibility

Question 21

cottonseed has lower _______________ than SBM, and _______ fiber content

Answer 21

CP and lysine
high (20-25% NDF)

Question 22

Animal protein sources have been used to minimize _______________________ in nursery diets and encourage ________________ in recently weaned pigs

Answer 22

soybean meal inclusion
feed intake

Question 23

animal protein sources are __________ and contain highly digestible _____________

Answer 23

palatable
amino acids

Question 24

T/F animal protein is LESS expensive than plant sources

Answer 24

FALSE

Question 25

animal protein sources undergo ________________ that eliminates most pathogens

Answer 25

thermal processing

Question 26

sunflower meal

Answer 26

the byproduct of oil extraction from sunflower seed

Question 27

compared to SBM, sunflower meal and canola is __________ in CP/lysine but greater in _____________

Answer 27

lower
methionine

Question 28

during digestion, proteins are broken down into individual__________________ that are absorbed into the _____________

Answer 28

amino acids
bloodstream

Question 29

proteins are made of approx how many different amino acids

Answer 29

20

Question 30

what amino acid is the most important in determining protein quality

Answer 30

LYSINE

Question 31

diets deficient in one or more amino acid results in

Answer 31

poor growth rate
poor feed conversion
unthrifty pigs
reduced repro performance

Question 32

if a diet is inadequate in any essential amino acid, protein synthesis cannot proceed beyond the rate a which that amino acid is available, this is known as

Answer 32

limiting amino acid

Question 33

Protein for swine diets can be ________ or __________

Answer 33

plant or animal

plant= most common, cheaper, more available

animal= more expensive, POST WEANING DIETS

Question 34

factors to consider when selecting a protein source

Answer 34

amino acid profile
digestability
cost
energy content

Question 35

examples of soybean products

Answer 35

soybean meal (most common)
full-fat soybeans
soy protein concentrate
fermented SBM

Question 36

soybeans contain a ______________ inhibitor that needs heated to be inactivated

Answer 36

trypsin

Question 37

why is soybean meal not really the best choice for swine diets

Answer 37

they have a hypersensitivity reaction to SBM

allergic proteins
poor nutrient absorption
poor growth performance
gradually acclimate to increase amounts of SBM

Question 38

leading protein source for swine diets due to its superior quality and amino acid profile

Answer 38

soybean meal
cheapest
~45.7% CP

Question 39

Does canola have a high fiber content

Answer 39

yes, 20-25% NDF

**reduces energy value

Question 40

canola meal

Answer 40

the byproduct of oil extraction from canola seed

Question 41

T/F the fiber content of sunflower meal is very high

Answer 41

TRUE ~30%NDF