Exam 3 (wk 9-12) Flashcards
ch 60, 61, 62, 74, 51, 52, 58, 47, 55 (123 cards)
1
Q
factors that impact fieldwork education- internal
A
client
department
staffing
organization/payers
2
Q
factors that impact fieldwork education- external
A
academic institution
students
vision 2025
3
Q
client (fieldwork)
A
accepting students can impact their health and safety
privacy is key
4
Q
department (fieldwork)
A
physical space and resources must be considered
traditional or nontraditional?
5
Q
staffing (fieldwork)
A
sufficient supervision for students
staff willingness to supervise
6
Q
organization/payers (fieldwork)
A
how well a department can handle the stress of adding a student
increasing productivity may leave less time to supervise a student
services may not be reimbursed under a student
7
Q
academic institution (fieldwork)
A
accreditation
aligning values
8
Q
students (fieldwork)
A
meeting competencies
adequate knowledge
9
Q
challenges managers face with fieldwork education students
A
avoiding staffing conflicts
balancing productivity with supervision
10
Q
internal stakeholders of fieldwork
A
employer/organization
department
staff
care recipents
11
Q
external stakeholders of fieldwork
A
third-party payers
academic institutions
students
profession
12
Q
accreditation
A
process by which an institution or educational organization seeks to demonstrate that is complies with generally accepted standards
13
Q
purpose of accreditation
A
to recognize health are organizations, educational institutions, and professional programs associated with those for a level of performance, integrity, and high quality
14
Q
regulation
A
law or rule prescribed by authority to regulate conduct
15
Q
the joint commission
A
non-profit organization that accredits and certifies healthcare organizations and programs in the United States and other countries
16
Q
process of TJC accreditation
A
surveys
17
Q
types of organizations that TJC accredits
A
hospitals and other healthcare organizations
18
Q
survey
A
site visits
19
Q
under what conditions is an organization found to be “compliant” with TJC standards?
A
when all or most of the applicable standards are met to this satisfaction of the site visitation team
20
Q
how do organizations prepare for a survey?
A
Begin 16 months before a visit
review standards, scoring guidelines, and perspectives newsletter
examine current processes, policies, and procedures
21
Q
National Patient Safety Goals (NPSGs)
A
highlight areas considered to problematic in healthvare and provide evidence and expert based solutions to typical problems
22
Q
current NPSGs
A
surgical errors
drug side effects and medication compliance
23
Q
CARF
A
Commission on Accreditation of Rehabilitation Facilities
non-profit organization that accredits health and human services providers
24
Q
CARF process of accreditation
A
- orgnaization contacts CARF
- organization conducts self-eval
- organization implements CARF standards for 6 month
- requests application for survey
- CARF sends bill
- CARF selects survey team
- survey is conducted
- CARF evaluates findings
- accrediation awared
- improvement plan for ongoing support
25
types of organizations that CARF accredits
all rehabilitation facilities
26
CARF performance indicators
qualitative expressions used to point to program quality within the area of concern
ex: if the area of concern is the clients living situation then the ___ may be the degree to which the consumer experiences increased independence in their environment
27
strategic planning
process that leads organizations to clarify their mission and goals, set priorities, and make decisions
28
financial planning
examining an organization’s financial position and determining how best to achieve its objectives
29
financial plan
document that helps you achieve your financial goals by evaluating your current financial situation, setting goals, and creating a strategy to reach them
30
budget
An itemized summary of estimated or planned expenditures for a period of time along
with proposals for financing them
31
cost containment
Managers identify and reduce expenses to increase profit
32
proforma
a hypothetical balance sheet and income statement based on a set of assumptions....assists managers in determining the program’s staffing and supply needs.
33
accounts payable
money you owe, funds going out, expenses: bills, loans
34
accounts recieveable
money coming in, income
35
cash flow
the movement of income and
expenses over a given time frame
Sustain the “life” of an organization
36
capital expenditures
an expenditure made for an asset with a
the useful life of more than 1 year increases
the value of or extends the asset’s useful life
generally costs more than $2500
37
fixed expenses
costs that remain relatively constant from month to
month
costs that do not change with volume
May vary slightly but is predictable
examples: Rent, taxes, insurance rates
38
variable expenses
costs that change relative to volume of business
vary directly with output (i.e., productivity)
when output increases, variable costs increase
(e.g., raw materials, electricity)
must be monitored closely as they can affect cash
flow
examples: clinical and office supplies
39
fiscal year
Government runs July 1st – June 30th
40
revenue
total amount of income generated by the sale of goods and services related to the primary operations of the business
41
total costs
sum of all costs involved in producing a product or service, including both fixed and variable costs
42
profit
total income-total costs
43
capital equipment
a tangible, non-expendable asset that has a useful life of more than one year and a cost of at least $5,000
44
income statements
reports reveune, expenses, and net income over a period of time
45
quota
proportional part or share, quantity
46
FTEs
number of employees on a full-time schedule + number of employees on a part-time schedule converted to a full-time basis
(2080 hours)
47
breakeven point
that point in time when
revenue = total expenses. After this point, the
company starts to profit
48
revenue projections
estimate of income based on projected sales
49
start-up costs
the one-time costs associated with opening your doors for business
50
operating costs
the costs of running your business
ex: Rent, salaries, utilities
51
SoCF
statement of cash flow
integrates income statement and balance sheet
removes accounting terminology
what cash did we receive?
where did the cash go?
did the organization have indebtness?
how much cash remains at the end of the period?
