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OTC > Exam 4 Drugs > Flashcards

Exam 4 Drugs Flashcards

1
Q
  • Used for dimentia
  • Medical food
  • Must stay in fridge for up to 24 hours
A

Axona

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2
Q
  • Claims “imporved aspects of cognitive function over a 90 day period”
  • EXPENSIVE
  • 1 capsule/day
A
  • Prevagen (apoaequorin)
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3
Q
  • Shown to decrease aggression/agitation
A
  • Aromatherapy
  • Lemon balm
  • Lavender
  • Tea Tree Oil
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4
Q
  • Key for caregivers

- Support group for dementia

A
  • Alzheimer’s association
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5
Q
  • Not recommended for anxiety
  • Most studied herb for depression
  • Major drug interactions
  • 300mg TID
A

St. John’s Wort

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6
Q
  • Dietary synthetic supplement for depression maybe anxiety
  • Likely safe
  • Peak effect within 2 weeks
  • 1600-3000mg/day
A

Same

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7
Q
  • Possibly effective for depression
  • Likely safe
  • Anti-platelet activity
  • 30 mg daily
  • Takes 6 - 8 weeks to be effective
A

Saffron Spice

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8
Q
  • Sedative for restlessness/anxiety
  • Likely safe
  • 150mg daily
  • Not the best trials
  • Only take for four weeks
A

Valerian

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9
Q
  • Most imporvement in women and younger adults
  • Maybe effective in GAD
  • Placebo is better
  • Inhibitor of CYPs
  • 250mg/day
  • 3 week use
A

Kava

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10
Q
  • For depression
  • 15mg PO dialy
  • Really just a multivitamin
  • Medical food
A

Deplin

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11
Q

What are the exclusions to self treatment for tobacco cessation?

A
  • Serious heart disease
  • High blood pressure not controlled with medications
  • Pregnant/Breastfeeding
  • Active peptic ulcer disease (PUD)
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12
Q

What age excludes a patient to self treatment for tobacco cessation?

A

< 18 years old

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13
Q
  • Nicotine replacement gum
  • TTFC < 30 minutes after waking = 4mg
  • TTFC > 30 minutes after waking = 2mg
  • Max 24pieces/day
  • Week 1-6: 1 piece q 1-2 hours while awake
  • Week 7-9: 1 piece q 2-4 hours while awake
  • Week 10-12: 1 piece q 4-8 hours while awake
  • Sugar free
A

Nicotine polacrilex gum (Nicorette)

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14
Q
  • Nicotine replacement lozenge
  • TTFC < 30 minutes after waking = 4mg
  • TTFC > 30 minutes after waking = 2mg
  • Max 20 lozenges/day
  • Week 1-6: 1 lozenge q 1-2 hours while awake
  • Week 7-9: 1 lozenge q 2-4 hours while awake
  • Week 10-12: 1 lozenge q 4-8 hours while awake
  • Sugar free
A

Nicotine polacrilex formulation (Nicorette)

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15
Q
  • > 10 cigarettes/day
  • 21mg/day x 4-6 weeks then:
  • 14mg/day x 2 weeks then:
  • 7mg/day x 2 weeks
A

Nicotine transdermal system (NicoDerm CQ): Step 1, step 2, step 3

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16
Q
  • < 10 cigarettes/day
  • 14mg/day x 6 weeks
  • 7mg/day x 2 weeks
A

Nicotine transdermal system (NicoDerm CQ): Step 2, step 3

17
Q

What are the exclusion to self treatment for insomnia?

A
  • < 12 or > 65 years old
  • Pregnant
  • Frequent nocturnal or early morning awakenings
  • Chronic > 3 weeks
  • Secondary insomnia
18
Q
  • Insomnia treatment
  • Antihistamines (2)
  • 25 - 50mg taken 30-60 minutes before bed
  • CNS effects
A
  • Diphenhydramine

- Doxylamine

19
Q
  • Alternative medicine for insomnia
  • 400-600mg 60 minutes before bed
  • Do not use in pregnancy or lactation
A

Valerian Root

20
Q
  • Insomnia & jet lag treatment
  • Insomnia: 3-5mg 30 minutes before bed x 4 weeks
  • Jet lag: 0.5-2mg pre-flight and 5mg post-flight up to 4 days
A

Melatonin

21
Q

What are the exclusion for treatment of drowsiness/fatigue?

A
  • < 12 years old
  • Pregnant or breastfeeding
  • Heart disease
  • Anxiety disorder
  • Chronic fatigue
  • No response after 7-10 days of OTC treatment
22
Q
  • Drowsiness/fatigue treatment
  • Only FDA approved stimulant
  • 100-200mg every 3-4 hours
  • DIs: aspirin, theophylline, MAOIs
A

Caffeine tablets

23
Q

Non-viable food component that confer health benefits on the host associated with the modulation of the microbiota

A

Prebiotics

24
Q
  • Resistance to digestion in the upper part of the alimentary tract
  • Beneficial effect on host’s health
  • Selective stimulation of growth of probiotics
  • Stability in various food/feed processing conditions
  • Fermentation by intestinal microbiota
A

Ideal Prebiotic Characteristics

25
Q

Live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit to the host

A

Probiotics

26
Q
  • Non-pathogenic
  • Acid & Bile tolerant
  • Effective adhesion to gut lining
  • Short generation time
  • Robust surviving processing conditions
  • Anti-genotoxic property
  • Genetically stable
  • Lactic acid producer
  • Resistance to bile salts & enzymes
  • Reisistance to low pH in the stomach
A

Ideal probiotic properties

27
Q

Prebiotics combined with probiotics to increase the survival of probiotic bacteria

A

Synbiotics

28
Q
  • Promoting anti-tumor immune response
  • Anti-proliferative effects via regulation of apoptosis & cell differentiation
  • Suppressing the production of B-glucuronidase, urease, choloyl glycine hydroxylase, azedoreductase, & nitro-reductase secreted by E. coli & C. perfingens
A

Key mechanism of anti-cancer effects of probiotics

29
Q

When are at home pregnancy tests most accurate?

A

1 week post expected start of cycle

30
Q

Around what day does ovulation occur?

A

Day 14

31
Q

Approximately what is the ovulation temperature?

A

98.6 degrees Fahrenheit

32
Q

What does the male fertility test test for?

A

Sperm count

33
Q

How can you screen for colorectal cancer at home?

A

Fecal occult blood test

34
Q

What is the least restrictive colorectal at home screening test?

A

EZ-Detect Colon Disease Test

35
Q

What does HomeAccess Express test for?

A

HIV

36
Q
  • How soon can results be measured after drug use with a hair follicle test?
  • Up to how many days can you test after drug use?
A
  • Before 5-7 days use

- 90 days

37
Q
  • If you are suspicoius of low-level casual (recent) use, what kind of test should you use?
  • If you are suscpicous of long-term use, what kind of test should you use?
A
  • Urine

- Hair

38
Q

What are the following blood pressure monitors (auscultatory or oscillometric)?

  • Mercury column? (gold standard)
  • Digital?
  • Aneroid?
A
  • Ausculatatory
  • Oscillometric
  • Ausultatory

OTC (1 decks)

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