exam 4

Question 1

what is a social clock?

Answer 1

internal time based on social norms and expectations

Question 2

intimacy vs isolation

Answer 2

teens to 20s; search for relationships and friendships

Question 3

generativity vs stagnation

Answer 3

40s-60s, reflect on life choices

Question 4

integrity vs isolation

Answer 4

60s- older;

Question 5

when is social clock set?

Answer 5

ideal ages for both sexes to finish school and have a family

Question 6

5 Big personality traits

Answer 6

O- openness, C- conscientiousness, E- extroversion, A- aggreableness, N- Neuroticism

Question 7

what is a social convoy?

Answer 7

group of people who provide a protective layer of social relations to guide, encourage individuals in life

Question 8

what are two things friends have in common

Answer 8

age, similar values/experiences

Question 9

what are 5 things friends provide?

Answer 9

health, advice, companionship, laughter, information

Question 10

how do friends change with age?

Answer 10

improve and become close and less problematic

Question 11

how does physical distance affect family bonds

Answer 11

doesn’t weaken them

Question 12

how are parent-adult children relations affected when living together

Answer 12

tend to worsen

Question 13

3 things that increase between parents and adult children

Answer 13

closeness, forgiveness, pride

Question 14

what is familism?

Answer 14

belief that family members should sacrifice personal freedom to care for each other

Question 15

how are fictive kin treated in families?

Answer 15

like family member

Question 16

4 reasons adult seek committed partners

Answer 16

help raise children, share resource, provide care for each other,intimacy

Question 17

In the U.S what percent of people are married by what age?

Answer 17

85% are married by age 40

Question 18

3 things in married couples

Answer 18

happier, healthier, richer

Question 19

what fraction of all U.S marriage is remarriage?

Answer 19

1/2

Question 20

what type of marriages have highest divorce rate

Answer 20

2nd marriage

Question 21

what is generativity?

Answer 21

when adults seek to be productive in a caring way

Question 22

what is the “saying” regarding caregiving?

Answer 22

people NEED to be NEEDED

Question 23

what is a kin-keeper

Answer 23

person who maintains communication between family members; share news about illness, accomplishments

Question 24

sandwich generation

Answer 24

caregivers take care of children and their parents

Question 25

what do adults part of sandwhich generation do?

Answer 25

hire caregivers to take care of parents

Question 26

how does our body cope with stress

Answer 26

organ reserve

Question 27

how is organ reserve affected as we age?

Answer 27

reserve is depleted, aging is not noticed

Question 28

what is problem focused coping

Answer 28

when you attack issue directly, commonly used by young people

Question 29

what is emotion focused coping

Answer 29

when they change feelings about situation; used by older adults

Question 30

what is an allostic load?

Answer 30

combination of stress and disease a person must deal with

Question 31

which style of coping do most men use?

Answer 31

problem-focused

Question 32

what style of coping do most women use?

Answer 32

emotion- focused

Question 33

gerontology

Answer 33

scientific study of old age

Question 34

what is fastest growing age group?

Answer 34

people over 100 years

Question 35

how is american demographics divided/shaped

Answer 35

thirds and square

Question 36

what are 3 categories gerontologist distinguish between

Answer 36

young-old, old-old, oldest-old

Question 37

young old age bracket

Answer 37

60-75

Question 38

old old age bracket

Answer 38

75-85

Question 39

oldest old

Answer 39

85+

Question 40

what are 3 things gerontologist based on ?

Answer 40

health, age, well being

Question 41

how do vitamins needs change with age?

Answer 41

tend to increase

Question 42

how do calories need change with age?

Answer 42

tend to decrease

Question 43

what is primary aging?

Answer 43

irreversible changes occur

Question 44

what is secondary aging?

Answer 44

changes caused by illnesses and conditions

Question 45

what is the most troubling aspect for edlery

Answer 45

social isolation

Question 46

what are cataracts?

Answer 46

thickening of the lens causing cloudy visions

Question 47

what is glaucoma?

Answer 47

hardening of eyeball due to buildup of fluid

Question 48

what is senile macular degeneration?

