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4th Year Sem II > Exam 4 PCAL > Flashcards

Exam 4 PCAL Flashcards

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1
Q

Testosterone

A

Androgen

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2
Q

Depo Testosterone

A

Androgen

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3
Q

Androderm patch

A

Testosterone, Androgen

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4
Q

Androgel

A

Testosterone, Androgen

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5
Q

Testim

A

Testosterone gel, Androgen

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6
Q

Jatenzo

A

Testosterone, Androgen
- oral
- take w/ food

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7
Q

Kyzatrex

A

Testosterone, Androgen
-oral
- take w/ food

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8
Q

Tlando

A

Testosterone, Androgen
-oral
- take w/ food

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9
Q

Methyltestosterone

A

Androgen
- HRT for postmenopausal women

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10
Q

Danocrine

A

Androgen
- Use: endometriosis

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11
Q

fluoxymesterone

A

Halotestin,
Anabolic Steroids
- Use: erythropoiesis, bone disorder
- ADR: liver damage, infertility, cholesterol issue, incr androgenic effect

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12
Q

Halotestin

A

fluoxymesterone,
Anabolic Steroids
- Use: erythropoiesis (to incr RBC), bone disorder
- ADR: liver damage, infertility, cholesterol issue, incr androgenic effect

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13
Q

oxandrolone

A

Anavar,
Anabolic steroids
- Use: erythropoiesis, bone disorder
- ADR: liver damage

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14
Q

Anavar

A

oxandrolone,
Anabolic steroids
- Use: erythropoiesis, bone disorder
- ADR: liver damage, infertility, cholesterol issue, incr androgenic effect

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15
Q

oxymetholone

A

Anadrol,
Anabolic steroids
- Use: erythropoiesis, bone disorder
- ADR: liver damage, infertility, cholesterol issue, incr androgenic effect

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16
Q

Anadrol

A

oxymetholone,
Anabolic steroids
- Use: erythropoiesis, bone disorder
- ADR: liver damage, infertility, cholesterol issue, incr androgenic effect

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17
Q

GnRH receptor antagonists

A

Androgen Deprivation Therapy

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18
Q

GnRH receptor agonists

A

Androgen Deprivation Therapy

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19
Q

5-alpha reductase inhibitors

A

Androgen Deprivation Therapy

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20
Q

Androgen receptor antagonists

A

Androgen Deprivation Therapy

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21
Q

degarelix

A

Firmagon,
GnRH receptor antagonist
- Use: prostate cancer
- ADR: hot flashes
- Contra: Prego

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22
Q

Firmagon

A

degarelix,
GnRH receptor antagonist
- Use: prostate cancer
- ADR: hot flashes
- Contra: Prego

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23
Q

elagolix

A

Orilissa,
GnRH receptor antagonist
- Use: endometriosis
- ADR: hot flashes
- Contra: Prego

