Exam 3 (Respiratory)

Question 1

increase in muscle fiber size (skeletal, cardiac, smooth)

Answer 1

hypertrophy

Question 2

increase in muscle fiber numbers (skeletal, smooth)

Answer 2

hyperplasia

Question 3

decrease in muscle size (immobilization, loss of nerve supply)

Answer 3

atrophy

Question 4

lock jaw, bacterial disease, blocks release of the inhibitory transmitter (never lets jaw release)

Answer 4

tetanus

Question 5

generalized muscular spasms from tetanus

Answer 5

tetany

Question 6

staircase phenomenon, “warming up” of muscle, reminds sacromere what it needs to do

Answer 6

treppe

Question 7

common passageway for air and food

Answer 7

pharynx

Question 8

two types of breathing

Answer 8

abdominal and costal

Question 9

normal breathing

Answer 9

eupenea

Question 10

difficult breathing, visible, costal, allergies

Answer 10

dyspnea

Question 11

increased depth or frequency of breathing, follows physical exertion, normal

Answer 11

hyperpnea

Question 12

rapid, shallow breathing, air doesn’t go deep enough

Answer 12

polypnea

Question 13

lack of breathing, short duration

Answer 13

apnea

Question 14

trachypnea

Answer 14

excessively rapid breathing, does go deep enough, extreme physical activity

Question 15

excessively slow breathing, old age

Answer 15

bradypnea

Question 16

volume of air breathed in or out during a respiratory cycle

Answer 16

tidal volume

Question 17

volume of air that could still be breathed in after tidal inspiration

Answer 17

inspiratory reserve

Question 18

volume of air remaining after tidal expiration

Answer 18

expiratory reserve

Question 19

air remaining in lung after most forceful exhale

Answer 19

expiratory reserve

Question 20

sum of all volumes of air

Answer 20

total lung capacity

Question 21

sum of all volumes, residual volume

Answer 21

vital capacity