Exam

Question 1

What is the difference between MS treatment and MS error?

Answer 1

MS treatment assumes the null hypothesis is true

Question 2

MS error is __________ condition variance (error) while MS treatment is __________ condition variance (error + treatment)

Answer 2

Within, between

Question 3

If there is an effect of the treatment, the MS treatment will be _______ than MS error

Answer 3

Bigger

Question 4

MS treatment also includes the effect of the ________

Answer 4

Treatment

Question 5

If the null hypothesis is true then MS error and MS treatment will be ______

Answer 5

Equal

Question 6

What are MS error and MS treatment?

Answer 6

Estimates of population variance

Question 7

What does oX (sigma, subscript X Bar) represent?

Answer 7

Standard error of the mean

Question 8

What are the basic assumptions shared by all three t-tests?

Answer 8

Data is normally distributed

Interval or ratio data

Question 9

Assumptions of a one sample t-test?

Answer 9

Interval or ratio

Normally distributed

Question 10

Assumptions of a paired samples t-test?

Answer 10

Interval or ratio
Normally distributed

Differences between pairs of scores are normally distributed

Question 11

Assumptions of an independent samples t-test?

Answer 11

Interval or ratio
Normally distributed

Independence of scores
Homogeneity of variance

Question 12

What is the test of homogeneity of variance?

Answer 12

Levene’s test

Question 13

If Levene’s test is significant we report the _____ line

Answer 13

Bottom

Question 14

What is alpha?

Answer 14

The chance of incorrectly rejecting a true null hypothesis
The chance of making a Type I error
The cutoff point against which the p-value is judged

Question 15

What is power?

Answer 15

The chance of rejecting an incorrect null hypothesis (finding an effect when it is really there)

Question 16

Describe the central limit theorem

Answer 16

Taking multiple random samples from a population, the more samples we take the more our data will approach the normal distribution

Question 17

How many degrees of freedom do you report in an ANOVA? E.g. F (df)

Answer 17

2

Question 18

What does ij refer to in a conceptual model?

Answer 18

Which person in which group

Question 19

One way between groups ANOVA, conceptual model is made up of: (use formula sheet, use ij)

Answer 19

The overall mean, the effect of which group they’re in, plus a little bit of error due to difference between that persons score and the group mean

Question 20

The one way of one way between groups ANOVA means…

Answer 20

One IV

Question 21

What is the main issue with follow up tests for ANOVAs?

Answer 21

A high Type 1 error rate (family wise error)

Question 22

Roughly how is family wise error rate for ANOVAs calculated?

Answer 22

Per comparison error rate x number of comparisons

Question 23

When running follow up tests for a planned comparison ANOVAS, we use l________ c_______ which assign weights to each group to control for family wise error rate.

Answer 23

Linear contrasts

Question 24

BMW

Answer 24

Between groups (Iv 2xlevels)
Mann-Whitney or Wilcoxons

Question 25

WW

Answer 25

``` Within groups (IV 2 levels) Wilcoxons signed ranks test ```

Question 26

BKW

Answer 26

``` Between group (IV >2 levels) Kruskal Wallis test ```

Question 27

WF

Answer 27

Within groups (IV >2 levels) Fried mans test

Question 28

Multiple comparisons tests for factorial ANOVAS

Answer 28

Two types A priori - linear contrasts Post hoc - SNK Sheffes Test

Question 29

The standard deviation of the sampling distribution is also called the...

Answer 29

Standard error

Question 30

Which ANOVAS is uncommon, we don't need to know about for exam?

Answer 30

Repeated measures factorial ANOVAS

Question 31

Non parametric tests to not involve estimating ________

Answer 31

Population parameters

Question 32

Advantages of factorial ANOVAS

Answer 32

Generalisability of results e.g. Not just whether drug is effective but what level of depression it is effective for Interaction effects e.g. CBT + drug Economy e.g. Look at several IVs in one study - cheaper!

Question 33

What are the three types of factorial ANOVA?

Answer 33

Within Between Mixed

Question 34

How many versions of MS treatment are there in a factorial ANOVA?

Answer 34

3 - one for each IV, and one for the interaction

Question 35

How many MS errors do we calculate for a factorial ANOVA?

Answer 35

One

Question 36

Which degrees of freedom are reported in an ANOVA? The IV or interaction and _______

Answer 36

Error (within)

Question 37

When writing up the results of an ANOVAS, we must include what sentence to account for homogeneity of variance.

Answer 37

Levene's test reveals that the assumption of homogeneity of variance was supported.

Question 38

When writing up the results of an ANOVAS, we must include what sentence after we check histograms for normally distributed data?

Answer 38

The Shapiro -Wilk test and a visual inspection of the data confirmed the assumption of normality was supported