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24
Q

Orilissa

A

elagolix,
GnRH receptor antagonist
- Use: endometriosis

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25
relugolix
Orgovyx, GnRH receptor antagonist - Use: prostate cancer
26
Orgovyx
relugolix, GnRH receptor antagonist - Use: prostate cancer
27
leuprolide
Lupron, GnRH receptor agonists - long acting in - ADR: hot flashes (M/F) - CONTRA: prego
28
Lupron
leuprolide, GnRH receptor agonists - long acting inj - ADR: hot flashes (M/F) - CONTRA: prego
29
nafarelin
Synarel, GnRH receptor agonists - ADR: hot flashes (M/F) - CONTRA: prego
30
Synarel
nafarelin, GnRH receptor agonists - ADR: hot flashes (M/F) - CONTRA: prego
31
goserelin
Zoladex, GnRH receptor agonists - ADR: hot flashes (M/F) - CONTRA: prego
32
Zoladex
goserelin, GnRH receptor agonists - ADR: hot flashes (M/F) - CONTRA: prego
33
buserelin
Suprefact, GnRH receptor agonists - nasal spray, inj - ADR: hot flashes (M/F) - CONTRA: prego
34
Suprefact
buserelin, GnRH receptor agonists - nasal spray, inj - ADR: hot flashes (M/F) - CONTRA: prego
35
histrelin
Vantas, GnRH receptor agonists - SQ impant - ADR: hot flashes (M/F) - CONTRA: prego
36
Vantas
histrelin, GnRH receptor agonists - SQ impant - ADR: hot flashes (M/F) - CONTRA: prego
37
triptorelin
GnRH receptor agonists - ADR: hot flashes (M/F) CONTRA: prego
38
finasteride
(Propecia- Use: male patteren baldness lower dose, Proscar- Use: BPH high dose>> - COMBO therapy w/ a1-antagonists (ex. Tamsulosin)) - type 2 selective 5-alpha reductase inhibitors - ADR: Prego- male develop, low libido, sexual dysfunction, loss of bone density, hot flashes
39
Propecia
finasteride, - type 2 selective 5-alpha reductase inhibitors - Use: low dose > male patterned baldness - ADR: Prego- male develop, low libido, sexual dysfunction, loss of bone density, hot flashes
40
Proscar
finasteride, - type 2 selective 5-alpha reductase inhibitors - Use: high dose > BPH - ADR: Prego- male develop, low libido, sexual dysfunction, loss of bone density, hot flashes
41
dutasteride
Avodart, - non- selective 5-alpha reductase inhibitors - COMBO therapy w/ a1-antagonists (ex. Tamsulosin) - Use: BPH - ADR: Prego- male develop, low libido, sexual dysfunction, loss of bone density, hot flashes
42
Avodart
dutasteride, - non- selective 5-alpha reductase inhibitors - COMBO therapy w/ a1-antagonists (ex. Tamsulosin) - Use: BPH - ADR: Prego- male develop, low libido, sexual dysfunction, loss of bone density, hot flashes
43
bicalutamide
Casodex, Androgen receptor antagonists - Use: prostate cancer - Note: co-therapy w/ GnRH receptor antagonists
44
Casodex
bicalutamide, Androgen receptor antagonists - Use: prostate cancer - Note: co-therapy w/ GnRH receptor antagonists
45
apalutamide
Erleada, Androgen receptor antagonists - Use: prostate cancer - Note: co-therapy w/ GnRH receptor antagonists
46
Erleada
apalutamide, Androgen receptor antagonists - Use: prostate cancer - Note: co-therapy w/ GnRH receptor antagonists
47
enzalutamide
Xtandi, Androgen receptor antagonists - Use: prostate cancer - Note: co-therapy w/ GnRH receptor antagonists
48
Xtandi
enzalutamide, Androgen receptor antagonists - Use: prostate cancer - Note: co-therapy w/ GnRH receptor antagonists
49
Nubeqa
darolutamide, Androgen receptor antagonists - Use: prostate cancer - Note: co-therapy w/ GnRH receptor antagonists
50
darolutamide
Nubeqa, Androgen receptor antagonists - Use: prostate cancer - Note: co-therapy w/ GnRH receptor antagonists
51
clascoterone
Winlevi, Androgen receptor antagonists Use: acne (topical)
52
Winlevi
clascoterone, Androgen receptor antagonists Use: acne (topical)
53
teplizumab
Tzield - Use: early-stage T1D to delay disease progression - MOA: target CD3 on T-cells to dect # of T-cells > less attack on pancreatic beta cells
54
Tzield
teplizumab - Use: early-stage T1D to delay disease progression - MOA: target CD3 on T-cells to dect # of T-cells > less attack on pancreatic beta cells
55
Afreeza
Ultra rapid-acting Insulin - Use: inhaled- variable absorb - ADR: bonchospams (REMS) - ADR: Wt gain, hypoglycemia
56
Lispro
(Humalog, Admelog, Lyumjev) Rapid-acting Insulin - Eat before meal - ADR: Wt gain, hypoglycemia
57
Humalog
Lispro, Rapid-acting Insulin - inj before meal - ADR: Wt gain, hypoglycemia
58
Admelog
Lispro, Rapid-acting Insulin - inj before meal - ADR: Wt gain, hypoglycemia
59
Lyumjev
Lispro, Rapid-acting Insulin - inj before meal - ADR: Wt gain, hypoglycemia
60
aspart
