Exam 4

Question 1

An enduring, rigid pattern of inner experience and outward behavior that impairs the sense of self, emotional experiences, goals, capacity for empathy, and/or capacity for intimacy is known as a:

Answer 1

Personality Disorder

Question 2

The cluster of “dramatic” personality disorders includes:

Answer 2

Antisocial, borderline, histrionic, ad narcissistic

Question 3

People with _____ personality disorder display a range of interpersonal problems marked by extreme discomfort in close relationships, odd patterns of thinking and perceiving, and behavioral eccentricities.

Answer 3

Schizotypal

Question 4

DSM-5 stipulates that a person must be at least 18 years of age to receive the diagnosis of _____ personality disorder.

Answer 4

Antisocial

Question 5

People with _____ personality disorder display great instability, major shifts in mood, an unstable self-image, and impulsivity.

Answer 5

Borderline

Question 6

The diagnostic features of which personality disorder bear the greatest similarity to people who are diagnosed with social anxiety disorder?

Answer 6

Avoidant

Question 7

Freudian theorists suggest that people with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder are:

Answer 7

Anal retentive

Question 8

According to a large body of research with diverse populations, how many “supertraits,” or factors, may describe the basic structure of personality?

Answer 8

5 OCEAN
Openness
Contiencsiouness 
Extraversion
Agreeableness
Neurotisism

Question 9

This cluster of personality disorders consists of paranoid, schizoid, and schizotypal personality disorders.

Answer 9

Odd

Question 10

This cluster of personality disorders consists of antisocial, borderline, histrionic, and narcissistic personality disorders.

Answer 10

Dramatic

Question 11

When children or adolescents cause a peer to be socially isolated, spread rumors about them, and manipulate their friendships, they are engaging in _____ aggression.

Answer 11

relational

Question 12

Repeated involuntary bedwetting or wetting of one’s clothes is known as:

Answer 12

Enuresis

Question 13

Which treatment approach is more likely to strengthen juvenile delinquent behavior than to help reduce it?

Answer 13

Institutionalization

Question 14

Children who suffer some form of abuse are most likely to be abused by a:

Answer 14

parent

Question 15

Which would lead to the MOST reliable diagnosis of ADHD?

Answer 15

parent and teacher reports, clinical observations, interviews, psychological tests, and rating scales

Question 16

Which two treatment modalities are MOST commonly applied for ADHD?

Answer 16

drug therapy and behavioral therapy

Question 17

The exact repetition of phrases spoken by others is known as:

Answer 17

echolalia

Question 18

Which is an accurate statement about IQ scores?

Answer 18

IQ scores have a high correlation with school performance.

Question 19

Which abnormal chromosomal situation is a cause of Down syndrome?

Answer 19

trisomy 21

Question 20

In _____, children with intellectual disability are grouped together in a separate, specially designated educational program.

Answer 20

special education

Question 21

The field of psychology that is dedicated to the mental health of the elderly is called:

Answer 21

geropsychology

Question 22

What is a correct statement about anxiety disorders in later life?

Answer 22

Individuals older than 85 report higher rates of the disorder than those between 65 and 84.

Question 23

Symptoms of which disorder have been found to lessen in later life?

Answer 23

schizophrenia

Question 24

Twisted protein fibers are found within the cells of the _____ and other brain areas of people who died from Alzheimer’s disease.

Answer 24

hippocampus

Question 25

_____ has been found to be caused by a slow-acting virus, and this has lent some weight to the viral theory of schizophrenia.

Answer 25

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

Question 26

Alzheimer's disease can only be diagnosed with certainty by means of a(n):

Answer 26

autopsy.

Question 27

_____ is an explanation for Alzheimer's disease that suggests that changes in aging brain cells may trigger an autoimmune response that leads to the disease.

Answer 27

Autoimmune theory

Question 28

_____ is a disorder marked by a significant decline in at least one area of cognitive functioning.

Answer 28

Neurocognitive disorder

Question 29

Which of the following is NOT part of the DSM-5 criteria for a diagnosis of neurocognitive disorder due to Alzheimer's disease?

Answer 29

Cognitive deficits interfere with the individual's everyday independence.

Question 30

_____ is the second leading cause of death among the elderly.

Answer 30

Cancer

Question 31

When people are judged mentally unstable at the time of their crimes and therefore innocent of wrongdoing, they are found to be:

Answer 31

not guilty by reason of insanity.

Question 32

About what percentage of defendants plead insanity?

Answer 32

less than 1 percent

Question 33

The most common criticism of the insanity defense is that:

Answer 33

dangerous criminals escape punishment.

Question 34

Which type of criminal may be committed to a hospital or treatment facility before serving his or her full prison term?

Answer 34

sex offenders

Question 35

People can be forced to undergo mental health treatment through a process known as:

Answer 35

civil commitment.

Question 36

The length of an emergency commitment varies from state to state, but _____ day(s) is often the limit.

Answer 36

3

Question 37

State rulings have consistently granted patients the right to refuse _____, the most irreversible dangerous form of physical treatment.

Answer 37

psychosurgery

Question 38

Which statement is accurate about eyewitness testimony?

Answer 38

Witnesses who are "absolutely certain" in their identification are no more likely to be accurate than those who are only "fairly sure."

Question 39

When the issue of _____ is raised, the judge orders a psychological evaluation as an inpatient.

