Exam 4: Yang

Question 1

what is the main neurotransmitter that is a main regulator for sleep and targets mostly all meds?

Answer 1

GABA

Question 2

what are the allosteric sites for BZDs?

Answer 2

a1 and y2

Question 3

What do barbitrtates bind to?

Answer 3

all GABAa a1-5

Question 4

what do BBTs do in terms of channels?

Answer 4

increase the duration of channel openings and direct effects on GABAa channel in high doses (higher risk)

Question 5

what do BZDs bind to?

Answer 5

all GABAa A1-5

Question 6

what do BZDs do in terms of channels?

Answer 6

increase frequency of GABAa channel opening; medium risk

Question 7

what do Z-hypnotics bind to?

Answer 7

GABAa, BZ1 receptors of a1

Question 8

what do Z-hypnotics do in terms of channels?

Answer 8

increase the frequency of GABAa channel opening; lower risk

Question 9

what is the use of flumazenil?

Answer 9

1. treat BZD overdose “ z hypnotics”

Question 10

what are the side effects for flumazenil?

Answer 10

1. induce convulsions
2. panic attacks
3. agitation
4. confusion
5. N/V
6. headache

Question 11

what medication is known as an orphan product?

Answer 11

tasimelteon

Question 12

what does the orexin system deal with in terms of the brain and what parts?

Answer 12

1. sleep-wake cycle
2. within hypothalamus
3. also regulates autonomic functions

Question 13

what are OTC drugs that are used as antihistamines?

Answer 13

• diphenhydramine
• doxylamine
• pyrilamine