(Novolog, Fiasp) Rapid-acting Insulin - inj before meal - ADR: Wt gain, hypoglycemia
61
Novolog
Aspart, Rapid-acting Insulin - inj before meal - ADR: Wt gain, hypoglycemia
62
Fiasp
Aspart, Rapid-acting Insulin - inj before meal - ADR: Wt gain, hypoglycemia
63
glulisine
Apidra, Rapid-acting Insulin - inj before meal - ADR: Wt gain, hypoglycemia
64
Apidra
glulisine, Rapid-acting Insulin - inj before meal - ADR: Wt gain, hypoglycemia
65
Humulin R
Regular insulin, Short acting - ADR: Wt gain, hypoglycemia
66
Novolin R
Regular insulin, Short acting - ADR: Wt gain, hypoglycemia
67
Humulin N
NPH insulin, Intermediate acting Insulin - contain protamine, suspension - ADR: Wt gain, hypoglycemia
68
Novolin N
NPH insulin, Intermediate acting Insulin - ADR: Wt gain, hypoglycemia
69
detemir
Levemir, Long-acting Insulin - ADR: Wt gain, hypoglycemia
70
Levemir
detemir, Long-acting Insulin - ADR: Wt gain, hypoglycemia
71
degludec
Tresiba, Long-acting Insulin - ADR: Wt gain, hypoglycemia
72
Tresiba
degludec, Long-acting Insulin - ADR: Wt gain, hypoglycemia
73
glargine
(Lantus, Basaglar, Toujeo) Long-acting Insulin - ADR: Wt gain, hypoglycemia
74
Lantus
glargine, Long-acting Insulin - ADR: Wt gain, hypoglycemia
75
Basaglar
glargine, Long-acting Insulin - ADR: Wt gain, hypoglycemia
76
Toujeo
glargine, Long-acting Insulin U-300 - ADR: Wt gain, hypoglycemia
77
glargine-yfgn
Semglee, Long-acting Insulin - ADR: Wt gain, hypoglycemia
78
Semglee
glargine-yfgn, Long-acting Insulin - ADR: Wt gain, hypoglycemia
79
glucose
Treatment of hypoglycemia
80
glucagon
(Baqsimi, Gvoke), Treatment of hypoglycemia - SQ or intranasal - emergency use
81
Baqsimi
glucagon, Treatment of hypoglycemia - SQ or intranasal - emergency use
82
Gvoke
glucagon, Treatment of hypoglycemia - SQ or intranasal - emergency use
83
dasiglucagon
Zegalogue, Treatment of hypoglycemia emergency only
84
Zegalogue
dasiglucagon, Treatment of hypoglycemia emergency only
85
pramlintide
Symlin - inj peptide amylin analog peptide - co-admin w/ insulin, decr dose of insulin initially to prevent hypoglycemia - Use: T1D, last stage T2D - Effects: 1. decr glucagon secretion 2. decr gastric emptying rate 3. appetite suppression
86
Symlin
pramlintide - inj amylin analog peptide - co-admin w/ insulin, decr dose of insulin initially to prevent hypoglycemia - Use: T1D, last stage T2D - Effects: 1. decr glucagon secretion 2. decr gastric emptying rate 3. appetite suppression
87
metformin
Glucophage - Use: ONLY T2D - MOA: incr insulin sensitivity > incr glucose intake - does NOT stimulate pancreas or incr endogenous insulin - ADR: metallic taste, lactic acidosis - NO hypoglycemia risk - Excreted unchanged > need GOOD renal function - STOP when iodinated contrast media scan bc kidney will stop elim med > 1. build-up, lactic acidosis 2. acute renal failure
88
Glucophage
metformin - Use: ONLY T2D - MOA: incr insulin sensitivity > incr glucose intake - does NOT stimulate pancreas or incr endogenous insulin - ADR: metallic taste, lactic acidosis - NO hypoglycemia risk - Excreted unchanged > need GOOD renal function - STOP when iodinated contrast media scan bc kidney will stop elim med > 1. build-up, lactic acidosis 2. acute renal failure
89
rosiglitazone
Avandia, Thiazolidinediones - Use: T2D ONLY ADR: anemia, edema (wt gain) - CONTRA: HF, cardiovascular risk
90
Avandia
rosiglitazone, Thiazolidinediones - Use: T2D ONLY ADR: anemia, edema (wt gain) - CONTRA: HF, cardiovascular risk
91
pioglitazone
Actos, Thiazolidinediones - Use: T2D ONLY - ADR: anemia, edema (wt gain) - CONTRA: HF, cardiovascular risk
92
Actos
pioglitazone, Thiazolidinediones - Use: T2D ONLY ADR: anemia, edema (wt gain) - CONTRA: HF, cardiovascular risk
93
acarbose
Precose, Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors Use: T2D Effect: slow breakdown/absorption of glucose, NO effect on gastric emptying > NO decr appetite ADR: flatulence (fart), bloating, GI issues
94
Precose
acarbose, Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors Effect: slow breakdown/absorption of glucose, no effect on gastric emptying ADR: flatulence (fart), bloating, GI issues
95
miglitol
Glyset, Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors Effect: slow breakdown/absorption of glucose, no effect on gastric emptying ADR: flatulence (fart), bloating, GI issues
96
Glyset
miglitol, Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors Effect: slow breakdown/absorption of glucose, no effect on gastric emptying ADR: flatulence (fart), bloating, GI issues
97
