Exam Flashcards
(65 cards)
<p>Define the creative industries</p>
<p>industries which have their origin in individual creativity , skill and talent.</p>
<p>Industries within "the creative industries" include...</p>
<p>Advertising, architecture, art and antiques market, crafts, design, designer fashion, film and video, interactive leisure software, music, the performing arts, publishing, software and computer services, television and radio
</p>
<p>Why did the creative industries begin?</p>
<p>wanted to exploit greyness between:
- creative arts and cultural industries
- Freedom and comfort
- Public and private
- State and Commercial
- Citizen and consumer
- Political and personal</p>
<p>What does Content and Process Theory focus on?</p>
<p>Focus on interaction between content and external factors
Includes emphasis on learning
</p>
<p>What is RIASEC (Holland's theory)?</p>
<p>Realistic, investigative, Artistic, Social, Enterprising, Conventional.</p>
<p>What is Holland's Career theory?</p>
<p> - Persons are attracted to similar environment.
this influences person’s potential satisfaction, persistence and contribution in that environment.
- Focuses on the now
- Persona and environment matching
</p>
<p>What are the five stages Super's Career theory?</p>
<p>- Career development has five stages - Growth, Exploration, Establishment, Maintenance and Disengagement </p>
<p>What are the main points of Krumboltz Career Theory?</p>
<p>An individual's career choices and development are a product of learned behaviour, therefore, future learned behaviour can and will determinants of career choice and development are:
Genetic endowment (cannot be affected)
Environmental conditions and events (cannot be affected)
Instrumental and associative learning experiences
Knowledge of task approach skills
Irrational beliefs = barrier
Each individual filters events and information
Positive reinforcement and role models are powerful
Uncertainty is acceptable
</p>
<p>Why were the creative industries a complex and messy area?</p>
<p>- Government
- Diversity
- People reliant on subsidy</p>
<p>What was the advantage of pushing the creative industry?</p>
<p>Provided jobs and would stimulate the GDP gross domestic product</p>
<p>How did the creative industries affect cities?</p>
<p>- Could reinvent cities previously reliant on industry or manufacturing
- Could transfer creativity from ‘spending’ to ‘wealth creation’ department.</p>
<p>How did the creative arts influence technology?</p>
<p>- Initially IBM was for business-2-business hardware
then Bill Gates made it about the PC
- Part of larger shift from goods to services, producer to consumer</p>
<p>How did the PC economy change due to the creative industry</p>
<p>- IT became the boom sector
- Everyone had a PC on their desk</p>
<p>Soon IT turned into ICT, what did this mean for the computer users?</p>
<p>- The concept of connectivity came to the fore
- Significant opportunity for content
- This also meant that creativity was key.
</p>
<p>What are 3 different approaches to being entrepreneurial?</p>
<p>• New venture creation
• Transitioning approach or opportunity recognition
• Career self-management</p>
<p>Define Enterprising</p>
<p>Having or showing initiative and resourcefulness.</p>
<p>Creative artists 3-5 times more likely to....</p>
<p>Work freelance or be self employed.</p>
<p>Duening refers to the need to have five ‘minds’ when being enterprising or entrepreneurial. What are these?</p>
<p>• ‘Opportunity recognizing’ mind – having vision
* ‘Designing’ mind – being able to create and innovate
* ‘Risk managing’ mind – control mechanisms
* ‘Resilient’ mind – rebound and coping strategies
* ‘Effectuating’ mind – action and getting it done!</p>
<p>Ruth Bridgstock states there are 4 competencies required for being ‘Enterprising’. What are these?</p>
<p>Metacompetencies
* Career Self-Management
* Learning Self-Management
* Critical Self-Reflection
Skills
* Discipline-Specific
* Business
* Finding &amp; obtaining/creating employment
Contexts
* Knowledge of Self
* Knowledge of Sector
Underlying Dispositional Characteristics
~~~
• Pro-activeness
• Resilience
• Adaptability
• Tolerance of Uncertainty &amp; Risk
</p>
~~~
<p>Being creative and an artist can be challenging and confronting due to...</p>
<p>• Frequent critical feedback from peers, assessors, audiences
* Isolation and loneliness of many art forms.
* Substance abuse. Studies have shown that artists are prone to substance addiction (e.g. tobacco, alcohol)</p>
<p>What do Masten and Reed (2002) refer to as important traits for maintaining and/or building resilience?</p>
<p>• optimism • effective problem solving • faith • sense of meaning • self-efficacy • flexibility • impulse control • empathy • close relationships • spirituality</p>
<p>What are the 6 steps to "The last career guide youʼll ever need?"</p>
<p>• There is no plan • Think strengths, not weaknesses • Itʼs not about you • Persistence trumps talent • Make excellent mistakes • Leave an imprint</p>
<p>Erica McWilliam (2007) says “University graduates, as potential future creatives will be performing work that
is less focused on routine problem-solving
and more focused on creative outcomes
that involve....."</p>
<p>"New social relationships, novel challenges and the synthesizing of ‘big picture’ scenarios.”</p>
<p>What is a Sole Trader?</p>
<p>A sole trader is an individual who either invoices in their own name e.g. “John Smith” or under a business name owned or registered by the individual e.g. “John Smith Creative”
Most common, flexible and unrestricted form
No formal legal structure (normally)
Benefits:
Freedom
Take all profits
Challenges:
Debt or liabilities are on one person’s shoulders
Liability is unlimited</p>
What is a "Partnership"
A partnership is a legal relationship between people who carry on a business in common for the making of profit.
What is a Company?
A company is an independent legal entity able to do business in its own right. It has shareholders, who own the company, and directors, who run the company
What is "Limited Liability?"
A legal concept and basic commercial structure which protects shareholders by restricting their liabilities to the value of their shares, even if the company has debts exceeding that value.
What is a Business?
A commercial enterprise. |
What is a "Business Plan?"
An action plan which guides an enterprise and which enables goal setting, tracking of progress and achievements, re-visioning and forward planning.
The Australia Council was set up to run by two key principles. What are they?
“Arm’s length” or being separate to government and not controlled/influenced by them. “Peer review” where peers/artists have a major say in who/what gets funded.
What is the goal of Arts Queensland?
To build a strong arts and cultural sector that celebrates our unique identity and cultural heritage, drives a thriving creative economy, develops the creative capital of Queensland communities and enriches the lives of all Queenslanders.
What is the purpose of the “Creative Australia" national cultural policy?
To “revitalise the arts” and to bring it into “mainstream” government agenda/policy. “...the arts and creative industries are a key element of driving productivity growth and skills development” It was the first major significant policy since ‘Creative Nation’ of 1994 under the Keating government.
Who is Arts Queensland's key contributions from 2010-11?
Designing for the Asia Pacific triennial Cairns Indigenous Art Fair Backing Indigenous Arts strategy Various festivals e.g. Brisbane Festival, Australian Festival of Chamber Music
What was the Australia Council's budget from 2011-12
$8.4 million towards international activities $7.6 towards indigenous arts $12 towards regional focus
What are the three levels of government in Australia?
Federal, states and local government.
The creative class consists of....
Super Creative Core: (computing, maths, architecture, media, arts, entertainment etc) & Creative Professionals: (business, management, healthcare etc)
Creatives are highly mobile; so to attract them a city must address 3 important aspects. What are those?
What’s there - built and natural environment... Who’s there - diverse people, interaction opportunities... What’s going on - cafe culture, street life, events...
Who are some people that are "against" the creative industries?
The open source movement Amateur movement Download cultures Those in ‘displaced’ artistic practices (fringes)
What is the main funding program at a local level?
RADF - Regional Arts Development Fund
