Exam 3 terms and equations

Question 1

Natural Resonance

Answer 1

Energy in an isolated system makes the object perform a repetitive motion.

Question 2

Harmonic Oscillator

Answer 2

A mechanical object that goes through simple harmonic motion

Question 3

Simple Harmonic Motion

Answer 3

A regular and predictable oscillation.

Question 4

Period

Answer 4

The amount of time it takes for a harmonic oscillator to complete one cycle of its harmonic motion. Inversely proportional to stiffness.

Question 5

Restoring force

Answer 5

force acting upon an object to return it to stable equilibrium.

Question 6

Stiffness

Answer 6

The measure of how strongly the restoring force strengthens as an oscillator is removed from equilibrium. Inversely proportional to period.

Question 7

Increasing mass in a pendulum

Answer 7

Decreases acceleration and therefore longer period. Increases weight and therefore stiffness.

Question 8

Amplitude

Answer 8

Has no effect on period due to restoring force being proportional to displacement from equilibrium.

Question 9

Pendulum length

Answer 9

Shortening stiffens.

Question 10

Gravity

Answer 10

Higher gravity stiffens.

Question 11

Period of Pendulum Equation

Answer 11

2(pi)sqrt(length of pendulum/acceleration due to gravity)

Question 12

Spring oscillator

Answer 12

Gravity independent. Only dependent on mass and spring stiffness.

Question 13

Gravity’s effect on spring

Answer 13

Shifts equilibrium position forward.

Question 14

Frequency

Answer 14

Hertz - 1/second

Question 15

Restoring Force Spring

Answer 15

spring constant * displacement = -k * x

Question 16

Period Spring

Answer 16

2(pi)sqrt(m/k) = 2(pi)sqrt(mass/spring constant)

Question 17

Restoring Torque of Pendulum

Answer 17

force * moment arm = -mg * d where d = L(theta)

Question 18

Tension

Answer 18

Outward forces that act to stretch something.

Question 19

Node

Answer 19

Where the strings don’t move

Question 20

Antinode

Answer 20

Highest points where the strings reach.

Question 21

Mechanical Wave

Answer 21

Mechanical motion around equilibrium

Question 22

Standing Wave

Answer 22

wave with fixed nodes and antinodes

Question 23

Sympathetic Vibration

Answer 23

Transfer of vibrational energy between objects with the same vibrational frequency.

Question 24

Wavelength

Answer 24

Distance between crests or troughs in a wave.

Question 25

Wave Speed

Answer 25

Wavelength * frequency

Question 26

SI Unit of Charge

Answer 26

Coulomb

Question 27

Force between two charges

Answer 27

= Coulomb constant * charge1 * charge2 / r^2 = kq1q2/r^2

Question 28

Coulomb's Constant

Answer 28

8.988

Question 29

Voltage

Answer 29

Electrostatic Potential energy per unit charge. Electrostatic/charge

Question 30

Electrostatic Force

Answer 30

Force = charge * electric field. F = qE. Voltage drop/distance.

Question 31

Electric Field SI Unit

Answer 31

Newton/Coulomb or V/m

Question 32

Current

Answer 32

Amount of charge passing through a point per unit time. Ampere is the SI unit. 1C/s

Question 33

Power Consumed

Answer 33

Voltage Drop * Current. P = VI

Question 34

Ohm's Law

Answer 34

Voltage Drop = I*R

Question 35

Ohm

Answer 35

Volt/Ampere