dapagliflozin
Farxiga, SGLT2 inhibitors - No stimulation of insulin > No hypoglycemia risk - beneficial for HF and CKD - ADR: polyuria, UTI
98
Farxiga
dapagliflozin, SGLT2 inhibitors - No stimulation of insulin > No hypoglycemia risk - beneficial for HF and CKD - ADR: polyuria, UTI
99
canagliflozin
Invokana, SGLT2 inhibitors - No stimulation of insulin > No hypoglycemia risk - beneficial for HF and CKD - ADR: polyuria, UTI
100
Invokana
canagliflozin, SGLT2 inhibitors - No stimulation of insulin > No hypoglycemia risk - beneficial for HF and CKD - ADR: polyuria, UTI
101
Jardiance
empagliflozin, SGLT2 inhibitors - No stimulation of insulin > No hypoglycemia risk - beneficial for HF and CKD - ADR: polyuria, UTI
102
empagliflozin
Jardiance, SGLT2 inhibitors - No stimulation of insulin > No hypoglycemia risk - beneficial for HF and CKD - ADR: polyuria, UTI
103
Inpefa
sotagliflozin, SGLT2 inhibitors - No stimulation of insulin > No hypoglycemia risk - beneficial for HF and CKD - ADR: polyuria, UTI
104
sotagliflozin
Inpefa, SGLT2 inhibitors - No stimulation of insulin > No hypoglycemia risk - beneficial for HF and CKD - ADR: polyuria, UTI
105
bexagliflozin
Brenzavvy, SGLT2 inhibitors - No stimulation of insulin > No hypoglycemia risk - beneficial for HF and CKD - ADR: polyuria, UTI
106
Brenzavvy
bexagliflozin, SGLT2 inhibitors - No stimulation of insulin > No hypoglycemia risk - beneficial for HF and CKD - ADR: polyuria, UTI
107
ertugliflozin
Steglatro, SGLT2 inhibitors - No stimulation of insulin > No hypoglycemia risk - beneficial for HF and CKD - ADR: polyuria, UTI
108
Steglatro
ertugliflozin, SGLT2 inhibitors - No stimulation of insulin > No hypoglycemia risk - beneficial for HF and CKD - ADR: polyuria, UTI
109
Micronase
glyburide, Sulfonylureas- Insulin Secretagogues - AVOID in renal impairment bc ACTIVE metabolite - Long acting, given daily - MOA: close K+ channels (diff site than ATP binding site) > stimulate insulin release - ADR: wt gain, hypoglycemia (less than insulin) - DDI: BB - CONTRA: prego
110
glyburide
Micronase, Sulfonylureas- Insulin Secretagogues - AVOID in renal impairment bc ACTIVE metabolite - Long acting, given daily - MOA: close K+ channels (diff site than ATP binding site) > stimulate insulin release - ADR: wt gain, hypoglycemia (less than insulin) - DDI: BB - CONTRA: prego
111
glipizide
Glucotrol, Sulfonylureas- Insulin Secretagogues - PREFERRED in renal impairment bc INactive metabolite - Long acting, given daily - MOA: close K+ channels (diff site than ATP binding site) > stimulate insulin release - ADR: wt gain, hypoglycemia (less than insulin) - DDI: BB - CONTRA: prego
112
Glucotrol
glipizide, Sulfonylureas- Insulin Secretagogues - PREFERRED in renal impairment bc INactive metabolite - Long acting, given daily - MOA: close K+ channels (diff site than ATP binding site) > stimulate insulin release - ADR: wt gain, hypoglycemia (less than insulin) - DDI: BB - CONTRA: prego
113
glimpepiride
Amaryl, Sulfonylureas- Insulin Secretagogues - Long acting, given daily - MOA: close K+ channels (diff site than ATP binding site) > stimulate insulin release - ADR: wt gain, hypoglycemia (less than insulin) - DDI: BB - CONTRA: prego
114
Amaryl
glimpepiride, Sulfonylureas- Insulin Secretagogues - Long acting, given daily - MOA: close K+ channels (diff site than ATP binding site) > stimulate insulin release - ADR: wt gain, hypoglycemia (less than insulin) - DDI: BB - CONTRA: prego
115
repaglinide
Prandin, Meglitinides- Insulin Secretagogues - short acting, given before meals - MOA: close K+ channels (diff site than ATP binding site) > stimulate insulin release - ADR: wt gain, hypoglycemia (less than insulin) - DDI: BB
116
Prandin
repaglinide, Meglitinides- Insulin Secretagogues - short acting, given before meals - MOA: close K+ channels (diff site than ATP binding site) > stimulate insulin release - ADR: wt gain, hypoglycemia (less than insulin) - DDI: BB
117
nateglinide
Starlix, Meglitinides- Insulin Secretagogues - short acting, given before meals - MOA: close K+ channels (diff site than ATP binding site) > stimulate insulin release - ADR: wt gain, hypoglycemia (less than insulin) - DDI: BB
118
Starlix
nateglinide, Meglitinides- Insulin Secretagogues - short acting, given before meals - MOA: close K+ channels (diff site than ATP binding site) > stimulate insulin release - ADR: wt gain, hypoglycemia (less than insulin) - DDI: BB
119
exenatide
