Exam 4 muscles Flashcards
(40 cards)
external oblique
Origin: external surfaces of ribs 5-12
Insertion: Linea alba, pubic crest and tubercle, and another anterior half of the iliac crest.
innervation: Thoracoabdominal nerve
action: compresses and supports abdominal viscera, and flexes and rotates the trunk
internal oblique
O: Thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, and lateral half of inguinal ligament
I: Inferior border of ribs 10-12, linea alba, pubic crest, and pecten pubis, via conjoint tendon.
Innerve: Thoracoabdominal nerve
compresses and supports abdominal viscera, and flexes and rotates the trunk
Transversus Abdominis
O: internal surfaces of costal cartilages 7-12, thoracolumbar fascia, and iliac crest.
I: linea alba with internal oblique, pubic crest, and pecten pubis via conjoint tendon.
Innerve: Thoracoabdominal
Action:compresses and supports abdominal viscera, and flexes and rotates the trunk
Rectus abdominis
O: xiphoid process, costal cartilage 5-7
I: pubic symphysis and pubic crest.
Innerve: Thoracoabdominal
Action:compresses and supports abdominal viscera, and flexes and rotates the trunk
innermost intercostals
O:inner surface of the costal groove of the ribs, deep to the origin of the internal intercostal muscles.
I: superior border of the inferior rib.
innervation: intercostal nerve
action: depress the ribs
pectoralis major
O: medial half of clavicle, sternum, costal cartilages 1-7
I: lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus.
Action: medially rotates, flexes, and adducts the humerus
innervation: medial and lateral pectoral nerve
pectoralis minor
O: ribs 1-5
I: Coracoid process of scapula
Actions: anteriorly tilts and depresses the scapula.
innervation: medial pectoral nerve
serratus anterior
O: anterior surface of the medial border of the scapula
I: ribs 1-9 lateral parts
actions: rotates glenoid cavity superiorly and protracts scapula
innervation: long thoracic
external intercostals
O: inferior border of the scapula
I: superior border of the rib below
action: elevates the rib below
innervation: intercostal
internal intercostal
O: inferior border of the rib above
I:inferior border of the scapula
action: depresses the rib below
innervation: intercostal
innermost intercostal
O: inferior border of the rib above
I:inferior border of the scapula
action: depresses the rib below
innervation: intercostal
rectus abdominis
O: xiphoid process and costal cartilages 5-7
I: pubic symphysis and pubic crest
action: flexes trunk, assists in pelvic tilt, and compresses the abdominal viscera
innervation: thoracoabdominal nerve and subcostal nerve
transverse abdominis
O: Internal surfaces of costal cartilages of ribs 7-12, thoracolumbar fascia, anterior two thirds of iliac crest, iliopectineal arch
I: Linea alba, aponeurosis of internal abdominal oblique muscle; pubic crest, pectinal line of pubis
action: Compresses abdominal viscera, expiration
Unilateral contraction - Trunk rotation (ipsilateral)
innervation: Intercostal nerves (T7-T11), subcostal nerve (T12), iliohypogastric nerve (L1), ilioinguinal nerve (L1)
diaphragm
O :Sternal part: Posterior aspect of xiphoid process
Costal part: Internal surfaces of lower costal cartilages and ribs 7-12
Lumbar part: Medial and lateral arcuate ligaments (lumbocostal arches), bodies of vertebrae L1-L3 (+intervertebral discs), anterior longitudinal ligament
I: Central tendon of diaphragm
action: Depresses costal cartilages, primary muscle of breathing (inspiration)
innervation: Phrenic nerves (C3-C5) (sensory innervation of peripheries via 6th-11th intercostal nerves)
Mnemonic: C3, 4, 5 keeps the diaphragm alive!
sternocleidomastoid
O: Sternal head: superior part of anterior surface of manubrium sterni
Clavicular head: superior surface of medial third of the clavicle
I: Lateral surface of mastoid process of the temporal bone, Lateral half of superior nuchal line of the occipital bone
action: Unilateral contraction: cervical spine: neck ipsilateral flexion, neck contralateral rotation
Bilateral contraction: atlantooccipital joint/ superior cervical spine: head/neck extension; Inferior cervical vertebrae: neck flexion; sternoclavicular joint: elevation of clavicle and manubrium of sternum
innervation: Accessory nerve (CN XI), branches of cervical plexus (C2-C3)
Levator Ani
O: Puborectalis: Posterior surface of bodies of pubic bones (also known as puboanalis)
Pubococcygeus: Posterior surface of bodies of pubic bones (lateral to puborectalis)
Iliococcygeus: Tendinous arch of interal obturator fascia, Ischial spine
I: Puborectalis: None (forms ‘puborectal sling’ posterior to rectum)
Pubococcygeus: Anococcygeal ligament, Coccyx, Perineal body and musculature of prostate/ vagina
Iliococcygeus: Anococcygeal ligament, Coccyx
action: Stability and support of the abdominal and pelvic organs, resistance against increased intra-abdominal pressure, opening and closing of the levator hiatus
innervation: Pubococcygeus N.
coccygeus
O: ischial spine
I: inferior end of sacrum and coccyx
action: supports pelvic viscera and flexes coccyx
innervation: anterior rami of spinal nerves.
internal thoracic artery
O: subclavian artery
supplies: skin and muscles of the anterior aspect of the thoracic cage and superior aspect of the abdominal wall, typical ribs, breasts, parietal pleura, sternum, pericardium, and thymus
Internal thoracic vein
drains the ventro cranial abdominal wall and the ventro lateral thoracic wall. collects blood from the chest wall and breasts.
interior intercostal arteries
supply the muscles and skin in the intercostal spaces and the parietal pleura
ascending aorta forms what??
starts in left ventricle, and forms the brachiocephalic, left common carotid, and left subclavian.
descending aorta
thoracic aorta
aortic arch
leads into the left subclavian
pulmonary trunk
from base of right ventricle. carries DEOXYGENATED BLOOD to the lungs from the heart.
