Exam 3- UV and Handwashing

Question 1

what are the levels of decontamination

Answer 1

sterilization, disinfection, decontamination/sanitization, antisepsis/degermination

Question 2

destroys and removes all viable microbes, including viruses and endospores

Answer 2

sterilization

Question 3

sterilization is only used on what

Answer 3

inanimate objects

Question 4

physical process or chemical agent that destroys vegetative pathogens, but not spores; also removes toxins

Answer 4

disinfection

Question 5

disinfection is only used on what

Answer 5

inanimate objects

Question 6

cleaning process that physically removes microbes and other debris from objects

Answer 6

decontamination/sanitization

Question 7

decontamination/sanitization is used best on what

Answer 7

food and beverage

Question 8

reduces the number of microbes on human skin; decontamination of living tissue

Answer 8

antisepsis/degermination

Question 9

what is the most difficult microbe to kill

Answer 9

prions

Question 10

what is the least difficult microbe to kill

Answer 10

enveloped viruses

Question 11

what are the normal biota of human skin

Answer 11

M luteus, S epidermidis, S aureus, Cornyebacterium, and Propionibacterium acnes

Question 12

normal bacteria on the hands are in constant competition with what

Answer 12

transient organisms

Question 13

found on our skin, but do not normally grow there and are usually acquired through contact with a contaminated surface

Answer 13

transient organisms

Question 14

at least 20-30 seconds to remove the emulsified skin oils

Answer 14

friction

Question 15

soap is a what

Answer 15

surfactant

Question 16

surfactants insert into the _____________ to disrupt it and create abnormal channels that alter permeability and cause leakage in and out of the cell

Answer 16

lipid bilayer

Question 17

soaps or detergents emulsify __________- that have transient bacteria trapped in them

Answer 17

skin oils

Question 18

what can surfactants do

Answer 18

bind to and emulsify skin oils allowing them to be scrubbed off while disrupting the cell membrane

Question 19

what do surfactants limit

Answer 19

endospores and bacteria with waxy cell walls

Question 20

what are the types of radiation that kill microbes

Answer 20

gamma and UV

Question 21

is gamma ionizing or non ionizing

Answer 21

ionizing

Question 22

is UV ionizing or non ionizing

Answer 22

non ionizing

Question 23

kills microbes by creating free radicals within the cells

Answer 23

gamma radiation

Question 24

kills microbes by damaging the DNA and creating dimers between adjacent thymine or cytosine in the DNA

Answer 24

UV radiation

Question 25

what are UV limitations

Answer 25

cannot penetrate glass or plastic, can only be used on surfaces air and water, and not good for living tissue

Question 26

what are the most difficult and least difficult microbes to kill (most difficult to least difficult)

Answer 26

prions
endospores
gram negative
gram positive