(Byetta, Bydureon), GLP-1 receptor agonists- Insulin Secretagogues ADR: N/V CONTRA: prego Low risk hypoglycemia bc gluose dependent insulin release
120
Byetta
exenatide, GLP-1 receptor agonists- Insulin Secretagogues ADR: N/V CONTRA: prego Low risk hypoglycemia bc glucose dependent insulin release
121
Bydureon
exenatide, GLP-1 receptor agonists- Insulin Secretagogues ADR: N/V CONTRA: prego Low risk hypoglycemia
122
liraglutide
(Victoza, Saxenda), GLP-1 receptor agonists- Insulin Secretagogues ADR: N/V CONTRA: prego Low risk hypoglycemia bc glucose dependent insulin release
123
Victoza
liraglutide, GLP-1 receptor agonists- Insulin Secretagogues ADR: N/V CONTRA: prego Low risk hypoglycemia bc glucose dependent insulin release
124
Saxenda
liraglutide, GLP-1 receptor agonists- Insulin Secretagogues ADR: N/V CONTRA: prego Low risk hypoglycemia bc glucose dependent insulin release
125
semaglutide
(Ozempic, Rybelsus), GLP-1 receptor agonists- Insulin Secretagogues ADR: N/V CONTRA: prego Low risk hypoglycemia bc glucose dependent insulin release
126
Ozempic
semaglutide, GLP-1 receptor agonists- Insulin Secretagogues ADR: N/V CONTRA: prego Low risk hypoglycemia bc glucose dependent insulin release
127
Rybelsus
semaglutide, GLP-1 receptor agonists- Insulin Secretagogues ORAL ADR: N/V CONTRA: prego Low risk hypoglycemia bc glucose dependent insulin release
128
dulaglutide
Trulicity, GLP-1 receptor agonists- Insulin Secretagogues ADR: N/V CONTRA: prego Low risk hypoglycemia bc glucose dependent insulin release
129
Trulicity
dulaglutide, GLP-1 receptor agonists- Insulin Secretagogues ADR: N/V CONTRA: prego Low risk hypoglycemia
130
tirzepatide
(Mounjaro, Zepbound) GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonist- Insulin Secretagogues - MOA: biased agonist - ADR: pancreatitis (reversible), N/V - Contra: prego
131
Mounjaro
tirzepatide, GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonist- Insulin Secretagogues - MOA: biased agonist - ADR: pancreatitis (reversible), N/V - Contra: prego
132
Zepbound
tirzepatide, GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonist- Insulin Secretagogues - MOA: biased agonist - ADR: pancreatitis (reversible), N/V - Contra: prego
133
sitagliptin
Januvia, DPP-IV inhibitors-Insulin Secretagogues
134
Januvia
sitagliptin, DPP-IV inhibitors-Insulin Secretagogues
135
saxagliptin
Onglyza, DPP-IV inhibitors-Insulin Secretagogues
136
Onglyza
saxagliptin, DPP-IV inhibitors-Insulin Secretagogues
137
Tradjenta
linagliptin, DPP-IV inhibitors-Insulin Secretagogues
138
linagliptin
Tradjenta, DPP-IV inhibitors-Insulin Secretagogues
139
vidagliptin
Galvus, DPP-IV inhibitors-Insulin Secretagogues
140
Galvus
vidagliptin, DPP-IV inhibitors-Insulin Secretagogues
141
somatropins
human recombinant growth hormones, to incr GH effects - Use: GH deficiency, idiopathic short stature (ISS) - Risk: malignancy bc incr cell growth - CONTRA: leukemia or cancer
142
somatrem
human recombinant growth hormones, to incr GH effects - Use: GH deficiency, idiopathic short stature (ISS) - Risk: malignancy bc incr cell growth - CONTRA: leukemia or cancer
143
somatrogon
human recombinant growth hormones, to incr GH effects - Use: GH deficiency, idiopathic short stature (ISS) - Risk: malignancy bc incr cell growth - CONTRA: leukemia or cancer
144
somapacitan
human recombinant growth hormones, to incr GH effects - Use: GH deficiency, idiopathic short stature (ISS) - Risk: malignancy bc incr cell growth - CONTRA: leukemia or cancer
145
sermorelin
- MOA: mimic GHRH - Use: test pituitary GH secretion
146
tesamorelin
- MOA: mimic GHRH - Use: test pituitary GH secretion
147
recombinant human IGF-1
to incr GH effects - Used when GH receptor is defective/ mutated - Use: GH deficiency, Idiopathic short stature (ISS)
148
octreotide
To decr GH effects, Somatostatin Receptor Agonist Use: gigantism (children), acromegaly (adults) MOA: agonist at SST5 receptor > decr GH ADR: abdomo pain, decr fat absorb, hyperglycemia
149
lanreotide
To decr GH effects, Somatostatin Receptor Agonist Use: gigantism (children), acromegaly (adults) MOA: agonist at SST5 receptor > decr GH ADR: abdomo pain, decr fat absorb, hyperglycemia
150
pasireotide
To decr GH effects, Somatostatin Receptor Agonist Use: gigantism (children), acromegaly (adults) MOA: agonist at SST5 receptor > decr GH ADR: abdomo pain, decr fat absorb, hyperglycemia
151
bromocriptine
To decr GH effects, D2 receptor agonist Use: gigantism (children), acromegaly (adults), and breast cancer
152
pegvisomant