52
financial statements
1. Income statement
2. Balance sheet
3. Statement of cash flow (SoCF)
* Net income
53
investment income
money received in interest payments, dividends, capital gains realized with the sale of stock or other assets, and any profit made through another investment type
54
credit source
places a business can draw onto to provide it with chas
55
potential sources of financial resources to cover start-up costs
line of credit, factoring companies
56
positive cash flow
more money coming in than going out
57
negative cash flow
more money going out than coming in
58
direct costs of budgeting
all allowed cost lines such as personnel, equipment, training
59
indirect costs of budgeting
"the cost of doing business"
space, utilities, insurance, administrative
60
where do laws come from?
federal, state, or local government
precedents established by previous court cases (common law)
inspired by research results
61
regulations
rules that implement laws
ex: consensus statements, practice guidelines, state regulations
62
legislative bodies
group of people who are responsible for creating, amending, or repealing laws
63
case law
the law as established by the outcome of former cases
64
consensus statements
comprehensive analysis and agreed-upon outcome from a group of experts on a scientific or medical issue
65
why do OTs need to be familiar with basic legal issues
so they know what impacts their practice
66
policies
whatever governments choose to do or not to do
ex: public policies may regulate behavior, organize government agencies, or require licenses or fees
67
informed consent
rational and informed decision about undertaking a particular treatment or undergoing a particular surgical procedure based on knowledge of the significant potential risks involved in the proposed treatment or surgery
68
informed consent should include
o Diagnosis of condition
o Name and purpose of treatment
o Benefits, risks, and alternative procedures
o Benefits and risks of each alternative”
69
criminal law
deals with behavior that is or can be construed as an offense against the public, society, or the state – even if the immediate victim is an individual. Examples are murder, assault, theft, and drunken driving
70
civil law
deals with behavior that constitutes an injury to an individual or other private party, such as a corporation. Examples are defamation (including libel and slander), breach of contract, negligence resulting in injury or death, and property damage
71
sources of laws and regualtions
legislative bodies and policy
regulations
local laws
72
sources of OT policy
consensus statements
practice guidelines
state regulations
73
malpractice
improper or unethical conduct or
unreasonable lack of skills by a holder of a professional or official position, often applied to
physicians, dentists, lawyers, and public officers to denote negligent or unskillful performance
of duties when professional skills are obligatory
74
medical malpractice
occurs when a hospital, doctor or other health care professional, through a negligent act or omission, causes an injury to a patient. The negligence might be the result of errors in diagnosis, treatment, aftercare or health management
75
vicarious liability
employer or therapist held liable due to the actions of others (subordinates)
“Respondeat superior”
76
negligent supervisor
Supervisor held liable for their own actions when hiring incompetent employees, improper training, failure to properly supervise employees
77
privacy
the right of patients to be left alone....free from intrusion....to choose whether or not
to share one’s self
78
confidentiality
not disclosing client information to others
79
tort law
covers an intentional or negligent harm or wrong against another that results in damages for which 1 party may be liable. Torts may form the basis for malpractice
80
negligence
the failure to exercise the standard of care that a reasonable, prudent person would exercise in a similar situation
carelessness
81
factors that cannot be considered when hiring
Age (if over 40), gender, religion, nationality, military status, union membership, disability
82
under what circumstance can you ask "forbidden" hiring questions?
when it is directly job related
83
OT and ADA in the work environment
managers and FWE may have employees/clients/students with disabilities
may be called upon to determine “reasonable accommodations.”
clinicians may perform job analysis to determine “reasonable accommodations.”