Answer 39

competence

Question 40

_____ of prisoners are diagnosed with a personality disorder.

Answer 40

52%

Question 41

Lack of responsiveness and social reciprocity, extreme aloofness, lack interest in other people, low empathy, communication problems, and inability to share attention with others. 80 % are male. May display motor movements that are unusual, rigid, and repetitive. This is what disorder?

Answer 41

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Question 42

____ is repeated defecating in inappropriate places, such as one's clothing. Usually involuntary, affecting about 1.5-3% of children and is more common in boys than girls. It may stem from stress, biological factors such as constipation, improper toilet training, or a combo of these. Treatment includes behavioral and medical approaches or a combo of both

Answer 42

Encopresis

Question 43

_____is not classified as a disorder in the DSM-5. It is the general term for neurocognitive disorders that are characterized by an inability to learn new information or recall old information. Diagnosis is either mild or major neurocognitive disorder Has at least one of aphasia or apraxia or agnosia

Answer 43

Dementia

Question 44

Problems with executing motor tasks

Answer 44

Apraxia

Question 45

Inability to speak, write, or understand

Answer 45

Aphasia

Question 46

Problems recognizing friends, family, or themselves in the mirror

Answer 46

Agnosia

Question 47

This abnormal entanglement of tau proteins in Alzheimerz' is called _____.

Answer 47

Neurofibrillary tangles.

Question 48

_____ provide structure in the neuron. These are created by ____ _____.

Answer 48

Microtubule, Tau proteins

Question 49

________ Disease Most common type of dementia Begins with initial problem with both memory and executive functioning Progressive degenerative disease Attention and language Hallucinations and delusions Final stage- complete memory loss, 8 to 10 yrs from onset

Answer 49

Alzheimers

Question 50

_____ disease characterized by: Slow, progressive loss of motor function Trembling hands, shuffling walk, muscular rigidity 50% develop dementia Causes damage to dopamine-releasing neurons in the substantia nigra

Answer 50

Parkinson's

Question 51

____ ____Dementia A type of protein that builds up inside some types of neurons and can cause them to die Stiffness of movement and shuffling gait Memory and motor control neurons most affected Early stages marked by visual hallucinations

Answer 51

Lewy Body Dementia

Question 52

______disease is gradually progressive and is marked by memory impairment. It is technically diagnosed on DSM-5 as mild or major neurocognitive disorder due to Alzheimer’s disease which depends on the severity of the disease.

Answer 52

Alzheimer's

Question 53

``` ______ is the legal term that refers to someone’s potential to harm self or others. Severity Imminence Frequency Probability ```

Answer 53

Dangerousness

Question 54

______is a legal term and not used in DSM-5 | Addresses whether someone was criminally responsible at the time they committed the

Answer 54

Insanity

Question 55

_____ ____ means that a defendant's crime was the product of action and intention to perform that action.

Answer 55

Criminally responsible

Question 56

Which test? There is a presence of a mental disorder/defect Lack of comprehension about the nature or wrongfulness of the act At the time of committing the act: Knew what he/she was doing? Knew that the act was wrong?

Answer 56

M'Naghten test

Question 57

Which test ? Defendant knew that behavior was wrong based on the M’Naghten test. Performed the act because of an irresistible impulse Capacity to control

Answer 57

Irresistible Impulse test

Question 58

Which test? Determines whether the irresistible impulse was due to a mental defect or disorder at the time of the crime Based off of the irresistible impulse test Defect causes criminal conduct

Answer 58

The Durham test

Question 59

Which Test? More coherent and cohesive tests than the others Lack substantial capacity to appreciate behavior was wrong due to mental/ cognitive defect Has diminished ability to make behavior conform to the law

Answer 59

American Legal Institute Test

Question 60

_____ personality disorder- pattern of attention seeking behavior including inappropriate seductiveness and dramatic emotionality.

Answer 60

Histrionic

Question 61

____ personality disorder pattern of distrust suspiciousness. Interpret others' motives as malevolent. Don't confide in others.

Answer 61

Paranoid

Question 62

______pattern of detachment from social relationships and restricted emotions

Answer 62

Schizoid

Question 63

_______ Personality Disorder- characterized by an inflated sense of importance, an excessive desire to be admired, and a lack of empathy

Answer 63

Narcissitic

Question 64

the “_______” personality disorders, including avoidant, dependent, and obsessive-compulsive.

Answer 64

Anxious

Question 65

_______ personality disorder-in which people are chronically preoccupied with criticisms and rejection across situations. Marked by extreme social inhibition that stems from feeling inadequate and being overly sensitive to negative evaluation. They want to be around people but they deeply fear criticism and rejection.

Answer 65

Avoidant

Question 66

_______pattern of behavior based on the belief that one cannot care for one’s self.

Answer 66

Dependent

Question 67

______Personality Disorder-pattern of behavior based on excessive concern with perfection.

Answer 67

Obsessive Compulsive

Question 68

________Personality Disorder- manifests itself in childhood or adolescence. Cold hearted and lack empathy, indifferent, intolerant, impatient,reckless, does not conform.

Answer 68

Antisocial Personality

Question 69

``` _______Is a psychological disorder of childhood characterized by the violation of the basic rights of others or of societal norms that are appropriate to the individuals age 4 behaviors: Aggression to people and animals Destruction of property Deceitfulness or theft Serious violation of rule ```

Answer 69

Conduct