Exam 3 science

Question 1

Ecosystems

Answer 1

Communities and the nonliving materials organisms interact with

Question 2

Aquatic systems

Answer 2

water temperature, salinity, dissolved nutrients

Question 3

Savanna

Answer 3

grasslands with trees, Africa, south America

Question 4

Tundra

Answer 4

minimal perception, extremely cold winters

Question 5

Taiga

Answer 5

boreal forests, cool and dry climates, nutrient-poor, long cold winters

Question 6

Community

Answer 6

Species that live in the same area

Question 7

Population

Answer 7

Specific species group living in the same area

Question 8

Ecotone

Answer 8

transition between two biological communities

Question 9

Habitat

Answer 9

Environment where an organism lives

Question 10

Convergent evolution

Answer 10

unrelated species that have similar traits because they live in similar environments but are not the same

Question 11

Biodiversity

Answer 11

all life across biological organizations (species, genes, communities)

Question 12

Trophic cascade

Answer 12

Predators at high trophic levels indirectly affect population at low trophic levels

Question 13

Symbiosis

Answer 13

Mutualism in which organisms live in close physical contact

Question 14

Parasitism

Answer 14

One organism depends on other for nourishment or other benefit

Question 15

Mutualism

Answer 15

Two or more species benefit from their interactions

Question 16

Carnassial

Answer 16

Fourth upper premolar tooth

Question 17

K-selected

Answer 17

Species with long pregnancy periods and strong parental care

Question 18

R-selected

Answer 18

Species that reproduce quick and offer no care to offspring

Question 19

Endemic species

Answer 19

Species that exist in a certain specialized area

Question 20

Invasive species

Answer 20

Species not native to area

Question 21

Genetic variation

Answer 21

Difference in DNA between individuals (random mating, random fertilization)

Question 22

Population growth

Answer 22

those who are born in population, enter, die, and leave

Question 23

Limiting factors

Answer 23

physical, chemical, and biological attributes of environment that restrain population growth

Question 24

Carrying capacity

Answer 24

maximum population size of species an environment can sustain

Question 25

Natural selection

Answer 25

Organisms better adapted to their environment tend to produce more offspring

Question 26

Artificial selection

Answer 26

Modification by humans that enhance desirable traits in future generations (dog breeding)

Question 27

1st trophic level consumer

Answer 27

autotrophs (organisms that capture solar energy to produce sugar)

Question 28

2nd trophic level consumer

Answer 28

Herbivores (plant eaters)

Question 29

3rd trophic level consumer

Answer 29

Carnivores (meat eaters)

Question 30

4th trophic level consumer

Answer 30

predators at highest level (hawks, owls...)

Question 31

Keystone species

Answer 31

Influence the abundance of other species in a habitat. Removal of them alters food web.

Question 32

Succession

Answer 32

Predicted change in a community following a disturbance

Question 33

Eucyon

Answer 33

fox sized, gave rise to modern canids (wolves, coyotes)

Question 34

Morphology changes

Answer 34

dogs are smaller, shorter rostrum, fewer teeth

Question 35

pedomorphosis

Answer 35

retention of juvenile traits in the adult

Question 36

Delay in release of melanoblasts

Answer 36

too much dopamine affects pigment cells