84
copywriting
practice of writing persuasive text to encourage people to take a specific action, such as buying a product or service
85
fair use
the doctrine that brief excerpts of copyright material may, under certain circumstances, be quoted verbatim for purposes such as criticism, news reporting, teaching, and research, without the need for permission from or payment to the copyright holder
86
assault
when a person apprehends a threat taht another will engage in an offensive touch or immediate harm
87
battery
intentional causation of harmful or offensive contact with another person without that person's consent
88
false imprisonment
when someone violates anothers basic personal right to freedom from wrongful confinement
89
4 elements of negligence
1. Duty to act in a particular way
2. Breach of that duty
3. Actual harm or damage
4. “Casual connection or proximate cause between the breach of the duty and the actual harm”
90
false claims act
imposes liability on anyone who knowingly submits a false claim to the federal government
enables the federal government to recover money paid due to false or fraudulent claims
encourages people who discover false claims to report it by giving an incentive, such as a
share of the money recovered
91
relator
people who discover a false claim but are not an employee at the time of filing the case
92
whistleblower
people who discover false claims and report it
93
protected health information
name
address
dates (DOB, admission)
phone number
fax number
email address
social security number
medical record number
health plan beneficiary number
account number
certification numbers
vehicle numbers
device identifiers and serial numbers
web Universal Resource Locators (URLs)
internet Protocol (IP) address numbers
biometric identifiers, including finger and voice prints
full face photographic images and any comparable images
any other unique identifying number, characteristic, or code
94
reimbursement
financial remuneration for services provided
95
reimbursement payment process
provision of services
documentation
coding
billing of claims
reimbursements
96
direct access laws
permit the provision of OT services without a physician or other qualifies providers prescription or referral
97
ICD-10 codes
WHO
identify specific condirsions for clients being served
98
CPT codes
AMA
current procedural terminology
standardized system for coding medical procedures and service
99
HCPCS
CMS
healthcare common procedure coding set
100
CMS G codes
used on claim forms to identify type of provider
101
L codes
specific types of orthotics provided to beneficiares by DME companies
102
fee-for-service payment method
fee paid for each service provided
103
prospective payment system
A pre-determined amount was reimbursed to the hospital based on diagnostic related groups
104
PDPM
patient-driven payment model
105
PDPM and OT
recognizes clinically relevant factors like quality outcomes rather than codes for diagnoses and patient characteristics for reimbursement
106
balance sheet
reflects overall position of an organization at a specific date and summarizes their financial history
107
OT core values
Altruism, Equality, Freedom, Justice, Dignity, Truth, and Prudence
108
altruism
demonstration of unselfish concern for the welfare of others. Occupational therapy personnel reflect this concept in actions and attitudes of commitment, caring, dedication, responsiveness, and understanding
109
equality
indicates that all persons have fundamental human rights and the right to the same opportunities. Occupational therapy personnel demonstrate this value by maintaining an attitude of fairness and impartiality and treating all persons in a way that is free of bias
110
freedom
indicates valuing each person’s right to exercise autonomy and demonstrate independence, initiative, and self-direction
111
justice
occupational therapy personnel provide occupational therapy services for all persons in need of these services and maintain a goal-directed and objective relationship with recipients of service
pursuit of a state in which diverse communities are inclusive and are organized and structured so that all members can function, flourish, and live a satisfactory life regardless of age, gender identity, sexual orientation, race, religion, origin, socioeconomic status, degree of ability, or any other status or attributes
112
dignity
the importance of valuing, promoting, and preserving the inherent worth and uniqueness of each person. This value includes respecting the person’s social and cultural heritage and life experiences.
113
truth
occupational therapy personnel in all situations should be faithful to facts and reality
114
prudence
ability to govern and discipline oneself through the use of reason.
value judiciousness, discretion, vigilance, moderation, care, and circumspection in the management of one’s own affairs and to temper extremes, make judgments, and respond on the basis of intelligent reflection and rational thought
115
OT principles
Beneficence
Nonmaleficence
Autonomy
Justice
Veracity
Fidelity
116
Beneficence
Occupational therapy personnel shall demonstrate a concern for the well-being and safety of persons
ex: protecting and defending the rights of others
117
Nonmaleficence
Occupational therapy personnel shall refrain from actions that cause harm.
an obligation not to impose risks of harm even if the potential risk is without malicious or harmful intent
ex: an occupational therapy intervention might require the service recipient to invest a great deal of time and perhaps even discomfort; however, the time and discomfort are justified by potential long-term, evidence-based benefits of the treatment
118
autonomy
Occupational therapy personnel shall respect the right of the person to self-determination, privacy, confidentiality, and consent.
119
justice (principle)
Occupational therapy personnel shall promote equity, inclusion, and objectivity in the provision of occupational therapy services.
120
veracity
Occupational therapy personnel shall provide comprehensive, accurate, and objective information when representing the profession.
121
fidelity
Occupational therapy personnel shall treat clients (persons, groups, or populations), colleagues, and other professionals with respect, fairness, discretion, and integrity.
122
domain of OT
includes the everyday life occupations that people find meaningful and purposeful
enable clients to participate in their everyday life
occupations in their desired roles, contexts, and life
situations
(occupations, contexts, performance patterns, skills, client factors)
123
process of OT
delivery of services and includes evaluating, intervening, and targeting of outcomes
evaluations, interventions, outcomes
