Exam 3 Study Guide: Studocu Flashcards
(61 cards)
what breath sounds would you expect to hear with an asthma attack?
wheezing
occur when air passes through fluid-filled or re-expanding small airways
heard in inspiration
atelectatic crackles
what does atelectatic crackles sound like?
popping, bubbles
(not cleared with cough)
loud, high-pitched sound
hollow quality
expiration longer than inspiration over the trachea
bronchial breath sounds
medium pitch blowing sounds
intensity with equal inspiration and expiration times over the larger airways
bronchovesicular breath sounds
soft, low-pitched, breezy sounds
inspiration 3x longer than expiration over most of the peripheral areas of the lungs
vesicular breath sounds
generalized bluish discoloration of the body and visible mucous membranes
do to lack of oxygen (hypoxia)
central cyanosis
where would we assess for central cyanosis?
lips
tongue
mucous membranes
facial features
secondary to conditions that lead to increased deoxygenated hemoglobin
central cyanosis
Diseases that cause cyanosis?
heart failure
shock
prolonged exposure to extreme cold
deeper breaths that may quicken
followed by hypoventilation (irregular pattern but shallow respirations)
progress to apnea (lack of respirations)
occur if the central nervous system is grossly affected by lack of oxygen or disease progression
appears to have a respiratory “start-stop” breathing pattern
end-of-life breathing pattern
cheyne-stokes respirations
what assessment findings would you expect in a patient with COPD?
barrel-shaped chest
tripod position (orthopneic breathing)
clubbed fingers
low SpO2 and SOB
excessive muscle use
what is the most common cause of COPD?
smoking
what lung sounds would you expect to hear with pneumonia?
displace bronchial breath sounds
crackles/rales
rhonchi
what lung sounds would you expect to hear with croup?
stridor
what factors could interfere with your ability to assess lung sounds?
auscultate through clothes
weight
hairy chest
what are kussmaul’s respirations?
faster and deeper respirations without pauses
note: diabetes ketoacidosis
what would you expect to hear when auscultating a pleural friction rub?
dry, grating, or rubbing sound
note: the inflamed visceral and parietal pleural rub against each other during inspiration or expiration
what respiratory tool should be used for post-op patients to prevent atelectasis and pneumonia?
incentive spirometer
what is pursed lip breathing?
inhale through nose and exhale through mouth (candles)
what patients would pursed lip breathing benefit?
COPD patients - prolonged expiraton
when preparing to do a respiratory assessment, what should the nurse do first?
obtain health history
observe the client by performing a visual inspection while checking their respiratory rate along with rhythm, depth, and effort it takes to breath
caused by fluid, mucus, or a growth in the larger airways of the lungs
heard with inspiration and expiration
rhonchi
what does rhonchi sound like?
continuous, low-pitched, snoring-like sound
sometimes clears with coughing