Answer 48

deterioration of retina

Question 49

what are two things happen to body system during late adulthood>

Answer 49

slower, less efficient

Question 50

what illnesses are most common in late adulthood?

Answer 50

heart disease, stroke, cancer, pulmonary disease

Question 51

Maslow hierachy of needs

Answer 51

5) physiological needs, 4) safety needs, 3), love and belonging, 2) esteem and success, 1) self actualization, self transcendence

Question 52

how does empty nest affect marriage?

Answer 52

increase income, improves marriage satisfaction

Question 53

why is social clock less rigid?

Answer 53

historical and social conditions changed

Question 54

how does SES effect social clock

Answer 54

the lower the SES , the faster social clock ticks

Question 55

ecological niche

Answer 55

a person's social context

Question 56

unisex personality

Answer 56

men become less aggresive and women become assertive and less conforming

Question 57

How are intimacy needs met?

Answer 57

relatives, friends, co workers, romantic partners

Question 58

dependency ratio

Answer 58

2 independent adult for 1 dependent

Question 59

how do western cultures view parent-adult children relationships?

Answer 59

they dont want to burden children

Question 60

what characteristic increases cultural between parent-adult children

Answer 60

closeness

Question 61

how do eastern cultures view the adult-children relationships?

Answer 61

they view caring for parents as a good trait and being dependent as acceptable

Question 62

how is relationship between adult siblings

Answer 62

they become friends

Question 63

how does someone become fictive kin?

Answer 63

if an individuals family orgin is destructive

Question 64

3 things that influence quality of marriage

Answer 64

1) childhood experience 2) cohabitation before marriage 3) partner's personalities

Question 65

define ageism?

Answer 65

using age to categorize a person; prevents people from being seen as individuals

Question 66

why is ageism declining?

Answer 66

advances in gerontology and demographic data

Question 67

why is demography changing?

Answer 67

decline in birth rates, increase in longevity

Question 68

Calories needs do what with age?

Answer 68

decrease by 10%

Question 69

what is best diet for late adulthoof

Answer 69

healthy and varied

Question 70

what are some characteristics in primary aging?

Answer 70

Skin: becomes dry/thinner, wrinkles/ age spots appear Hair: thinner and gray Men may have pattern baldness

Question 71

what is leading cause of death for people over 60?

Answer 71

falling

Question 72

Both sexes have less strength in ?

Answer 72

legs

Question 73

How is vitality determined?

Answer 73

lower body agility

Question 74

what percentage of elderly have eye dieases?

Answer 74

65-80 = 5% ove 80 yrs= 40%

Question 75

what is presbycusis?

Answer 75

age-related hearing loss

Question 76

what is tinnitus?

Answer 76

ringing of the ears

Question 77

How are sensory impairments fixed?

Answer 77

technology, specialist care, personal detemination

Question 78

define compression of morbidity

Answer 78

limited time spent ill, postpone onset of diease,

Question 79

define wear and tear theory?

Answer 79

body wears out with use and disease

Question 80

define genetic clock theory

Answer 80

lifespan is genetically programmed into species

Question 81

what is average life expectancy in the U.S ?

Answer 81

women-80 men- 75

Question 82

define epigenetic theory

Answer 82

influenced by genes and environment

Question 83

selective adaptation

Answer 83

young and old can die, middle must stay

Question 84

cellular theory of aging

Answer 84

aging is caused by cellular accidents from cellular reproduction

Question 85

genetic clock theory

Answer 85

believes genes predetermined exact moment death

Question 86

B-cells function

Answer 86

make antibodies that attack bacteria; found in bone marrow

Question 87

T-cells function

Answer 87

attack infected cells; found in thymus gland

Question 88

Immune system differences in gender

Answer 88

women are stronger/ more efficient women are healthier than men

Question 89

characteristics of long lived people

Answer 89

moderate diet, hard work, exercise, strong ties to others, rural environment

Question 90

Self theory

Answer 90

person must rely on themselves to fufill potential

Question 91

Contiuity theory

Answer 91

personality remain stable over time; curious person attends college

Question 92

positivity theory

Answer 92

optimization over compensation; most common in elderly

Question 93

5 ADLs

Answer 93

eating, bathing, toileting, dressing, moving