EXAM 3 PHARM

Question 1

A client who is 32 weeks’ pregnant asks if ginger can be used for occasional episodes of nausea. What is the best response by the nurse?

Answer 1

It may cause uterine contractions.

Question 2

A client with a low potassium level reports taking herbal supplements. Which supplement would the nurse suspect is causing the client to have this electrolyte imbalance?

Answer 2

Celery

Question 3

A client with type 2 diabetes reports taking nutritional supplements. Which supplement is reported to lower the client’s blood glucose level?

Answer 3

Coriander

Question 4

Which assessment data suggest to the nurse that the client is experiencing hypokalemia?

Answer 4

EKG confirmed prolonged PR interval

Question 5

A client is prescribed warfarin as treatment for atrial fibrillation. Which herbal supplement should the client avoid?

Answer 5

Grape seed extract

Question 6

A client with hyperlipidemia has recently been prescribed niacin. What information should the nurse include when teaching the client about this nutrient?

Answer 6

Flushing might occur but will pass in 2 hours.

Question 7

A client with elevated blood lipids wants to avoid taking medications. Which supplement might be helpful for the client’s condition?

Answer 7

Garlic

Question 8

Clients on prolonged antibiotics may increase the risk of vitamin K deficiency. Why is this?

Answer 8

Antibiotics kill intestinal bacteria that produce vitamin K

Question 9

Promethazine (Phenergan) is a derivative of phenothiazine making it an antiemetic and also which type of medication?

Answer 9

Antipsychotic

Question 10

A client with atrial fibrillation and a new diagnosis of bladder cancer is undergoing chemotherapy that is intensely emetic. What laboratory value should the nurse prioritize when monitoring for adverse effects of Aprepitant?

Answer 10

International normalized ratio (INR)

Question 11

When should a parent administer dimenhydrinate to a child who gets carsick?

Answer 11

4 hours before the trip

Question 12

Which statement is true regarding antiemetic medications?

Answer 12

They are most effective as prophylactic treatment.

Question 13

Which medications can be used in pregnancy for the treatment of nausea and vomiting?

Answer 13

All of the above

Question 14

A nurse is caring for a client who is actively vomiting. How quickly will ondansetron work when administered parentally?

Answer 14

1-2 minutes

Question 15

Which drug is similar to antihistamines but not as sedating?

Answer 15

Trimethobenzamide

Question 16

What is the mechanism of action of hydroxyzine (Vistaril) that enables it to have antiemetic effects?

Answer 16

Blocks the action of acetylcholine in the brain

Question 17

Which statement indicates that a client understands the teaching provided for psyllium?

Answer 17

The laxative will help me lower my cholesterol level.

Question 18

What drug might the nurse administer to a client who had surgery 2 days ago and bowel motility has not returned?

Answer 18

Metoclopramide

Question 19

What drug would the nurse request for a client with bone cancer receiving large doses of opioids who has not found relief from other laxatives?

Answer 19

Methylnaltrexone

Question 20

What are the pharmacokinetics of magnesium citrate?

Answer 20

Increases motility and the bulk of fecal matter.

Question 21

Which agent would the nurse expect to be prescribed for a client diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation?

Answer 21

Lubiprostone

Question 22

What is a correct statement regarding mineral oil as a laxative?

Answer 22

If aspirated, mineral oil can cause pneumonia.

Question 23

What is the rationale for adding bismuth to the medication regimen of a client with peptic ulcer disease complicated by H. pylori?

Answer 23

Provides antibacterial effects

Question 24

What medication should the nurse anticipate administering for a client who developed diarrhea from E. coli while overseas?

Answer 24

Rifaximin

Question 25

What should a nurse caution a breastfeeding client about using magnesium laxatives?

Answer 25

The newborn may experience diarrhea.

Question 26

What medication would the nurse anticipate providing for a client with a history of heart failure requiring a laxative for constipation?

Answer 26

Lactulose

Question 27

What should the nurse do when administering pantoprazole via nasogastric tube to a client in a coma?

Answer 27

Contact the health care provider to update the order to be administered intravenously.

Question 28

Which H-2 antagonist is identified as most potent?

Answer 28

Famotidine

Question 29

What health concern should the nurse assess for in a client reporting weakness and myalgia with a long history of acid indigestion?

Answer 29

Alkalosis

Question 30

Which structure is responsible for the mechanical breakdown of food?

Answer 30

Stomach

Question 31

Which local GI reflex will require evaluation when a client experiences difficulty with gastrointestinal motility?

Answer 31

Gastroenteric / Gastrocolic

Question 32

What complication should the nurse assess for in a client who has sustained damage to the omenta?

Answer 32

Infection

Question 33

Which substances are primarily absorbed by the large intestine?

Answer 33

Water / Sodium

Question 34

What unintended consequence could occur if a client ignores the need to defecate when busy?

Answer 34

The client’s external sphincter will require more distention to stimulate a defecation reflex.

Question 35

What H2 antagonist would the nurse expect to educate a client with hepatitis C experiencing gastroesophageal reflux?

Answer 35

Nizatidine

Question 36

What is an appropriate response by the nurse regarding when the pain will go away after prescribing omeprazole (Prilosec)?

Answer 36

Acid-inhibiting effects occur within 2 hours.

Question 37

What assessment should have priority for a 12-year-old client prescribed a proton pump inhibitor for stress ulcers?

Answer 37

Changes in the client’s weight and height

Question 38

What is the most likely rationale for prescribing famotidine rather than cimetidine for a client with GERD?

Answer 38

The client has a large and complex medication regimen.

Question 39

What is the risk to a client from long-term use of omeprazole?

Answer 39

Increased risk of gastric cancer

Question 40

What adverse effect may an older adult experience when taking ranitidine (Zantac)?

Answer 40

Agitation