Somavert, To decr GH effects, GH receptor Antagonist - Use: gigantism (children), acromegaly (adults)
153
Somavert
pegvisomant, To decr GH effects GH receptor Antagonist
154
Anti-resorptive drugs
Prevention and treatment of osteoporosis
155
Anabolic drugs
Prevention and treatment of osteoporosis
156
Estrogen
Anti-resorptive drugs - short term - Use: postmenopausal women - DECR bone osteoclast, INCR cancer risk (breast, uterine)
157
Fosamax
alendronate, bisphosphonates- Anti-resorptive drugs - dose: once a week or daily - Eat on an empty stomach w/ a full glass of water - Eat daily Ca2+, but NOT at the same time as med - stay upright 45-60min > prevents erosive esophagitis (could lead to esophageal cancer) - ADR: muscle/ joint pain, osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) - Avoid: GERD, esophageal motility
158
alendronate
Fosamax, bisphosphonates- Anti-resorptive drugs - dose: once a week or daily - Eat on an empty stomach w/ a full glass of water - Eat daily Ca2+, but NOT at the same time as med - stay upright 45-60min > prevents erosive esophagitis (could lead to esophageal cancer) - ADR: muscle/ joint pain, osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) - Avoid: GERD, esophageal motility
158
Raloxifene
Evista, Anti-resorptive drugs, - DECR osteoclast and cancer risk (breast, uterine) - ADR: hot flashes
159
Evista
Raloxifene, Anti-resorptive drugs - DECR osteoclast and cancer risk (breast, uterine) - ADR: hot flashes
160
risedronate
Actonel, bisphosphonates- Anti-resorptive drugs - dose: once a week or daily - Eat on an empty stomach w/ a full glass of water - Eat daily Ca2+, but NOT at the same time as med - stay upright 45-60min > prevents erosive esophagitis (could lead to esophageal cancer) - ADR: muscle/ joint pain, osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) - Avoid: GERD, esophageal motility
161
Actonel
risedronate, bisphosphonates- Anti-resorptive drugs - dose: once a week or daily - Eat on an empty stomach w/ a full glass of water - Eat daily Ca2+, but NOT at the same time as med - stay upright 45-60min > prevents erosive esophagitis (could lead to esophageal cancer) - ADR: muscle/ joint pain, osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) - Avoid: GERD, esophageal motility
162
ibandronate
Boniva, bisphosphonates- Anti-resorptive drugs - dose: once a week or daily - Eat on an empty stomach w/ a full glass of water - Eat daily Ca2+, but NOT at the same time as med - stay upright 45-60min > prevents erosive esophagitis (could lead to esophageal cancer) - ADR: muscle/ joint pain, osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) - Avoid: GERD, esophageal motility
163
Boniva
ibandronate, bisphosphonates- Anti-resorptive drugs - dose: once a week or daily - Eat on an empty stomach w/ a full glass of water - Eat daily Ca2+, but NOT at the same time as med - stay upright 45-60min > prevents erosive esophagitis (could lead to esophageal cancer) - ADR: muscle/ joint pain, osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) - Avoid: GERD, esophageal motility
164
zoledronate
bisphosphonates- Anti-resorptive drugs - dose: once a week or daily - Eat on an empty stomach w/ a full glass of water - Eat daily Ca2+, but NOT at the same time as med - stay upright 45-60min > prevents erosive esophagitis (could lead to esophageal cancer) - ADR: muscle/ joint pain, osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) - Avoid: GERD, esophageal motility
165
pamidronate
bisphosphonates- Anti-resorptive drugs - dose: once a week or daily - Eat on an empty stomach w/ a full glass of water - Eat daily Ca2+, but NOT at the same time as med - stay upright 45-60min > prevents erosive esophagitis (could lead to esophageal cancer) - ADR: muscle/ joint pain, osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) - Avoid: GERD, esophageal motility
166
denosumab
Prolia, Anti-resorptive drugs - inj every few months - MOA: bind to RANKL - ADR: muscle/joint pain, lower back pain, incr inf risk, hypocalcemia
167
Prolia
denosumab, Anti-resorptive drugs - inj every few months - MOA: bind to RANKL - ADR: muscle/joint pain, lower back pain, incr inf risk, hypocalcemia
168
romosozumab
Evenity, Anti-resorptive drugs - Dual action: anti-resorptive and anabolic - MOA: inhibits sclerostin > WNT signaling on > incr osteoblast - ADR: muscle/ joint pain, incr cardio risk - CONTRA: MI, stroke
169
Evenity
romosozumab, Anti-resorptive drugs - Dual action: anti-resorptive and anabolic - MOA: inhibits sclerostin > WNT signaling on > incr osteoblast - ADR: muscle/ joint pain, incr cardio risk - CONTRA: MI, stroke
