Exam 4 Module 11: Acids and Bases

Question 1

HCl

Answer 1

Hydrochloric Acid
Strong Acid

Question 2

HBr

Answer 2

Hydrobromic Acid
Strong Acid

Question 3

HI

Answer 3

Hydroiodic acid
Strong Acid

Question 4

HNO3

Answer 4

Nitric Acid
Strong Acid

Question 5

HClO4

Answer 5

Perchloric Acid
Strong Acid

Question 6

H2SO4

Answer 6

Sulfuric Acid
Strong Acid
*Not on exam

Question 7

HF

Answer 7

Hydrofluoric Acid
Weak Acid

Question 8

H2CO3

Answer 8

Carbonic Acid
Weak Acid

Question 9

H3PO4

Answer 9

Phosphoric Acid
Weak Acid

Question 10

Organic Acids

Answer 10

Weak Acids

Question 11

What common functional group is seen in weak acids?

Answer 11

Carboxylic Acids
R-COOH

Question 12

How can you easily differentiate between strong and weak acid?

Answer 12

If not one of the following strong acids, it is considered a weka acid:
HCl, HBr, HI, HNO3, HClO3, H2SO4
Mainly Group 17 + Nitric Acid, Perchloric Acid, & Sulfuric Acid

Question 13

Why are acids ad bases in Bronsted-Lowry form compared to Lewis structure?

Answer 13

Acidity favors protons (H+) over electrons

Question 14

Proton donator

Answer 14

Acid

Question 15

Proton acceptor

Answer 15

Base

Question 16

Species formed from base

Answer 16

Conjugate acid ( ex: HNO3+)

Question 17

Species formed from acid

Answer 17

Conjugate base is an acid stripped from H+
[ Ex: HCl –> (Cl-) ]

Question 18

Completely ionized (break apart into ions) when dissolved in water

Answer 18

Strong Acids and Strong bases

Question 19

Partially ionized when dissolved in water

Answer 19

Weak acids Weak bases

Question 20

Strong acids have _________ ________ _________.

Answer 20

Weak Conjugate bases

Question 21

Strong bases have ________ ________ _________.

Answer 21

Strong Conjugate bases

Question 22

T or F: Protonated drugs are weak bases.

Answer 22

False; Protonated drug are WEAK ACIDS

Question 23

Equilibrium favors _________ acids

Answer 23

Weaker acids

Question 24

What is Equilibrium?

Answer 24

Rate of ionization is equal

Question 25

Common functional group on strong bases?

Answer 25

(OH)

Question 26

LiOH

Answer 26

Lithium hydroxide Strong base

Question 27

NaOH

Answer 27

Sodium hydroxide Strong base

Question 28

KOH

Answer 28

Potassium Hydroxide Strong base

Question 29

Sr(OH)2

Answer 29

Strontium Hydroxide Strong base

Question 30

Ca(OH)2

Answer 30

Calcium Hydroxide

Question 31

Ba(OH)2

Answer 31

Barium Hydroxide Strong base

Question 32

T/F: NH3 is a weak base

Answer 32

True Ammonia is a weak base

Question 33

Mg(OH)2

Answer 33

Magnesium Hydroxide Weak bases

Question 34

CuOH

Answer 34

Weak base Copper (I) Hydroxide Transition Metal Hydroxides

Question 35

What type of organic functional group is considered a weak base?

Answer 35

Amines (N-H)

Question 36

Define Amphoretic

Answer 36

Can act as acid or base

Question 37

What substance is amphoteric?

Answer 37

Water (H2O)

Question 38

Water Constant (Kw)

Answer 38

Measure of self ionization of water

Question 39

pH < 7

Answer 39

Acidic

Question 40

pH > 7

Answer 40

Basic

Question 41

pH = 7

Answer 41

Neutral

Question 42

The pH scale is a ________ scale

Answer 42

Logarithmic scale A change of 1 actually scales to a change by factor of 10

Question 43

Normal pH

Answer 43

0-14

Question 44

Normal pKA

Answer 44

(-20) to (+60)

Question 45

What is the pKa of H2O?

Answer 45

16

Question 46

Acid/Base reactions exist in some form of __________.

Answer 46

Equilibrium

Question 47

Acid strength is _______

Answer 47

Relative

Question 48

Acid strength depends on _____.

Answer 48

The ability of the group to give up a protein

Question 49

What is the measure of acid strength?

Answer 49

Acid-dissociation constant (Ka) Ka = [H3O+] x [A-] / [HA]

Question 50

The larger the Ka the _______ it is to remove a proton

Answer 50

Easier

Question 51

T/F: Lower pKA = more acidic

Answer 51

True