exam 4 Flashcards
(29 cards)
serum os
urine os in SIADH
SERUM OS- low
urine os- high
labs to draw for SIADH
serum os, urine os, ADH hormone
enough ADH but the kidneys are not responding to it
nephrogenic DI
Psych condition where they drink large amounts of fluid, leading to resistance to ADH
Primary polydipsia
increase serum os, decrease urine os
diabetes inspidius
tx for DI
fluid replacement and desmopressin,
dx of growth hormone excess
GH, IGF-1, glucose, MRI
excess TH secretion from thyroid gland
hyperthyroidism
primary hyperthyroidism labs
increased TH, decreased TSH
SECONDARY hyperthyroidism
INCREASE TH, increased TSH
Hashimoto disease
hypothyroid
graves disease
hyperthyroid
dx for hypothyroid
TH, TSH, antithyroid peroxidase, antithyroglobulin, ultrasound, CT, MRI
DX hyperparathyroid
PTH, calcium, vitamin D, ultrasound, phosphorus, CT, PET scan
Parathyroid hyperplasia from chronic compensation to low calcium (persistent parathyroid stimulation)
tertiary hyperparathyroid
Compensatory response to chronic hypocalcemia due to vitamin D deficiency from renal failure or dietary deficiency
secondary hyperparathyroid
tx is calcium and vitamin d replacement
dx for dm
Hgb a1c greater than 6.5
Fasting plasma glucose greater than or equal to 126 mg/dL Or
2 hour plasma glucose greater than or equal to 200 mg/dL during OGTT Or
Random plasma glucose greater than or equal to 200 mg/dL and symptoms
what is considered prediabetic
FPG 100-125 mg/dL; 2 hour glucose 140-199 mg/dL during OGTT, HbA1C 5.7-6.4%
hypocortisolism and hypoaldosteronism
addisons disease
Overproduction of pituitary ACTH by pituitary adenoma
cushing syndrome
dx cushings
cortisol, ACTH, CT, PET, MRI
Cause of peptic ulcer disease
h. pylori, NSAIDS
Normal or ↓ acid production
Upper abdominal pain
Pain relieved by antacid
Pain immediately after eating
gastric ulcer
↑ acid production
Chronic intermittent epigastric pain
Pain relieved by antacid or food
Pain 2 hours after eating (empty stomach)
Nocturnal pain
duodenal ulcer