170
calcitonin
Anti-resorptive drugs - Use: osteoporosis, minor analgesia - Admin: nasal spray - MOA: stop breaking down bone, stop reabsorption of Ca2+ in renal tubules> incr excretion of Ca2+ - Preferred over bisphosphonates: bedridden PT ADR: fluid retention, salty tast, paresthesias
171
Calcium
Anti-resorptive drugs
172
Vitamin D
Anti-resorptive drugs
173
teriparatide
Forteo, Anabolic BONE drugs - Use: severe osteoporosis/osteopenia, - rapidly incr BMD(max.2y) before switch to maintenance therapy - Risk: osteosarcoma (bone cancer) -ADR: hyperuricemia, orthostatic hypotension, hypocalcemia - Caution: gout
174
Forteo
teriparatide, Anabolic bone drugs - Use: severe osteoporosis/osteopenia, - rapidly incr BMD(max.2y) before switch to maintenance therapy - Risk: osteosarcoma (bone cancer) -ADR: hyperuricemia, orthostatic hypotension, hypocalcemia - Caution: gout
175
abaloparatide
Tymlos, Anabolic bone drugs - Use: severe osteoporosis/osteopenia, - rapidly incr BMD(max.2y) before switch to maintenance therapy - Risk: osteosarcoma (bone cancer) -ADR: hyperuricemia, orthostatic hypotension, hypocalcemia - Caution: gout
176
Tymlos
abaloparatide, Anabolic bone drugs - Use: severe osteoporosis/osteopenia, - rapidly incr BMD(max.2y) before switch to maintenance therapy - Risk: osteosarcoma (bone cancer) -ADR: hyperuricemia, orthostatic hypotension, hypocalcemia - Caution: gout
177
cinacalcet
Sensipar, Drugs affecting PTH function - Use: 2ndary hyperparathyroidism (esp. in end stage renal disease)
178
Sensipar
cinacalcet, Drugs affecting PTH function - Use: 2ndary hyperparathyroidism
179
etelcalcitide
Parsabiv, Drugs affecting PTH function - Use: 2ndary hyperparathyroidism
180
Parsabiv
etelcalcitide, Drugs affecting PTH function -Use: 2ndary hyperparathyroidism
181
Natpara
Drugs affecting PTH function - Use: hypothyroidism
182
palopegteriparatide
Yorvipath, Drugs affecting PTH function - Use: hypothyroidism
183
Yorvipath
palopegteriparatide, Drugs affecting PTH function - Use: hypothyroidism
184
Synthroid
T4: levothyroxine, Thyroid hormone preparations - Use: treat hypothyroidism - ADR: insomnia, cardiac stimulation - eat on empty stomach, first thing in the morning - avoid: milk, vit
185
levothyroxine
T4: Synthroid, Levoxyl, Levothroid, Unithroid Thyroid hormone preparations - Use: treat hypothyroidism - ADR: insomnia, cardiac stimulation - eat on empty stomach, first thing in the morning - avoid: milk, vit
185
Levoxyl
T4: levothyroxine, Thyroid hormone preparations - Use: treat hypothyroidism - ADR: insomnia, cardiac stimulation - eat on empty stomach, first thing in the morning - avoid: milk, vit
186
Unithroid
T4: levothyroxine, Thyroid hormone preparations - Use: treat hypothyroidism - ADR: insomnia, cardiac stimulation - eat on empty stomach, first thing in the morning - avoid: milk, vit
186
Levothroid
T4: levothyroxine, Thyroid hormone preparations - Use: treat hypothyroidism - ADR: insomnia, cardiac stimulation - eat on empty stomach, first thing in the morning - avoid: milk, vit
187
liothyronine
T3: Cytomel, Thyroid hormone preparations - Use: treat hypothyroidism - ADR: insomnia, cardiac stimulation - eat on empty stomach, first thing in the morning - avoid: milk, vit
188
Cytomel
T3: Liothyronine, Thyroid hormone preparations - Use: treat hypothyroidism - ADR: insomnia, cardiac stimulation - eat on empty stomach, first thing in the morning - avoid: milk, vit
189
Liotrix
T3 + T4: Thyrolar, Thyroid hormone preparations - Use: treat hypothyroidism - ADR: insomnia, cardiac stimulation - eat on empty stomach, first thing in the morning - avoid: milk, vit
190
Thyrolar
T3 + T4: Liotrix, Thyroid hormone preparations - Use: treat hypothyroidism - ADR: insomnia, cardiac stimulation - eat on empty stomach, first thing in the morning - avoid: milk, vit
191
Dessicated thyroid
Armour thyroid, Thyroid hormone preparations - Use: treat hypothyroidism - ADR: insomnia, cardiac stimulation - eat on empty stomach, first thing in the morning - avoid: milk, vit
192
Armour thyroid
Dessicated thyroid, Thyroid hormone preparations - Use: treat hypothyroidism - ADR: insomnia, cardiac stimulation - eat on empty stomach, first thing in the morning - avoid: milk, vit
193
propylthiouracil (PTU)
Antithyroid drugs - Use: hyperthyroidism - 1-2 weeks to see effect -ADR: skin, rash, joint pain, alopecia, hepatotoxicity, agranulocytosis
194
methimazole
Tapazole, Antithyroid drugs - Use: hyperthyroidism - 1-2 weeks to see effect -ADR: skin rash, joint pain, alopecia, hepatotoxicity, agranulocytosis
195
Tapazole
methimazole, Antithyroid drugs - Use: hyperthyroidism - 1-2 weeks to see effect -ADR: skin rash, joint pain, alopecia, hepatotoxicity, agranulocytosis
196
iodide
Antithyroid drugs - Use: thyroid storm
197
131 I
Antithyroid drugs - MOA: kill of thyroid gland
198
cortisol = hydrocortisone
Glucocorticoids
199
methylprednisolone
Medrol, Glucocorticoids
199
Prednisone
Deltasone, Glucocorticoids
200
Deltasone
Prednisone, Glucocorticoids
201
prednisolone
Glucocorticoids
202
cortisone
Glucocorticoids
203
Medrol
methylprednisolone, Glucocorticoids
204
triamcinolone
Glucocorticoids - Use: HRT - preferred if PT has edema, wt gain
205
betamethasone
Glucocorticoids - preferred if PT has edema, wt gain
206
dexamethasone
Decadron, Glucocorticoids - preferred if PT has edema, wt gain
207
Decadron
Dexamethasone, Glucocorticoids - Use: HRT - preferred if PT has edema, wt gain
208
Vamorolone
Glucocorticoids - Use: duchenne muscular dystrophy
209
fludrocortisone
Florinef, Mineralocorticoid receptor agonist - Use:aldosterone supplement, hypotension - daily single morning dose - Effect: decr Na+ retention, fluid retension, incr BP
210
Florinef
fludrocortisone, Mineralocorticoid receptor agonist - Use: aldosterone supplement, hypotension - daily single morning dose - effect: decr Na+ retension, fluid retension, incr BP
211
Synthetic CRF
Achthrel - Use: test for adrenal insufficiency - give CRF > couple hrs later > if ACTH high > pituitary is fine
212
Achthrel
synthetic CRF - Use: test for adrenal insufficiency - give drug > couple hrs later > if cortisol high > adrenal gland is fine
213
Synthetic ACTH
Cosyntropin - Use: test for adrenal insufficiency - give drug > couple hrs later > if ACTH incr > pituitary is fine
214
Cosyntropin
Synthetic ACTH - Use: test for adrenal insufficiency - give ACTH > couple hrs later > if ACTH incr > adrenal gland is fine
215
metyrapone
Cortisol synthesis inhibitors - Use: Cushing's disease - MOA: inhibit CYP450
216
ketoconazole
Cortisol synthesis inhibitors -Use: Cushing's disease - MOA: inhibit CYP450
217
osilodrostat
Cortisol synthesis inhibitors - Use: Cushing's disease - MOA: inhibits 11b-hydorxylase inhibitor ( 11-deoxycortisol -- 11b-hydorxylase inhibitor -->> cortisol)
218
calcipotriene
Dovonex, Vitamin D analog NON-retinoid - Use: psoriasis - ADR: skin irritation, hypercalcemia
219
Dovonex
calcipotriene, Vitamin D analog NON-retinoid - Use: psoriasis - ADR: skin irritation, hypercalcemia
220
tretinoin
Retin-A, Retinoids - Use: acne - ADR: PHOTOLABILE- apply at night, dry skin, teratogenic - DDI: peroxides
221
Retin-A
tretinoin, Retinoids - Use: acne - ADR: PHOTOLABILE- apply at night, dry skin, teratogenic - DDI: peroxides
222
isotretinoin
Accutane, Retinoids - Oral - Use: severe acne - ADR: severe teratogenicity, depression/suicide, dryness, desquamation, hyperlipidemia, hepatotoxicity ==> monitor
223
Accutane
isotretinoin, Retinoids - Oral - Use: severe acne - ADR: severe teratogenicity, depression/suicide, dryness, desquamation, hyperlipidemia, hepatotoxicity ==> monitor
224
adapalene
Differin, Retinoids - Use: acne -ADR: photosensitivity (NOT photoliable), skin irritation, pregnancy risk
225
Differin
adapalene, Retinoids - Use: acne -ADR: photosensitivity (NOT photoliable), skin irritation, pregnancy risk
226
acitretin
Soriatane, Retinoids - ORAL - Use: PSORIASIS - ADR: prolonged teratogenicity (3 months)bc metabolized into etretinate, dry skin, mucous membrane irritation
226
trifarotene
Aklief, Retinoids topical - Use:acne - ADR: dry skin, photosensitivity, low risk of irritation
227
Aklief
trifarotene, Retinoids topical - Use: acne - ADR: dry skin, photosensitivity, low risk skin irritation
228
Soriatane
acitretin, Retinoids - Oral - Use: psoriasis - ADR: prolonged teratogenicity (3 months)bc metabolized into etretinate, dry skin, mucous membrane irritation
229
tazarotene
Retinoids - topical - Use: psoriasis (no metabolite)
230
alitretinoin
Retinoids - Topical - Use: korpsoi's sarcoma- used in HIV PT - MOA: non-selective agonist at RAR and RXR
231
bexarotene
Retinoids - oral, topical - Use: cutaneous T-cell lymphoma - MOA: selectively activates RXR receptors > induce apoptosis
232
palovarotene
Retinoids - Use: treat rare FOB (fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva)

4th Year Sem II (6 decks)

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